Tithorea harmonia

Tithorea harmonia
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Nymphalidae
Genus:	Tithorea
Species:	T. harmonia
Binomial name
Tithorea harmonia (Cramer, 1777) [1]
Synonyms
Papilio harmoniaCramer, 1777 Tithorea harmonia f. moppaBryk, 1937 Tithorea harmonia deltanaFox, 1956 Papilio ireneDrury, 1782 Tithorea umbratilisBates, 1866 Heliconia megaraGodart, [1819] Tithorea flavescensKirby, 1889 Tithorea egaensisButler, 1873 Tithorea pseudethraButler, 1873 Tithorea neithaHopffer, 1874 Tithorea neithaHopffer, 1879 Tithorea helicaonGodman & Salvin, [1879] Tithorea hippothousGodman & Salvin, [1879] Tithorea furea var. salvadorisStaudinger, 1885 Tithorea tyroDoubleday, 1847 Hirsutis pseudonyma miraNeustetter, 1929 Tithorea hermias hermina ab. naponaHaensch, 1903 Tithorea assimilisHaensch, 1905

Tithorea harmonia, the Harmonia tiger-wing or Harmonia tiger, ^[2] is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae.

Description

Tithorea harmonia has a wingspan reaching about 70 millimetres (2.8 in). This toxic "tiger" butterfly has the usual pattern of black wings with bright orange bands. The forewings have a black tip. Also the antennae are orange. Larvae feed on Prestonia species. ^[3]

Distribution

This widespread species can be found from Mexico to South America.

Subspecies

T. h. hermias

Tithorea harmonia in Adalbert Seitz

Listed alphabetically: ^[1]

• T. h. brunneaHaensch, 1905 (Peru)
• T. h. caissara(Zikán, 1941) (Brazil)
• T. h. cuparinaBates, 1862 (Brazil)
• T. h. doradaBrown, 1977 (Venezuela)
• T. h. egaensisButler, 1873 (Brazil)
• T. h. flacillaGodman & Salvin, 1898 (Colombia)
• T. h. furiaStaudinger, 1884 (Ecuador - Venezuela)
• T. h. furinaGodman & Salvin, 1898 (Colombia)
• T. h. gilbertiBrown, 1977 (Peru)
• T. h. harmonia (Surinam, Venezuela, French Guiana)
• T. h. helicaonGodman & Salvin, 1879 (Nicaragua - Panama, Costa Rica)
• T. h. hermiasGodman & Salvin, 1898 (Ecuador, Amazon)
• T. h. herminaHaensch, 1903 (Ecuador)
• T. h. hippothousGodman & Salvin, 1879 (Guatemala)
• T. h. irene(Drury, 1782) (Panama)
• T. h. lateflava(Haensch, 1909) (Bolivia)
• T. h. manabianaFox, 1956 (Ecuador)
• T. h. martinaFox, 1956 (Peru)
• T. h. megara(Godart, 1819) (Trinidad)
• T. h. melaninaHaensch, 1905 (Peru)
• T. h. neithaHopffer, 1874 (Peru)
• T. h. pseudethraButler, 1873 (Brazil)
• T. h. pseudonymaStaudinger, 1894 (Bolivia)
• T. h. salvadorisStaudinger, 1885 (El Salvador)
• T. h. sulphurata(Zikán, 1941) (Brazil)

References

1. "Tithorea Doubleday, [1847]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
2. Harmonia Tiger ^[usurped] , Butterflies of the Amazon
3. Tithorea harmonia, Monteverde Butterflies