Synagris | |
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Male Synagris sp. | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Hymenoptera |
Family: | Vespidae |
Subfamily: | Eumeninae |
Genus: | Synagris Latreille, 1802 [1] |
Type species | |
Synagris cornuta |
Synagris is an Afrotropical genus of large potter wasps. Several Synagris wasps are strongly sexually dimorphic and males bear notable morphological secondary sexual traits including metasomal lamellar or angular protruding structures and hornlike or tusklike mandibular and/or clypeal projections.
The few species of Synagris with known biology are also notable for guarding their nests and even attending and feeding their larvae during their development (progressive provisioning), a primitively social behavior unusual among eumenines, which normally practice mass provisioning.
There are 3 subgenera and 24 species currently recognized, with many species formerly in the genus now removed to the genera Pseudagris and Rhynchagris . [2]
Subgenus Hypagrisde Saussure, 1855
Subgenus Paragrisde Saussure, 1855
Subgenus SynagrisLatreille, 1802
Potter wasps, the Eumeninae, are a cosmopolitan wasp group presently treated as a subfamily of Vespidae, but sometimes recognized in the past as a separate family, Eumenidae.
Eumenes is a genus of wasps in the subfamily Eumeninae. It is a large and widespread genus, with over 100 species and subspecies occurring worldwide. The genus was first proposed by Pierre André Latreille in 1802, with the type species later designated by Latreille in 1810. All species make jug-like nests out of mud, usually attached to twigs. The larvae are fed with caterpillars.
Monobia is a primarily neotropical genus of medium-sized to large potter wasps occurring from the United States to Argentina. This genus is very closely related to the genus Montezumia. It contains the following species:
Anterhynchium is an Afrotropical, Indomalayan, Australian and Palearctic genus of potter wasps. As in many species of wasp, female wasps defend against predation using a modified ovipositor to sting predators. Like some other wasps in the Vespidae family, male wasps can produce a "pseudo-sting" with two sharp spines on either side of their genitals; however, unlike in the females, this "sting" is venomless.
Australodynerus is an Australasian genus of potter wasps.
Delta is an Old World genus of potter wasps with species predominantly distributed through tropical Africa and Asia. Some species are present in the Palearctic region, and a few have been introduced in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. The members of this genus have a long metasomal petiole, like members of the genera Eumenes and Zeta.
Katamenes is a genus of potter wasps with species distributed in Europe and Africa. When originally named by Edmund Meade-Waldo, Katemenes was monotypic, containing only K. watsoni, but other species have since been moved from Eumenes to Katamenes.
Paraleptomenes is a primarily Indomalayan genus of potter wasps. There is a single species, Paraleptomenes miniatus, reported outside of the region, from the island of Mauritius in the Afrotropical region.
Knemodynerus is a genus of potter wasps distributed through the Palearctic, Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian regions. The species currently classified in the genus are:
Leptomenes is a mainly Afrotropical genus of potter wasps. It was previously a much larger genus, though many species have been transferred to other genera such as Eumenidiopsis, Stroudia, and Tachymenes.
Eumenidiopsis is an afrotropical genus of Afrotropical potter wasps with eight known species, which are set out below:
Eustenancistrocerus is an Afrotropical, Palearctic and Oriental genus of potter wasps. The species in this genus include:
Micreumenes is an Afrotropical genus of potter wasps with 30 described species.
Pareumenes is an Afrotropical, Palearctic and Oriental genus of potter wasps.
Pseudalastor is an Australian genus of potter wasps.
Zetheumenidion is a small afrotropical genus of potter wasps currently containing 11 species, one of them previously with two subspecies. The species are distributed through southern and eastern Africa.
Pseudonortonia is a fairly large genus of potter wasps with a rich Afrotropical fauna, as well as with several species which occur throughout the Palearctic and Indomalayan regions.
Rhynchagris is an Afrotropical genus of large potter wasps, formerly treated as a subgenus within Synagris.
Labus is an Indomalayan genus of potter wasps. It contains the following species:
Pseudagris is an Afrotropical genus of large potter wasps, formerly treated as a subgenus within Synagris.