Taebaek Line | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Overview | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Native name | 태백선(太白線) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status | Operational | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Owner | Korea Rail Network Authority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locale | North Chungcheong Gangwon | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Termini |
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Stations | 21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Service | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Heavy rail, Passenger/Freight Regional rail | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operator(s) | Korail | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
History | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opened | Stages between 1955-1973 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Line length | 104.1 km (64.7 mi) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of tracks | Double track(Jecheon–Ipseok-ri) Single track(Ipseok-ri–Baeksan) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrification | 25 kV/60 Hz AC Catenary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Taebaek Line | |
Hangul | 태백선 |
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Hanja | 太白線 |
Revised Romanization | Taebaekseon |
McCune–Reischauer | T'aebaeksŏn |
Taebaek Line is a single-track electrified railway mainline connecting Jecheon station to Baeksan station in South Korea. At its two ends,the Taebaek Line connects to the Jungang Line and Yeongdong Line. The line was originally two spur lines,which were built across difficult mountainous terrain in stages,before a connection was built. The line includes the steepest section of the South Korean network,a short parallel line that is operated as a second track on the section includes South Korea's longest spiral tunnel. The centerpiece of the last-built section west of Taebaek,is a tunnel that was the longest in South Korea at the time of its construction,and Chujeon Station at the eastern end of the tunnel is the highest altitude in South Korea at 855 m (2,805 ft). In passenger traffic,the line is served by cross-country passenger trains connecting the capital Seoul with Korea's east coast. In freight traffic,while coal transport declined,the line carries significant cement transport. In the winter,regular special trains take tourists along the scenic route.
This line was originally planned by the privately owned Chosen Railway as an extension of its Chungbuk Line;however,the end of Japanese rule in Korea led to this plan being abandoned for many years. In 1949,the Economic Cooperation Administration,the United States government agency administering the Marshall Plan,also launched a plan to revive South Korea's economy,which included the construction of new railway lines. [1] One new line under the plan was a 60.4 km (37.5 mi) line from Jecheon to the coal mines around Yeongwol and Hambaek to the east. [1] Construction started in August 1949,but was interrupted by the Korean War in 1950,work resumed in October 1952. [1] The Jecheon–Yeongwol section,with an original length of 38.1 km (23.7 mi), [1] went into service as the Yeongwol Line on December 30,1955. On March 9,1957,the line was extended by 22.6 km (14.0 mi) to Hambaek,and was renamed the Hambaek Line. [2]
Following the 1961 coup,the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction started South Korea's first five-year plan,which included a construction program to complete the railway network,to foster economic growth. [3] One of the first lines completed under the plan was the Hwangji Branchline,which would later become the eastern end of the Taebaek Line. [3] The 9.0 km (5.6 mi) long spur from Baeksan on the Cheoram Line (today the Yeongdong Line) to Hwangji (renamed Taebaek in 1984) opened on December 20,1962. [3] Another project under the five-year plan was a 41.6 km (25.8 mi) railway between Yemi on the Hambaek Line and Jeongseon. [3] The section climbing the mountains around Hambaek to Jeongsan (renamed Mindungsan in 2009),which would later become part of the Taebaek Line,was completed on December 19,1966,and the entire railway from Jecheon to Jeongseon was renamed the Jeongseon Line,with the short Yemi–Hambaek branch retaining the Hambaek Line name. [3] A 1,147 m (3,763 ft) long track section on the climb after Yemi is the steepest on South Korea's network at 30.3‰. [4] Also on December 19,1966,a 10.7 km (6.6 mi) branch from Jeongsan to Gohan opened [5] as the Gohan Line,which would also become part of the future Taebaek Line. [3] The Jeongseon Line was completed to Jeongseon on January 20,1967;this section and its later extensions form the present-day Jeongseon Line. [3]
The 15.0 km (9.3 mi) long gap between the Gohan and Hwangji branch lines was plugged on October 16,1973,when the entire railway from Jecheon to the junction with the Yeongdong Line at Baeksan was renamed the Taebaek Line. [5] The centerpiece of the last section was the 4,505 m (14,780 ft) long Jeongam Tunnel, [5] which was the longest in South Korea before the opening of longer tunnels on the Jeolla Line and the Gyeongbu High Speed Railway,and Chujeon Station at the eastern end of the tunnel is the one on the highest altitude in South Korea at 855 m (2,805 ft) above the sea. [6]
The line was among the first foreseen for electrification with the 25 kV/60 Hz system in South Korea. [7] Works started in 1972,already before the Taebaek Line was completed and officially renamed. [6] The first trial run under the new voltage system in South Korea was conducted with a Class 8000 electric locomotive on the Jeongsan–Gohan section,then called the Gohan Line,on June 9,1972. [8] Regular electric service started on the 80.1 km (49.8 mi) long Jecheon–Gohan section on June 20,1974. [7] The rest of the line was electrified together with the section of the connecting Yeongdong Line until Donghae on the east coast,altogether 85.5 km (53.1 mi),on December 5,1975. [7] At the same time,the Taebaek Triangle Line,a 0.8 km (0.50 mi) connection built for trains from Jecheon to Donghae to run without reversal at Baeksan,was also put in service. [9]
To improve traffic on the steep climb from Yemi to Jodong,the Hambaek Line was extended to Jodong to provide a second track. The altitude difference was mastered with a spiral tunnel,the Hambaek 1 Tunnel,which was South Korea's longest spiral tunnel at 2,450 m (8,038 ft). [4] The altogether 4.2 km (2.6 mi) long Hambaek–Jodok link [9] was completed on December 30,1976. The electrification of altogether 15.9 km (9.9 mi) around the Hambaek Line went into service on April 1,1977. [7]
In September 2006,the construction of a 14.3km double-track railway between Jecheon and Ipseok-ri began to cope with the increasing amount of cement transport. The project,which has been under construction for seven years,cost 387.4 billion won and opened on November 14,2013.
