The G4 nations, comprising Brazil,Germany,India,and Japan,are four countries which support each other's bids for permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council. Unlike the G7,where the common denominator is the economy and long-term political motives,the G4's primary aim is the permanent member seats on the Security Council. Each of these four countries have figured among the elected non-permanent members of the council since the UN's establishment. Their economic and political influence has grown significantly in the last decades,reaching a scope comparable to the permanent members (P5). However,the G4's bids are often opposed by the Uniting for Consensus movement,and particularly their economic competitors or political rivals.
Reform of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) encompasses five key issues:categories of membership,the question of the veto held by the five permanent members,regional representation,the size of an enlarged Council and its working methods,and the Security Council-General Assembly relationship. The Member States,regional groups and other Member State interest groupings developed different positions and proposals on how to move forward on this contested issue.
The Indian Foreign Service (IFS) is a diplomatic service and a central civil service of the Government of India under the Ministry of External Affairs. The Foreign Secretary is the head of the service. Vikram Misri is the 35th and the current Foreign Secretary.
France has been a member of the United Nations (UN) since its foundation in 1945 and is one of the five countries,alongside China,Russia,the United Kingdom,and the United States,that holds a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council (UNSC),which is responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
The United Nations has played an advisory role in maintaining peace and order in the Kashmir region soon after the independence and partition of British India into the dominions of Pakistan and India in 1947,when a dispute erupted between the two new States on the question of accession over the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. India took this matter to the UN Security Council,which passed resolution 39 (1948) and established the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP) to investigate the issues and mediate between the two new countries. Following the cease-fire of hostilities,it also established the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) to monitor the cease-fire line.
The Republic of India recognised Ukraine as a sovereign country in December 1991 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and established diplomatic relations in January 1992. The Indian Embassy in Kyiv was opened in May 1992 and Ukraine opened its Mission in New Delhi in February 1993. The Consulate General of India in Odesa functioned from 1962 until its closure in March 1999.
Ruchira Kamboj is a retired Indian Foreign Service officer of the 1987 batch,who last served as India's Permanent Representative to the United Nations from August 2022 to May 2024 until her retirement. She has previously served as High Commissioner of India to South Africa,first female Indian Ambassador to Bhutan and Ambassador/Permanent Representative of India to UNESCO,Paris.
India was among the charter members of the United Nations that signed the Declaration by United Nations at Washington,D.C.,on 1 January 1942 and also participated in the United Nations Conference on International Organization at San Francisco from 25 April to 26 June 1945. As a founding member of the United Nations,India strongly supports the purposes and principles of the UN and has made significant contributions in implementing the goals of the Charter,and the evolution of the UN's specialised programmes and agencies.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 426,adopted on 19 March 1978 at the 2075th meeting of the Security Council,is concerned with both the creation of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) and the duration of its mandate. It comes immediately after and complements Resolution 425,adopted during an earlier meeting on the same day.
Hardeep Singh Puri is an Indian politician and former Indian diplomat who is serving as 33rd Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas since 2021.
The Republic of Korea and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea were simultaneously admitted to the United Nations (UN) in 1991. On 8 August 1991,the UN Security Council passed Resolution 702,recommending both states to the General Assembly for membership. On 17 September 1991,the General Assembly admitted both countries under Resolution 46/1.
Malaysia became the 82nd member of the United Nations on 17 September 1957. Malaysia has held a rotational non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council for four terms,and has participated in over 30 United Nations peacekeeping missions since October 1960.
Asoke Kumar Mukerji is a former Indian diplomat and writer,who teaches diplomacy at the Diplo Foundation. He was a Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations from April 2013 to December 2015.
Syed Akbaruddin is a retired Indian diplomat from 1985 batch of the Indian Foreign Service and served as India's permanent representative at the United Nations at New York from January 2016 to April 2020. He had previously served as official spokesperson of India's Ministry of External Affairs from January 2012 to April 2015 and was Indian representative at IAEA from 2006 to 2011. He is currently serving as the dean of Kautilya School of Public Policy.
Linda Thomas-Greenfield is an American diplomat who serves as the United States ambassador to the United Nations under President Joe Biden. She served as the U.S. assistant secretary of state for African affairs from 2013 to 2017. Thomas-Greenfield then worked in the private sector as a senior vice president at business strategy firm Albright Stonebridge Group in Washington,D.C.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 was a 20 July 2015 resolution endorsing the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action on the nuclear program of Iran. It sets out an inspection process and schedule while also preparing for the removal of United Nations sanctions against Iran. The 15 nations on the Security Council unanimously endorsed the resolution,which had been negotiated by the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China,France,Russia,the United Kingdom,and the United States—plus Germany,the European Union,and Iran.
Vasily Alekseyevich Nebenzya is a Russian diplomat and the current Permanent Representative of Russia to the United Nations. His official title is Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
The Permanent Mission of India to the United Nations is the formal title of the Indian delegation to the United Nations (UN). India was among the founding members of the United Nations and signed the Declaration by United Nations on 1 January 1942. India also participated in the United Nations Conference on International Organization and Diwan Bahadur Sir Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar signed the United Nations Charter on India's behalf.
The Republic of Kazakhstan became a member of the United Nations on March 2,1992. Kazakhstan was elected to serve on the UN Security Council for the 2017–2018 term. UN Secretary-General António Guterres in remarks to the UNSC recognized Kazakhstan's work to rid the world of weapons of mass destruction and global non-proliferation efforts.
Vanessa Frazier is a Maltese diplomat currently serving as Permanent Representative of Malta to the United Nations.
