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The Province of Upper Canada was a part of British Canada established in 1791 by the Kingdom of Great Britain,to govern the central third of the lands in British North America,formerly part of the Province of Quebec since 1763. Upper Canada included all of modern-day Southern Ontario and all those areas of Northern Ontario in the Pays d'en Haut which had formed part of New France,essentially the watersheds of the Ottawa River or Lakes Huron and Superior,excluding any lands within the watershed of Hudson Bay. The "upper" prefix in the name reflects its geographic position along the Great Lakes,mostly above the headwaters of the Saint Lawrence River,contrasted with Lower Canada to the northeast.
The Family Compact was a small closed group of men who exercised most of the political,economic and judicial power in Upper Canada from the 1810s to the 1840s. It was the Upper Canadian equivalent of the Château Clique in Lower Canada. It was noted for its conservatism and opposition to democracy.
Sir Matthew Crooks Cameron,was a politician in Ontario,Canada. He was a Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1867 to 1878. He represented the riding of Toronto East. He served in the cabinet of the first Premier,John Sandfield Macdonald. After Macdonald's defeat in 1871,he became leader of the Conservative Party and served as Leader of the Opposition until his retirement from politics in 1878. After the legislature,he served as Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas until his death in 1887. In 1887 he was made a Knight Bachelor.
Sir William Ralph Meredith,was a Canadian lawyer,politician and judge. He served as Leader of the Ontario Conservatives from 1878 to 1894,Chancellor of the University of Toronto from 1900 until his death,and Chief Justice of Ontario from 1913 until his death. Through his principles,known as the "Meredith Principles",he is regarded as the founding father of the Workers' Compensation System in Ontario,the impact of which was felt throughout Canada and the United States.
Peter Russell was an Anglo-Irish military officer in the American War of Independence and a government official,politician and judge in Upper Canada.
The Attorney General of Ontario is the chief legal adviser to His Majesty the King in Right of Ontario and,by extension,the Government of Ontario. The Attorney General is a senior member of the Executive Council of Ontario and oversees the Ministry of the Attorney General –the department responsible for the oversight of the justice system in the province of Ontario. The Attorney General is an elected Member of Provincial Parliament who is appointed by the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario on the constitutional advice of the Premier of Ontario. The Ministry is the largest justice system in Canada and one of the largest in North America.
William Osgoode was the first Chief Justice of Upper Canada.
The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected part of the legislature for the province of Upper Canada,functioning as the lower house in the Parliament of Upper Canada. Its legislative power was subject to veto by the appointed Lieutenant Governor,Executive Council,and Legislative Council.
Sir William Campbell was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Upper Canada and a resident of York,Upper Canada. He also held political appointments in both Nova Scotia and Upper Canada.
Henry Allcock was a judge and political figure in Upper and Lower Canada.
The Legislative Council of Upper Canada was the upper house governing the province of Upper Canada. Modelled after the British House of Lords,it was created by the Constitutional Act of 1791. It was specified that the council should consist of at least seven members. Members were appointed for life but could be dropped for non-attendance. The first nine members of the council were appointed on 12 July 1792. The speaker was usually the Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench. The Legislative Council was dissolved on 10 February 1841 when Upper and Lower Canada were united into the Province of Canada. Some members were reappointed to the Legislative Council of the united Province.
William Dummer Powell was a Loyalist lawyer,judge and political figure in Upper Canada.
William Henry Draper was a lawyer,judge,and politician in Upper Canada,later Canada West.
The municipal government of Toronto is the local government responsible for administering the city of Toronto in the Canadian province of Ontario. Its structure and powers are set out in the City of Toronto Act.
Henry John Boulton,was a lawyer and political figure in Upper Canada and the Province of Canada,as well as Chief Justice of Newfoundland.
Thomas Ridout was a political figure in Upper Canada.
Sir Adam Wilson was a lawyer,judge and political figure in Canada West. He served as mayor of Toronto in 1859 and 1860 and in the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada for York North from 1860 to 1863. After his political career,he served as a judge and was named Chief Justice of the Court of Queen's Bench. At the time of his retirement,he was the longest-serving judge in Ontario and was subsequently knighted.
Philip Michael Matthew Scott VanKoughnet,,was a Canadian politician,lawyer and judge who held the positions of President of the Executive Council of the Province of Canada;Commissioner of Agriculture;Commissioner of Crown Lands and Chancellor of Upper Canada.
John Elmsley was Chief Justice of Upper Canada and afterwards of Lower Canada. In both of the Canadas he served as President of the Executive Council and Speaker of the Legislative Council. During the Hunter administration,he was the most powerful man in Upper Canada. In Lower Canada,from 1802 until his death he was second only in rank to the Lieutenant Governor.
James Scott Howard was a public servant in Canada West. He served as postmaster in the Town of York and later was the first postmaster in the newly formed City of Toronto government. He lost his position during the Upper Canada Rebellion in 1837.
