| Strychnos chromatoxylon | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Loganiaceae |
| Genus: | Strychnos |
| Species: | S. chromatoxylon |
| Binomial name | |
| Strychnos chromatoxylon Leeuwenb. | |
Strychnos chromatoxylon is a species of plant in the Loganiaceae family. It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, and Ivory Coast.
Strychnine is a highly toxic, colorless, bitter, crystalline alkaloid used as a pesticide, particularly for killing small vertebrates such as birds and rodents. Strychnine, when inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the eyes or mouth, causes poisoning which results in muscular convulsions and eventually death through asphyxia. While it is no longer used medicinally, it was used historically in small doses to strengthen muscle contractions, such as a heart and bowel stimulant and performance enhancing drug. The most common source is from the seeds of the Strychnos nux-vomica tree.
Strychnos is a genus of flowering plants, belonging to the family Loganiaceae. The genus includes about 100 accepted species of trees and lianas, and more than 200 that are as yet unresolved. The genus is widely distributed around the world's tropics and is noted for the presence of poisonous indole alkaloids in the roots, stems and leaves of various species. Among these alkaloids are the well-known and virulent poisons strychnine and curare.
Strychnos spinosa, the Natal orange, is a tree indigenous to tropical and subtropical Africa. It produces, sweet-sour, yellow fruits, containing numerous hard brown seeds. Greenish-white flowers grow in dense heads at the ends of branches. The fruits tend to appear only after good rains. It is related to the deadly Strychnos nux-vomica, which contains strychnine. The smooth, hard fruit are large and green, ripen to yellow colour. Inside the fruit are tightly packed seeds, which may be toxic, surrounded by a fleshy, brown, edible covering. Animals such as baboon, monkeys, bushpig, nyala and eland eat the fruit. The leaves are a popular food source for browsers such as duiker, kudu, impala, steenbok, nyala and elephant.
Beauprea congesta is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to New Caledonia.
Helicia is a genus of 110 species of trees and shrubs, constituting part of the plant family Proteaceae. They grow naturally in rainforests throughout tropical South and Southeast Asia, including India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia to New Guinea and as far south as New South Wales.
Helicia albiflora is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Helicia grandifolia is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to Vietnam.
Helicia peltata is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Helicia subcordata is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Roupala sphenophyllum is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to Peru.
Stenocarpus dumbeensis was a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. It was endemic to New Caledonia.
Strychnos benthami is a species of plant in the Loganiaceae family. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
Strychnos elaeocarpa is a species of plant in the Loganiaceae family. It is endemic to Cameroon. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Strychnos mellodora is a species of plant in the Loganiaceae family. It is found in Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe.
Strychnos millepunctata is a species of shrub or small tree in the Loganiaceae family. It is endemic to Côte d'Ivoire and grows in the lowland Eastern Guinean forests where it is threatened by habitat loss. S. millepunctata has been investigated for pharmacological properties of its alkaloids.
Strychnos staudtii is a species of plant in the Loganiaceae family. It is found in Cameroon and Gabon. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Strychnos tetragona is a species of plant in the Loganiaceae family. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
Strychnos madagascariensis, the black monkey orange, is an African tropical and sub-tropical tree belonging to the Loganiaceae family. It is a tree with characteristically large fruit but can confused with some other species of the genus.
Strychnos toxifera, called bush rope and devil doer, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Strychnos, native to Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, the Guianas, Brazil, and Bolivia. It is the principal source of calabash or gourd curare.
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