For passenger transportation,the Taebaek Line is operated by Mugunghwa-ho. According to the timetable,which is effective from Sept. 26,2024,it will run about five round trips along the entire route from Monday to Sunday,with travel time ranging from 1 hour 42 minutes to 1 hour 44 minutes depending on the number of stops. Only four round trips will reach the Taebaek Line by connecting Cheongnyangni Station in the capital Seoul with Donghae Station on the east coast of Korea. The Cheongnyangni-Taebaek travel time ranges from 3 hours 16 minutes to 3 hours 42 minutes depending on the number of stops.
The Jecheon–Mindungsan section is also served by two pairs of daily trains running between Jecheon and Auraji on the Jeongseon Line. On every 2nd,7th,12th,17th,22nd and 27th day of the month,one of these train pairs is extended to run between Cheongnyangni and Auraji as the "Jeongseon 5-Day Market Train",to transport passengers to and from the Jeongseon 5-Day Market. [10]
In 1998,Korean National Railroad (today Korail) introduced special tourist trains operating in the winter months,identified by a snowflake decoration,which enjoyed great popularity. [11] Most of these trains also traverse the Taebaek Line. By the 2009/2010 season,the offer expanded to a dozen different tour packages,including trips to single destinations combined with local excursions,as well as round trips in the Taebaek Mountains along the Jungang,Taebaek,Jeongseon and Yeongdong Lines. [12]
According to Korail's plans in 2009,travel times on the Taebaek Line are to be reduced after 2013 with the future series version of the Tilting Train Express. [13] However,the deployment of the Tilting Train Express was canceled,and from September 1,2023,a new train called ITX-MAUM was replaced by a one-way round trip.
The line is also carries significant freight transport. The line was originally built primarily to serve coal mines along it,but coal transport declined in the nineties when the government rationalised the coal industry and closed down mines in the region. [6] [11] In the 2000s,cement transport from Ssangyong brings significant freight traffic to the line.
July 22,2014,two passenger trains collided head-on between Taebaek and Mungok stations,killing one person and injuring 92 others. It was suspected that one of them missed a traffic signal. The accident occurred on a single-track railway and a tourist train was supposed to have temporarily stopped to let a commuter train leave. [14]
Gangwon State,is a Special Self-Governing Province of South Korea. It is known as the largest and least densely populated subdivision of South Korea. Gangwon is one of the three provinces in South Korea with special self-governing status,the others being Jeju Province and Jeonbuk State. Gangwon is bordered on the east by the Sea of Japan,it borders Gyeonggi Province to the west,North Gyeongsang Province and North Chungcheong Province to the south,and the Military Demarcation Line to the north,separating it from North Korea. In the 1945 division of Korea,the historical Gangwon Province was divided in half,and remains so to this day.
The Korea Railroad Corporation is the national railway operator in South Korea. It is branded as KORAIL (코레일) and changed its official Korean name in November 2019. Currently,KORAIL is a public corporation,managed by Ministry of Land,Infrastructure and Transportation.
The Jeolla Line (Korean: 전라선) is a railway line in North and South Jeolla Provinces in South Korea. The line is served by frequent passenger trains from Seoul to Yeosu.
The Chungbuk Line is a railway line serving North Chungcheong Province in South Korea. The line connects Jochiwon on the Gyeongbu Line to Bongyang on the Jungang Line,serving the major cities of Cheongju and Chungju en route. Cheongju International Airport is located near the rail line.
The Jungang line is a railway line connecting Cheongnyangni in Seoul to Moryang in Gyeongju in South Korea,traversing central South Korea from the northwest to the southeast. It is also referred to as the rail line of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway from Yongsan station to Jipyeong station. The section from Cheongnyangni to Dodam was designated as a semi-high-speed railway.
