| Stylidium squamosotuberosum | |
|---|---|
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| Flowers of Stylidium squamosotuberosum | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Stylidiaceae |
| Genus: | Stylidium |
| Species: | S. squamosotuberosum |
| Binomial name | |
| Stylidium squamosotuberosum | |
Stylidium squamosotuberosum is a species of plant in the genus Stylidium (also known as trigger plants). It was described in 1969 by Sherwin Carlquist. [1] Discovered in 1969. [2]
This species of plant is most common in Western Australia, found in Perth, Wardandi, Pibelmenm, Minang, Koreng and Kaneang and less common in Northern Territory of Australia. [3]
Stylidium is a genus of dicotyledonous plants that belong to the family Stylidiaceae. The genus name Stylidium is derived from the Greek στύλος or stylos, which refers to the distinctive reproductive structure that its flowers possess. Pollination is achieved through the use of the sensitive "trigger", which comprises the male and female reproductive organs fused into a floral column that snaps forward quickly in response to touch, harmlessly covering the insect in pollen. Most of the approximately 300 species are only found in Australia, making it the fifth largest genus in that country. Triggerplants are considered to be protocarnivorous or carnivorous because the glandular trichomes that cover the scape and flower can trap, kill, and digest small insects with protease enzymes produced by the plant. Recent research has raised questions as to the status of protocarnivory within Stylidium.
Stylidium scandens is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium. S. scandens is endemic to Australia and is found primarily in the southwestern region of Western Australia. This species, along with Stylidium nymphaeum, has a unique characteristic among triggerplants in that its leaves, five centimetres long, end in a recurved barb that can grab hold of other vegetation and scramble or climb up to 30–60 cm in height over other plants, which is how it obtained its common name. Its flowers are bright pink and about 15 mm wide.
Stylidium graminifolium, the grass triggerplant, is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium. This species used to belong to the Stylidium graminifolium complex, but the name was conserved for this single species when two others were split from the complex and introduced as new species in 2001. S. graminifolium is endemic to Australia and is one of the Stylidium species with the widest distribution throughout Australia. It is a perennial plant with grass-like leaves and is easily cultivated. It has been considered to be a carnivorous or protocarnivorous plant because it possesses glandular trichomes underneath the flowers that can trap and digest prey.
Oreostylidium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Stylidiaceae with a single species, Oreostylidium subulatum, that is endemic to New Zealand. O. subulatum is a very small plant with small, white flowers. It has a complicated botanical history that has led to a few proposals to move Oreostylidium to the related genus Stylidium. The researchers cite molecular data and suspect that this species is an extreme example of floral paedomorphosis. This would not be an unprecedented move since the single species was initially described as Stylidium subulatum in 1864 and later moved to its own genus by Sven Berggren in 1878. It possesses the same kind of glandular trichomes underneath the flower that make Stylidium species carnivorous plants, but it has not yet been tested for the presence of digestive enzymes.
Andersonia is a subgenus of Stylidium that is characterized by a linear hypanthium, recurved mature capsule walls, an erect and persistent septum, and many seeds. This subgenus occurs in areas of tropical northern Australia and into Southeast Asia and was named in honour of William Anderson, the surgeon and naturalist who sailed with James Cook.
Stylidium cordifolium is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium. It is an erect annual plant that grows from 15 to 45 cm tall. Obovate or orbicular leaves, about 8-40 per plant, are scattered along the stems. The leaves are generally 3.5–8 mm long and about as wide. This species lacks a scape but has cymose inflorescences that are 4–13 cm long. Flowers are pink or red. S. cordifolium is found throughout tropical Australia, including northern Western Australia, in its typical habitat of swamp margins or moist sandy creekbanks. It flowers in the southern hemisphere from March to August. S. cordifolium is most closely related to S. javanicum, which has smaller leaves, sepals, capsules, and seeds. S. javanicum and S. cordifolium also differ in their distribution with S. javanicum's range not extending to Australia. Its conservation status has been assessed as data deficient.
Stylidium tenerrimum is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium. It is an erect annual plant that grows from 4 to 30 cm tall. Linear, oblanceolate, or deltate leaves, about 5-24 per plant, are scattered along the stems. The leaves are generally 1.2-4.8 mm long and 0.3-0.8 mm wide. This species lacks a scape but has cymose inflorescences that are 4–11 cm long. Flowers are white and red. S. tenerrimum is found around Darwin in the Northern Territory of Australia and the Victoria River, though it hasn't been recollected there since the type location was chosen. Its typical habitat is sandy soils that remain moist, associated with grasses and sedges. It flowers in the southern hemisphere from April to August. S. tenerrimum is most closely related to S. alsinoides, though it differs by its asymmetrical petals. In his revision of the subgenus Andersonia in 2000, A.R. Bean placed S. evolutum into synonymy and noted that the type specimen of S. mitrasacmoides was not located and thus the application of this synonym is not certain. Tony Bean assessed this species' conservation status as data deficient in 2000.
