Gyeongui Line | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Overview | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Native name | 경의선 (京義線) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Owner | Korea Rail Network Authority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locale | Seoul Goyang Paju | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Termini | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stations | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Service | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Heavy rail, Passenger/Freight Regional rail | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operator(s) | Korail | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depot(s) | Munsan, Goyang | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opened | November 5, 1905 (actual opening) April 1, 1908 (passenger service) July 1, 2009 (Seoul Metropolitan Subway service) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Line length | 56.1 km (34.9 mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of tracks | Double track (Seoul - Munsan) Single track | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrification | 25 kV/60 Hz AC Catenary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Gyeongui Line | |
Hangul | 경의선 |
---|---|
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Gyeonguiseon |
McCune–Reischauer | Kyŏngŭisŏn |
The Gyeongui Line is a railway line between Seoul Station and Dorasan Station in Paju. Korail operates the Seoul Metropolitan Subway service between Seoul Station and Dorasan Station.
For the original line's history and other information prior to 1945,see Gyeongui Line (1904–1945).
Originally the line continued to P'yŏngyang and Sinŭiju,where it connected to the South Manchuria Railway,linking the Korean railway system to the rest of Asia and Europe.
The Korean Empire intended to build the Gyeongui Line itself at the end of the 19th century,but a shortage of funding resulted in the project's suspension. [1] The Empire of Japan,which gained a concession to build the Gyeongbu Line from Busan to Seoul,also sought to gain control of the Gyeongui Line project as its continuation further north,recognizing the trunk route as a means to keep Korea under its influence. [1] The line was also advanced for military considerations in expectation of a confrontation with Russia,which came in 1904 as the Russo-Japanese War. [1] At the start of the war,Japan ignored Korea's declaration of neutrality and transported troops to Incheon,and forced the Korean government to sign an agreement that gave Japan's military control of railway projects if deemed necessary for military operations. [1] Japan's military began to build the Gyeongui Line,while troop bases were established in connection with the railway,the biggest of them next to the terminus of the line,Yongsan Station in Seoul. [1]
Freight service on the entirety of the Gyeongui Line was started on April 3,1906. [2]
After the division of Korea in 1945,trains stopped operating between the north and south halves of the country,meaning that southern trains probably terminated at Kaesŏng,which is now in North Korea but was at the time part of the US-administered southern zone. Northern trains would have terminated north of Kaesŏng.
After the end of the Korean War in 1953,southern trains were cut back to around Munsan (north of Seoul),with northern trains terminating at Kaesŏng. Around the same time,North Korea renamed the P'yŏngyang-Kaesŏng section of the line as the P'yŏngbu (P'yŏngyang + Busan) Line and the P'yŏngyang-Sinŭiju section as the P'yŏngŭi (P'yŏngyang + Sinŭiju) Line. The DPRK sector is now 100% electrified,although the double track section spans only from Pyongyang to Sunan Airport.
Since the summit between the two Koreas in 2000,an effort has slowly been underway to reconnect the Gyeongui Line. [3] Southern passenger service has been extended to Dorasan on the edge of the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and tracks have been built across the DMZ itself. In October 2004,the Northern connection from the DMZ to Kaesŏng was finally completed. Simultaneous test runs along the rebuilt cross-border sections of both the Gyeongui Line and the Donghae Bukbu Line were set for May 25,2006,but North Korean military authorities cancelled the plans a day ahead of the scheduled event. [3] However,at a meeting held in Pyongyang,North Korea,on April 22,2007,North and South Korea agreed to restart the project. [3] On May 17,2007,the first train,carrying North and South Korean delegations,travelled from Munsan Station in the South to Kaesong in the North. [4] The first test run on the Donghae Bukbu Line took place at the same time. [3] According to South Korean representatives,the North has agreed in principle to regular passenger and freight service along the two train lines. [5] On 30 November 2018 an engineers' inspection train from South Korea crossed the border at Dorasan for an assessment,conducted jointly with North Korean officials,of the North's Kaesong to Sinuiju (P'yŏngŭi) line,and rail routes northwards from Mount Kumgang.[ citation needed ]
Meanwhile,work began to upgrade the South Korean section for high-capacity commuter services. Between Seoul and Munsan,the line is converted into an electrified,double-tracked railway in a new,straighter,48.6 km long alignment. [6] Work began in November 1999,with a budget originally estimated at 1,970 billion won. [7] The section from Digital Media City (DMC) to Munsan was finished on July 1,2009. [6] The remaining section will be mostly underground between Gajwa Station in northwestern Seoul to Yongsan Station in downtown Seoul. [6] As of 2009,construction progress on the entire Seoul–Munsan section reached 74% of a total budget then estimated at 2,153.271 billion won. [6] The section is to be finished by 2014 [8] and the freed area on the surface was reconstructed into a park known as the Gyeongui Line Forest Park. [9]
The line is to be further upgraded for 230 kilometres per hour (140 mph),as part of a government strategic plan to reduce travel times for 95% of Korea to under 2 hours by 2020,which was announced on September 1,2010. [10]
The Gyeongui–Jungang Line (Munsan–Imjingang) extension opened on March 28,2020. [11]
The Gyeongui Line opened as a part Seoul Metropolitan Subway on July 1,2009 from Seoul to Munsan. The line connects Seoul,Digital Media City,Ilsan,Paju,and Munsan,and offers transfers to Line 3,Line 6,and AREX.
