Tetrabaenaceae

Tetrabaenaceae
Tetrabaena socialis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Chlorophyta
Class:	Chlorophyceae
Order:	Chlamydomonadales
Family:	Tetrabaenaceae H.Nozaki & M.Ito
Genera
Basichlamys Tetrabaena

Tetrabaenaceae is a family of green algae in the order Chlamydomonadales. ^[1] It is widespread but occasional, and found in freshwater habitats. ^[2]

Members of the family Tetrabaenaceae consists of four-celled colonial organisms. ^[3] Each cell is ovoid and biflagellate (with two equal flagella) and is embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Cells contain a large cup-shaped chloroplast with a basal pyrenoid, a stigma, and two contractile vacuoles at the base of the flagella. Sexual reproduction is isogamous. ^[2]

The family contains two genera, Tetrabaena and Basichlamys . The two form a clade within the larger phylogroup Reinhardtinia, ^[4] and were traditionally thought to be sister to the clade containing Volvocaceae and Goniaceae. ^[5] However, recent phylogenomic evidence suggest that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and its allies, and Vitreochlamys ordinata are nested within the Tetrabaenaceae+Goniaceae+Volvocaceae clade, rendering it paraphyletic. Therefore, the phylogenetic relationships would be as follows: ^[6]

	Tetrabaenaceae Vitreochlamys ordinata Chlamydomonadaceae sensu stricto ( Chlamydomonas s.s., Edaphochlamys ) Goniaceae Volvocaceae

References

1. See the NCBI webpage on Tetrabaenaceae. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information . Retrieved 2007-03-19.
2. Nakada, Takashi; Nozaki, Hisayoshi (2014). "Chapter 6. Flagellate Green Algae". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G.; Kociolek, J. Patrick (eds.). Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc. pp. 265–313. ISBN   978-0-12-385876-4.
3. Nozaki, Hisayoshi; Itoh, Motomi (1994). "Phylogenetic relationships within the colonial Volvocales (Chlorophyta) inferred from cladistic analysis based on morphological data". Journal of Phycology. 30 (2): 353–365. Bibcode:1994JPcgy..30..353N. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3646.1994.00353.x.
4. Nakada, Takashi; Tsuchida, Yudai; Tomita, Masaru (2019). "Improved taxon sampling and multigene phylogeny of unicellular chlamydomonads closely related to the colonial volvocalean lineage Tetrabaenaceae-Goniaceae-Volvocaceae (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 130: 1–8. Bibcode:2019MolPE.130....1N. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.09.013. PMID   30266459.
5. Herron, Matthew D. (2016). "Origins of multicellular complexity: Volvox and the volvocine algae". Molecular Ecology. 25 (6): 1213–1223. Bibcode:2016MolEc..25.1213H. doi:10.1111/mec.13551. PMC   5765864 . PMID   26822195.
6. Lindsey, Charles Ross; Rosenzweig, Frank; Herron, Matthew D. (2021). "Phylotranscriptomics points to multiple independent origins of multicellularity and cellular differentiation in the volvocine algae". BMC Biology. 19 (1): 182. Bibcode:2021BMCB...19..182L. doi: 10.1186/s12915-021-01087-0 . PMC   8408923 . PMID   34465312.