Stylidium divergens is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium that was described as a new species in 2000. The specific epithet divergens means diverging or separating, referring to the widely spreading posterior petals. It is an erect annual plant that grows from 7 to 27 cm tall. Obovate, orbicular, or elliptical leaves, about 2-6 per plant, form a basal rosette. The leaves are generally 4–21 mm long and 3–5 mm wide. This species generally has one to six scapes and cymose inflorescences that are 4–24 cm long. Flowers are white or mauve. S. divergens is endemic to Kakadu National Park in the Northern Territory of Australia. Its typical habitats are sandstone slopes and gullies. It flowers in the southern hemisphere in April. S. divergens is most closely related to S. accedens. Its conservation status has been assessed as data deficient.
Stylidium tenerum, the swamp triggerplant, is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium that was described by Curt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel in 1826. Robert Brown had described this species in 1810 under the name S. tenellum, a name which had already been used for another species in 1805 by Olof Swartz. To add to the confusion, Rica Erickson had described and illustrated this taxon in 1958 under the name S. uliginosum, another currently accepted name for a related species.
Stylidium fimbriatum is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium. It is an erect annual plant that grows from 15 to 30 cm tall. Oblanceolate leaves, about 16 per plant, form a basal rosette around the compressed stems. The leaves are generally 5–20 mm long and 2–7 mm wide. This species generally has one or two scapes and cymose inflorescences that are 15–30 cm long. Flowers are pink with yellow highlights. S. fimbriatum's distribution is confined to the area around Bachsten Creek in the Kimberley region in Western Australia. Its typical habitat is herbfields that are seasonally wet.
Stylidium rotundifolium is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium. It is an erect annual plant that grows from 4 to 18 cm tall. Obovate or oblanceolate leaves, about 4-17 per plant, form a basal rosette around the compressed stem. The leaves are generally 5–29 mm long and 3–10 mm wide. This species generally has one to ten scapes and cymose inflorescences that are 4–18 cm long. Flowers are pink or white. S. rotundifolium's wide, sporadic distribution ranges from the Kimberley region in Western Australia east to northeastern Queensland with a significant population near Taroom, Queensland. Its typical habitats include damp sandy soils on creekbanks, receding waterholes, or Melaleuca woodlands. It flowers in the southern hemisphere from April to October. S. rotundifolium is most closely related to S. dunlopianum.
Stylidium fissilobum is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the genus Stylidium. It is an annual plant that grows from 5 to 50 cm tall. Linear or deltate leaves, about 4-34 per plant, are scattered along the elongate, glabrous stem. The leaves are generally 1–6 mm long and 0.3-0.7 mm wide. Petioles and scapes are absent. Inflorescences are 3–18 cm long. Flowers are pink, white, or mauve and bloom from March to July in the southern hemisphere. S. fissilobum's wide distribution ranges across northern Australia from the western Kimberley region and Northern Territory eastward as far as Mount Surprise in Queensland. Its habitat is recorded as being wet sands at swamp edges in association with grasslands and sedgelands. Due to its weak stem, this species often threads its way through supporting branches and leaves of the dense grass and sedge cover. S. fissilobum is most closely related to S. aquaticum and S. oviflorum. Its conservation status has been assessed as data deficient.
Levenhookia, also known as the styleworts, is a genus of ten recognized species in the family Stylidiaceae and is endemic to Australia. The genus is restricted to Western Australia almost exclusively with a few exceptions: L. pusilla's range extends into South Australia, L. dubia's range extends through South Australia into Victoria and New South Wales, L. sonderi is native only to Victoria, and L. chippendalei is also found in the Northern Territory.
Stylidium affine is a species in the genus Stylidium that is endemic to Western Australia.
Stylidium humphreysii is a species of trigger plant endemic to desert regions of Western Australia. American botanist Sherwin Carlquist named the species after West Australian amateur botanist Fred Humphreys.
Stylidium exappendiculatum is a species of dicotyledonous plant in the genus Stylidium.
Stylidium arenicola is a species of dicotyledon plant in the genus Stylidium. It was described in 1969 by Sherwin Carlquist.
Stylidium piliferum is a species of dicotyledonous plant from the genus Stylidium. It is found in Western Australia.
Stylidium schoenoides is a species of dicotyledon plant of the Stylidium genus, from Stylidiaceae family, Asterales order, first described by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1839. The plant is endemic to Western Australia.
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