The Gyeongbuk Line (Korean: 경북선) is a railway line serving North Gyeongsang Province in South Korea. The line runs from Gimcheon on the Gyeongbu Line via Sangju,Jeomchon,and Yecheon to Yeongju on the Jungang Line.
The Gyeongchun Line is a regional rail line between Seoul and Chuncheon,South Korea,operated by Korail. Its name is derived from Gyeong and Chuncheon. It was completely reconstructed in the 2000s. Service on it has operated between Sangbong station on the Jungang Line in eastern Seoul and Chuncheon station,as part of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system,since December 21,2010. A class of regional rail service named ITX-Cheongchun began operations on February 28,2012,linking Chuncheon to Cheongnyangni and Yongsan Stations.
The Daegu Line (Korean: 대구선) is a railway line in South Korea. The line connects Gacheon station on the Gyeongbu Line in Daegu to Yeongcheon on the Jungang Line. The line is served by frequent passenger trains between Seoul,Dongdaegu,and Gyeongju,Pohang and Ulsan.
The Yeongdong Line is a line of Korail. It connects Yeongju in North Gyeongsang Province with Gangneung in Gangwon Province. From Yeongju,it crosses the Taebaek Mountains and reaches the Sea of Japan at Donghae,thence proceeding north to Gangneung.
The Mugunghwa-ho (Korean: 무궁화호) is a class of train operated by Korail,the main railway operator of South Korea. Mugunghwa trains are Korail's slowest tier of trains stopping at a number of towns and villages,and operating over a number of lines that are not served by other trains. Journey times are generally twice that of KTX trains and 25% longer than ITX express trains.
Rail transport in South Korea is a part of the transport network in South Korea and an important mode of the conveyance of people and goods,though railways play a secondary role compared to the road network. The network consists of 4,285 km (2,663 mi) of standard-gauge lines connecting all major cities with the exception of Jeju City on Jeju Island,which does not have railways;of the network,2,790 km (1,730 mi) are double-tracked and 3,187 km (1,980 mi) are electrified. In 2018,rails carried 11.5 percent of all traffic in South Korea –134.8 million passengers and 30.9 million tonnes of freight –with roads carrying 88.3 percent.
Cheongnyangni Station (Korean: 청량리역) is a major railway station located at Dongdaemun District,Seoul,South Korea. It serves as a terminus for passenger trains serving the eastern part of South Korea. KTX,ITX-Cheongchun,and Mugunghwa-ho trains terminate or stop at this station. Several Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines serve the station:Seoul Subway Line 1,the Gyeongchun Line,the Suin–Bundang Line and the Gyeongui–Jungang Line.
Tilting Train Express (TTX) or Hanvit 200 is a South Korean experimental tilting train,which was tested by the Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI).
High-speed rail service in South Korea began with the construction of a high-speed line from Seoul to Busan in 1992,and was inspired by Japan's Shinkansen. The first commercial high-speed rail service was launched on 1 April 2004. Currently,South Korea hosts two high-speed rail operators:Korea Train eXpress (KTX) and Super Rapid Train (SRT).
Jecheon station is a railway station in the city of Jecheon. It is on the Jungang Line and the Taebaek Line. This station is also served by all Chungbuk Line passenger services. Currently,passenger trains stop 56 weekdays and 58 holidays,and cargo transportation such as cement in Danyang and Yeongwol and coal in Taebaek accounts for a large proportion.
O-Train was a South Korean sightseeing train operated by Korail. The train began operations in 2013 and transports tourists from Seoul,in a circular route,through South Korea's central inland region and back to Seoul.
Jeongdongjin station (Korean: 정동진역) is a railway station on the Yeongdong Line of Korail,the station closest to the beach in South Korea,and a popular cross country train destination from Seoul,for sunrise viewing. It is claimed to be listed in the Guinness World Records as being the closest station and tracks to a beach anywhere in the world.
The Intercity Train eXpress-Saemaeul abbreviated as ITX-Saemaeul (Korean: ITX-새마을) is a class of train operated by Korail,the national railroad of South Korea,it was introduced on May 12,2014,to replace the Saemaeul-ho. The new ITX-Saemaeul trains have a faster average speed of 150 kilometers per hour. The name was taken from the Saemaul Undong after a public competition to determine the new train's name.
National Route 38 is a national highway in South Korea connects Seosan to Donghae. It established on 31 August 1971.
Nuriro (Korean: 누리로) is a class of train operated by Korail,the national railroad of South Korea,it was introduced on June 1,2009,to replace the short-range Mugunghwa-ho. The train was introduced as a replacement for the Bidulgi-ho/Tongil-ho/Mugunghwa-ho operating system between Seoul and Onyangoncheon,and will replace the short-range Mugunghwa-ho when a new train comes in. However,due to various problems,it is currently operating in Yeongdong Line and Jungang Line as a replacement for Mugunghwa-ho.