Sumedang Larang Kingdom | |||||||||
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721–1620 | |||||||||
Capital | Kutamaya (now Sumedang) | ||||||||
Common languages | Sundanese | ||||||||
Religion | Islam | ||||||||
Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
Prabu | |||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Sumedang Larang became an independent state preceded the fall of Sunda Kingdom | 721 | ||||||||
1620 | |||||||||
Currency | Native gold and silver coins | ||||||||
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History of Indonesia |
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Timeline |
Indonesiaportal |
Sumedang Larang (Pegon: كراجأن سومدڠ لارڠ) is an Islamic Kingdom based in Sumedang, West Java. Its territory consisted of the Parahyangan region, before becoming a vassal state under the Mataram Sultanate.
This kingdom was founded in 721 AD by Prabu Tajimalela, descendant of the king Wretikandayun of Galuh Kingdom, in the former territory of Tembong Agung Kingdom. [2] This kingdom was also known as the Kingdom of Himbar Buana before changing its name to Sumedang Larang. [3] [4] Sumedang Larang status as part of the Sunda Kingdom and Galuh between the 8th century to the 16th century AD, where the ruler is under the ruler of the two kingdoms. [5] [6] The capital city of Sumedang Larang at the time of its establishment was in Citebong Girang, which is currently included in the Cikeusi, Darmaraja, Sumedang. [2] [7]
Islam began to develop in this region during the reign of Prince Santri (1530–1578 AD). [8] [9] During his reign, Sumedang Larang joined the Cirebon Sultanate. In 1578 AD, his son named Prince Angkawijaya received the inheritance Pajajaran and was crowned King of Sumedang Larang with the title Prabu Geusan Ulun, where this heirloom signifies Sumedang Larang as the legitimate successor of the Sunda Kingdom breed. [10] [11] According to Babad Sumedang, the Sumedang Larang area is bounded by Java Sea in the north, Cipamugas River in the west, Indian Ocean in the south, and Cipamali in the east. [12] [13] The Sunda kingdom itself collapsed in 1579 AD after Pulasari in Pandeglang was conquered by Maulana Yusuf of Banten ( Burak Pajajaran ). [14] [15]
The collapse of the Sunda Kingdom made the former territory divided between the Banten Sultanate in the west and the Cirebon Sultanate in the east. Due to the occurrence of The Harisbaya incident, Sumedang Larang under King Geusan Ulun in 1585 declared itself a sovereign state and separated from Cirebon. [16] [17] The independence of Sumedang Larang did not last long, only around 35 years. Due to the situation at that time which was relatively weak and squeezed between the three great powers (Banten, Cirebon, and Demak). Prabu Aria Suriadiwangsa in 1620 AD decided to join Mataram, where the status of Sumedang Larang was reduced from a kingdom to a regency under Mataram. [18] [19] [7]
West Java is an Indonesian province on the western part of the island of Java, with its provincial capital in Bandung. West Java is bordered by the province of Banten and the country's capital region of Jakarta to the west, the Java Sea to the north, the province of Central Java to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south. With Banten, this province is the native homeland of the Sundanese people, the second-largest ethnic group in Indonesia.
Bogor is a city in the West Java province, Indonesia. Located around 60 kilometers (37 mi) south of the national capital of Jakarta, Bogor is the 6th largest city in the Jakarta metropolitan area and the 14th overall nationwide. The city covers an area of 111.39 km2, and it had a population of 950,334 in the 2010 Census and 1,043,070 in the 2020 Census. The official estimate as at the end of 2023 was 1,127,408. Bogor is an important economic, scientific, cultural, and tourist center, as well as a mountain resort.
Sukabumi Regency is a regency (kabupaten) in southwestern Java, as part of West Java province of Indonesia. The regency seat is located in Palabuhan Ratu, a coastal district facing the Indian Ocean. The regency fully encircles the administratively separated city of Sukabumi. Covering an area of 4,164.15 km2, the regency is the largest regency in West Java and the second largest regency on Java after the Banyuwangi Regency in East Java. The regency had a population of 2,341,409 at the 2010 census and 2,725,450 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,802,404, with a large proportion of it living in the northeastern part of the regency that encircles Sukabumi City, south of Mount Gede. A plan to create a new regency, the putative North Sukabumi Regency, is currently waiting for the approval of the central government, which has been deferred until the end of the current morotorium on new creations of regencies.
