Euphorbia is a very large and diverse genus of flowering plants, commonly called spurge, in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). "Euphorbia" is sometimes used in ordinary English to collectively refer to all members of Euphorbiaceae, not just to members of the genus. Some euphorbias are commercially widely available, such as poinsettias at Christmas. Some are commonly cultivated as ornamentals, or collected and highly valued for the aesthetic appearance of their unique floral structures, such as the crown of thorns plant. Euphorbias from the deserts of Southern Africa and Madagascar have evolved physical characteristics and forms similar to cacti of North and South America, so they are often incorrectly referred to as cacti. Some are used as ornamentals in landscaping, because of beautiful or striking overall forms, and drought and heat tolerance.
Phyllanthaceae is a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order Malpighiales. It is most closely related to the family Picrodendraceae.
The family Pandaceae consists of three genera that were formerly recognized in the Euphorbiaceae. Those are:
The Acalyphoideae are a subfamily within the family Euphorbiaceae with 116 genera in 20 tribes.
The Crotonoideae (crotonoids) are a subfamily within the family Euphorbiaceae.
The Euphorbioideae are a subfamily within the family Euphorbiaceae.
Omphalea is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1759. It is native to tropical parts of the Americas, the West Indies, Asia, Australia, and Africa.
Plukenetieae is a tribe of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 3 subtribes and 14 genera. Tribe Plukenetieae (Benth.) Hutch. is a diverse pantropical lineage of ca. 17 genera and 350 species of twining vines and lianas, scandent to erect perennial herbs and subshrubs, and rarely shrubs and small trees.
Hippomaneae is a tribe of flowering plants of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 2 subtribes and 33 genera.
Aparisthmium is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1840. It contains only one known species, Aparisthmium cordatum, native to South America and Costa Rica.
Bocquillonia is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1862. The entire genus is endemic to New Caledonia. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that Bocquillonia is nested in Alchornea.
Ostodes is a genus of plants under the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1826. It is native to southern China, the Himalayas, and parts of Southeast Asia.
- Ostodes kuangiiY.T.Chang - Yunnan
- Ostodes paniculataBlume - Hainan, Yunnan, Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, N Bangladesh, Assam, Thailand, Myanmar, W Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sumatra
Herbert Kenneth Airy Shaw was a notable English botanist and classicist.
Käthe Hoffmann was a German botanist who described many plant species in New Guinea and South East Asia including Annesijoa novoguineensis. She was a professor at Breslau, German Empire, and made a significant contribution to botany. In one study, she was found to have co-authored or authored 354 land plant species, the sixth-highest number authored by any female scientist. As of May 2020, Plants of the World Online lists 439 accepted genera and species which include Käthe Hoffmann in the authority, in some capacity.
Susan Carter Holmes is a botanist and taxonomist at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. She discovered and catalogued more than 200 plants of the family Euphorbiaceae, particularly of the succulent East African members of the genera Euphorbia and Monadenium, as well as about 20 Aloe species. All plants and articles are published under her maiden-name Susan Carter.
Codiaeum variegatum is a species of plant in the genus Codiaeum, which is a member of the family Euphorbiaceae. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. It is native to Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia, and the western Pacific Ocean islands, growing in open forests and scrub.
The Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, are a large family of flowering plants. In common English, they are sometimes called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most spurges such as Euphorbia paralias are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis, are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family occurs mainly in the tropics, with the majority of the species in the Indo-Malayan region and tropical America a strong second. A large variety occurs in tropical Africa, but they are not as abundant or varied as in the two other tropical regions. However, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas such as the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East, South Africa, and the Southern United States.
Jacques Désiré Leandri, born 1903 in Corsica, died 1982, was a French botanist and mycologist.
Peraceae Klotzsch is a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order Malpighiales. The family was segregated from the Euphorbiaceae by Johann Friedrich Klotzsch in 1859, and its uniqueness was affirmed by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew's Euphorbiaceae expert, Airy Shaw.