The main line terminated at Digital Media City Station when first opened,while a separate branch continued to Seoul Station. On December 15,2012,the main line was extended to Gongdeok Station,providing transfers to Line 2 and Line 5. On December 27,2014,the main line service was further extended to Yongsan Station from Gongdeok Station,and the service was renamed to the Gyeongui–Jungang Line following the merging of the line with the Jungang Line.
The term "subway" in reference to this line is somewhat of a misnomer,as the line runs underground for less than three percent of its length. The upgraded line simply follows alignment of the old line built 100 years ago. The outer portion of the line runs largely through countryside rice paddies,forests,and vegetable fields,and outside of Seoul rarely enters urbanized areas. It is mostly at-grade,and includes several at-grade crossings with local roads,where Korail employees stand by on duty to stop traffic.
Before the integration with the subway system,the most common service on the line was a Tonggeun train service between Seoul and Imjingang,with one Saemaeul-ho train. Since the line was integrated with the Seoul Subway system,Tonggeun service had been restricted to a few stations in the north,from Munsan to Imjingang,with a few continuing on to Dorasan,near the North Korean border.
There is a depot for Korea Train Express (KTX) trains along the Gyeongui Line at Haengsin Station. [12] Some KTX services thus continue beyond Seoul respective Yongsan Station and terminate at Haengsin Station. [13]
The line may see more KTX service after the upgrade for 230 km/h considered in the government's strategic plan for 2020. [10]
This list does not include stations served only by Gyeongui-Jungang Line services.
Station number (Seoul Subway) | Station | Hangul | Hanja | Services |
---|---|---|---|---|
P313 | Seoul | 서울 | Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Gyeongbu HSR Gyeongbu ITX-Saemaeul services Mugunghwa-ho services DMZ Train | |
K320 | Haengsin | 행신 | 幸 信 | Gyeongbu HSR Honam HSR Gyeongbu Honam Gyeongjeon Jeolla |
K335 | Munsan | 문산 | 汶 山 | DMZ Train |
K336 | Uncheon | 운천 | 雲 泉 | |
K337 | Imjingang | 임진강 | 臨 津 江 | |
K338 | Dorasan | 도라산 | 都 羅 山 |
The Korea Railroad Corporation (Korean: 한국철도공사;Hanja: 韓國鐵道公社,branded as KORAIL,is the national railway operator in South Korea. Currently,KORAIL is a public corporation,managed by Ministry of Land,Infrastructure and Transportation.
The Jungang line is a railway line connecting Cheongnyangni in Seoul to Moryang in Gyeongju in South Korea,traversing central South Korea from the northwest to the southeast. It is also referred to as the rail line of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway from Yongsan station to Jipyeong station. The section from Cheongnyangni to Dodam was designated as a semi-high-speed railway.
The Gyeongchun Line is a regional rail line between Seoul and Chuncheon,South Korea,operated by Korail. Its name is derived from Gyeong and Chuncheon. It was completely reconstructed in the 2000s. Service on it has operated between Sangbong station on the Jungang Line in eastern Seoul and Chuncheon station,as part of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system,since December 21,2010. A class of regional rail service named ITX-Cheongchun began operations on February 28,2012,linking Chuncheon to Cheongnyangni and Yongsan Stations.
Seoul Station (Korean: 서울역) is a major railway station in Seoul,the capital of South Korea. The station is served by the Korail Intercity Lines and the commuter trains of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway.
Yongsan Station is a major railway station in the Yongsan District of Seoul,South Korea. The station adjoins the Yongsan Electronics Market. The station is the terminus for high-speed and long-distance trains on a number of railway lines,including most trains on the Honam Line,its high-speed counterpart,and all trains on the Janghang and Jeolla Lines.
The Donghae Bukbu Line is a former railway line that connected the present-day city of Anbyon in Kangwon Province,North Korea,with Yangyang,Gangwon Province,South Korea. Since the division of Korea it has only carried trains for a brief period during 2007/8. The line originally connected to the Gyeongwon Line running from Gyeongseong to Wonsan.