Cirebon Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of West Java Province of Indonesia. The town of Sumber is its capital. It covers 1,076.76 km2 and had a population of 2,068,116 at the 2010 census and 2,270,621 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 2,360,441. These area and population figures exclude those of Cirebon City, which is an independent administration, although totally surrounded by the regency on its landward side.
Sunan Gunungjati (1448–1568) was one of the Wali Songo or nine saints of Islam revered in Indonesia. He founded the Sultanate of Banten and the Sultanate of Cirebon on the north coast of Java.
The Banten Sultanate was a Bantenese Islamic trading kingdom founded in the 16th century and centred in Banten, a port city on the northwest coast of Java; the contemporary English name of both was Bantam. It is said to have been founded by Sunan Gunungjati, who had previously founded Cirebon.
Kingdoms of Sunda refers to the monarchies of the Sundanese region prior to the establishment of Indonesia in 1945 AD. The history includes several eras:
Tarumanagara or Taruma Kingdom or just Taruma was an early Sundanese Indianised kingdom, located in western Java, whose 5th-century ruler, Purnawarman, produced the earliest known inscriptions in Java, which are estimated to date from around 450 CE.
The Sunda Kingdom was a Sundanese Hindu kingdom located in the western portion of the island of Java from 669 to around 1579, covering the area of present-day Banten, Jakarta, West Java, and the western part of Central Java. The capital of the Sunda Kingdom moved several times during its history, shifting between the Galuh (Kawali) area in the east and Pakuan Pajajaran in the west.
The Sultanate of Cirebon was an Islamic sultanate in West Java founded in the 15th century. It is said to have been founded by Sunan Gunungjati, as marked by his letter proclaiming Cirebon's independence from Pajajaran in 1482, although the settlement and the polity had been established earlier, in 1445. Sunan Gunungjati also established the Sultanate of Banten. It was one of the earliest Islamic states established in Java, along with the Sultanate of Demak.
Pakuan Pajajaran was the fortified capital city of Sunda Kingdom. The location roughly corresponds to modern Bogor city in West Java, Indonesia, approximately around the site of Batu Tulis. The site is revered as the spiritual home of Sundanese people as it contains much of the shared identity and history of Sundanese people.
The Galuh Kingdom was a medieval Sundanese kingdom located in the eastern part of Tatar Sunda, present-day Indonesia. It was established as a breakaway kingdom of the Tarumanagara around the 7th century. Traditionally the kingdom was associated with the Central & Eastern Parahyangan cultural regions, with territory spanning from Citarum River in the west, to Cipamali and Cisarayu River in the east. Its capital was first located in Karangkamulyan, Ciamis Regency, then Saunggalah, Kuningan and Kawali, north of present-day Ciamis. The etymology of "galuh" is Old Sundanese and Kawi word for "gemstone".
Sri Baduga Maharaja or Sang Ratu Jayadewata was the great king of the Hindu Sunda kingdom in West Java, reigned 1482 to 1521 from his capital in Pakuan Pajajaran. He brought his kingdom greatness and prosperity.
Parahyangan or Priangan is a cultural and mountainous region in West Java province on the Indonesian island of Java. Covering a little less than one-sixth of Java, it is the heartland of Sundanese people and their culture. It is bordered to the West by Banten province, to the North by the northern coast region of Subang, Cirebon, and Indramayu, to the east by Central Java province, and to the south by the Indian Ocean.
King Siliwangi or Prabu Siliwangi was a semi-legendary great king of the Hindu Sunda kingdom before the coming of Islam in West Java.
Pura ParahyanganAgung Jagatkarta often referred to simply as Pura Parahyangan is a Hindu temple of Nusantara located in Ciapus village, Tamansari subdistrict, Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia.
King Niskala Wastu Kancana also known as Prabu Raja Wastu or popularly known as Wastu Kancana was one of the great kings of the Sunda Kingdom reigning throughout most of the 15th century. He was the younger brother of Princess Pitaloka.
The history of Sunda Kingdom spanned almost a millennium, between 7th to 16th century. It is not sure however, whether the Sunda Kingdom was actually a continuous polity or not, nor whether its rulers belongs to a single continuous lineage of dynasty or not. This is because the scarcity of evidences, historical records and archaeological findings that plausibly connected to this kingdom.
Cirebon Sundanese is a variety of conversation in Sundanese in the ex-Residency of Cirebon and its surroundings, which includes Kuningan, Majalengka, Cirebon, Indramayu and Subang as well as Brebes in Central Java.
Pakuan City Football Club is an Indonesian football club based in Bogor, West Java. They currently compete in the Liga 3.