Tafsir refers to exegesis, usually of the Quran. An author of a tafsir is a mufassir. A Quranic tafsir attempts to provide elucidation, explanation, interpretation, context or commentary for clear understanding and conviction of God's will in Islam.
A juzʼ is one of thirty parts of varying lengths into which the Quran is divided. It is also known as parah in Iran and subsequently the Indian subcontinent. There are 30 ajzāʼ in the Quran, also known as سِپَارَہ – sipārah.
Esoteric interpretation of the Quran is the allegorical interpretation of the Quran or the quest for its hidden, inner meanings. The Arabic word taʾwīl was synonymous with conventional interpretation in its earliest use, but it came to mean a process of discerning its most fundamental understandings. "Esoteric" interpretations do not usually contradict the conventional interpretations; instead, they discuss the inner levels of meaning of the Quran.
Tafsir al-Qurtubi is a 13th-century work of Qur'an exegesis by the classical scholar Al-Qurtubi. Considered one of the best and most iconic tafsirs to date. The tafsir of Al-Qurtubi is regarded as one of the most compendious exegesis of them all and is truly among the most popular. Tafsir al-Qurtubi is also known as Al-Jami' li Ahkam al-Qur'an as its name suggests.
Mafatih al-Ghayb, usually known as al-Tafsir al-Kabir, is a classical Islamic tafsir book, written by the twelfth-century Islamic theologian and philosopher Fakhruddin Razi (d.1210). The book is an exegesis and commentary on the Qur'an. At 32 volumes, it is even larger than the 28-volume Tafsir al-Tabari. It is not unusual for modern works to use it as a reference.
One of [his] major concerns was the self-sufficiency of the intellect. [...] [He] believed [that] proofs based on tradition (hadith) could never lead to certainty (yaqin) but only to presumption (zann), a key distinction in Islamic thought. [...] [However] his acknowledgment of the primacy of the Qur'an grew with his years. [...] [Al-Razi's rationalism] undoubtedly holds an important place in the debate in the Islamic tradition on the harmonization of reason and revelation. In his later years, he also showed interest in mysticism, although this never formed a significant part of his thought.
Al-Durr Al-Manthur Fi Tafsir Bil-Ma'thur is a Sunni tafsir written by the prominent Imam Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (d. 911 AH, who also co-wrote the Tafsir al-Jalalayn. The exegesis explains each passage of the Qur'an by the reports and narrations from the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his companions and the immediate generations following the Companions. Suyuti compiled all the reports and narrations that he could gather for each particular passage.
Tanwir al-Miqbas, fully known as Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas is a book of Tafsir; comprising exegesis and interpretation of the Qur'an. The book contains narrations of disputed authenticity which are attributed to the 7th-century Islamic scholar and Sahabi, Ibn Abbas. It was first compiled by the Persian Islamic scholar, Firuzabadi.
Rūh al-Ma'ānī fī Tafsīri-l-Qur'āni-l-'Aẓīm wa Sab'u-l-Mathānī is a 30-volume tafsir of the Qur'an, authored by the 19th-century Iraqi Islamic scholar Mahmud al-Alusi.
Majma‘ al-Bayan fi-Tafsir al-Qur'an is a tafsir by the 12th century Imami scholar and author Shaykh Tabarsi.
Al-Bayan Fi Tafsir al-Quran(The Elucidation of the Exegesis of The Qur'an and sometimes entitled The Prolegomena to the Quran) is a tafsir by the Shiite scholar Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei. The book has been cited by Sunni scholars.
At-Tibyan Fi Tafsir al-Quran is an exegesis of the Quran in ten volumes written by Shaykh Tusi. Shaykh Tabarsi, the author of Majma' al-Bayan, admitted using this book in writing his commentary. A copy is available at the Malek Library, Tehran. This exegesis has been published along with its summary as Mukhtasar-ut-Tibyan. The author uses hadith as a major component in writing his commentary and preserves the traditions of several of Twelver Shi'i imams.
Tafsir Nemooneh is a tafsir written by Naser Makarem Shirazi and other authors working under his supervision in 27 volumes. The commentators are said to have targeted the contemporary era and related social issues.
Tafsir Safi is an exegesis of the Qur'an written by 17th century Shia scholar Mohsen Fayz Kashani. This commentary on the Qur'an mostly cites from the Twelve Imams and may be classified as a work on hadith. It belongs to an era when most tafsirs relied "heavily on polemical hadith tradition buttressed by the accumulated wealth of hagiography and the euphoria of power after a long history of frustration" imposed on the Shias.
Tafsir Furat Kufi is an exegesis of the Quran by Furat Ibn Furat Ibn Ibrahim al-Kufi and is one of the oldest Shia Quranic commentaries, basing itself upon hadith. The traditions used by this book are mainly narrated either from Muhammad al-Baqir, Jafar al-Sadiq or Ali's disciples such as `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and Asbagh Ibn Nubata; although there are some that relate to one of the companions of Muhammad.
Tafsir Shobar is a 19th-century Arabic exegesis of the Qur'an written by Sayyid Abdullah b. Muhammad Rida Hosseini Kazimi (1775–1826CE). The author was born in Najaf, Iraq, spent some time in Shiraz, Iran and died in the city of Kazemain, Iraq. His work follows a traditional methodology for exegesis. The book has been called Safat Al-Tafäsir, Al-Javäher Al-Samin Fi Tafsir Al-Qur'an Al-Mobin, Al-Kabir, Al-Vasit, and Al-Vajiz.
Tafsir Noor is an exegesis on the Quran by Iranian cleric Mohsin Qara'ati in Persian. The book has 12 volumes and won "Book of the Year Award" in 1997 from the President of Iran. Before publishing his own commentary on Qur'an, the author was a contributing member of the Tafsir Nemooneh team. In the introduction, the author admits relying on older tafsir works, such as Majma' al-Bayan, Tafsir al-Kabir (al-Razi), Tafsir Noor al-Thaqalayn, Ruh al-Ma'ani, Tafsir al-Mizan, Fi Zilal al-Quran, Tafsir Safi, Atyab al-bayan, Tafsir Nemooneh and Tafsir Rahnama up to seventy percent; the rest he says are his own findings.
Bayan al-Saʽada fi Maqamat al-ʽIbada is an exegesis on the Qur'an by Ni'matullāhī Sufi leader Sultan ʽAli Shah in Arabic.
Tafsir Rahnama is a contemporary 20 volume exegesis on Qur'an in Persian. So far 17 volumes of this work have been published. The book is based on Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani's studies on Qur'an.
Anwar al-Tanzil wa-Asrar al-Ta'wil, better known as Tafsir al-Baydawi, is one of the most popular classical Sunni Qur'anic interpretational works (tafsir) composed by the 13th-century Muslim scholar al-Baydawi (d.1319), flourished especially among non-Arab Muslim regions. This work is based on the earlier work of al-Zamakhshari's al-Kashshaf. Al-Kashshaf, which has Mu'tazilite views, some of which al-Baydawi has amended, and some omitted. Tafsir al-Baydawi is also based on al-Raghib al-Isfahani's Mufradat Alfaz al-Qur'an and his tafsir, as well as al-Tafsir al-Kabir by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi.