Imjingang Station (Korean: 임진강역) is a railway station on the Gyeongui–Jungang Line.
Rail transport in South Korea is a part of the transport network in South Korea and an important mode of the conveyance of people and goods,though railways play a secondary role compared to the road network. The network consists of 4,285 km (2,663 mi) of standard-gauge lines connecting all major cities with the exception of Jeju City on Jeju Island,which does not have railways;of the network,2,790 km (1,730 mi) are double-tracked and 3,187 km (1,980 mi) are electrified. In 2018,rails carried 11.5 percent of all traffic in South Korea –134.8 million passengers and 30.9 million tonnes of freight –with roads carrying 88.3 percent.
Cheongnyangni Station (Korean: 청량리역) is a major railway station located at Dongdaemun-gu,Seoul,South Korea. It serves as a terminus for passenger trains serving the eastern part of South Korea. KTX,ITX-Cheongchun,and Mugunghwa-ho trains terminates or stops at this station. Several Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines serve the station. These are:Seoul Subway Line 1,the Gyeongchun Line,the Suin–Bundang Line and the Gyeongui–Jungang Line.
Dorasan Station (Korean: 도라산역) is a railway station situated on the Gyeongui–Jungang Line,which formerly connected North Korean and South Korean rail systems and has since been restored. Dorasan station is located approximately 650 meters from the southern boundary of the Korean Demilitarized Zone and is currently the northern terminus of Korail's Gyeongui-Jungang Line,which is served by Shuttle Service to Imjingang Station. North of here the former Gyeongui Line continues as the Korean State Railway's P'yŏngbu Line,but this connection is not in regular service. The current purpose of the station is largely symbolic of the hope for eventual Korean reunification.
The P'yŏngŭi Line is an electrified main trunk line of the Korean State Railway of North Korea,running from P'yŏngyang to Sinŭiju on the border with China. It is the main corridor for overland traffic between North Korea and China,and is one of the country's most important rail lines. A bridge over the Yalu River connects Sinŭiju to the Chinese city of Dandong and the Shendan Line of the China Railway to Shenyang and Chinese points beyond.
Munsan Station (Korean: 문산역) is a railway station on the Gyeongui–Jungang Line. It is notable for being the closest station on the Seoul Metropolitan Subway to the border with North Korea that is open for passenger service,only a few kilometers away.
P'anmun station is a railway station located in the Kaesŏng Industrial Region,North Hwanghae province,North Korea. It is located on the P'yŏngbu Line,which was formed from part of the Kyŏngŭi Line to accommodate the shift of the capital from Seoul to P'yŏngyang.
Kaesŏng station is a railway station located in Kaesŏng,North Hwanghae province,North Korea. It is on located on the P'yŏngbu Line,which was formed from part of the Kyŏngŭi Line to accommodate the shift of the capital from Seoul to P'yŏngyang;though this line physically connects P'yŏngyang to Pusan via Dorasan,in operational reality trains terminate here due to the Korean Demilitarized Zone.
The P'yŏngbu Line is an electrified standard-gauge trunk line of the Korean State Railway running from P'yŏngyang to Kaesŏng in North Korea and further south across the DMZ to Seoul in South Korea;the name comes from the two (theoretical) termini of the line:P'yŏngyang and Busan.
High-speed rail service in South Korea began with the construction of a high-speed line from Seoul to Busan in 1992,and was inspired by Japan's Shinkansen. The first commercial high-speed rail service was launched on 1 April 2004. Currently,South Korea hosts two high-speed rail operators:Korea Train eXpress (KTX) and Super Rapid Train (SRT).
The Korea Rail Pass,also commonly called the KR Pass,is a rail pass offered by Korail,the national railway operator of South Korea. The pass is offered exclusively to foreign visitors and is valid for most of the rail lines operated by Korail in the designated period,including KTX,the high-speed railway in South Korea. However,the pass is not valid for subways and tourist trains,even when they are also operated by Korail.
The Gyeongui–Jungang Line is a commuter rail service of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system,operating on trackage from the Gyeongui Line and the Jungang Line.
DMZ Train is a South Korean excursion train operated by Korail. The train began operations in 2014 and transports tourists from Seoul to train terminals closest to the Korean Demilitarized Zone. The service was suspended in 2019 and has not yet resumed operation. Due to the aging issue of the trains,the DMZ Train ended its operation on 28 December 2023.
The Gyeongui Line was a railway line of the Chosen Government Railway running from Keijōto Sinuiju in Korea,Empire of Japan. After the partition of Korea in 1945,the line was divided between North and South Korea.
Media related to Gyeongui Line at Wikimedia Commons