Togolese People's Movement Mouvement Populaire Togolais | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | MPT |
| Leader | Nicolas Grunitzky |
| Founded | 16 August 1954 |
| Dissolved | 1967 |
| Split from | Togolese Party of Progress |
 |
|---|
 Africaportal |
The Togolese People's Movement (French : Mouvement Populaire Togolais, MPT) was a political party in Togo between 1954 and 1967.
The party was established on 16 August 1954 following a split in the Togolese Party of Progress over the sacking of John Atayi. [1] The MPT received 1.4% of the vote in the 1955 Territorial Assembly elections, failing to win a seat. Its vote share fell to 0.3% in the 1958 elections, again failing to win a seat.
Following the 1963 coup, the MPT was one of four to form the Reconciliation and National Union, a single electoral list to contest the elections later that year, with each party holding 14 seats. Its leader Nicolas Grunitzky was the sole presidential candidate. [2]
However, following another coup in 1967, the party was dissolved. [3]
| Date | Candidate | Votes | % | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1963 | Nicolas Grunitzky | 568,893 | 100% | Elected |
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1955 | Nicolas Grunitzky | 2,089 | 1.4% | 0 / 30 |  |
| 1958 | 842 | 0.3% | 0 / 46 | | |
| 1963 | 568,893 [lower-alpha 1] | 98.6% | 14 / 56 |  14 |
The history of Togo can be traced to archaeological finds which indicate that ancient local tribes were able to produce pottery and process tin. During the period from the 11th century to the 16th century, the Ewé, the Mina, the Gun, and various other tribes entered the region. Most of them settled in coastal areas. The Portuguese arrived in the late 15th century, followed by other European powers. Until the 19th century, the coastal region was a major slave trade centre, earning Togo and the surrounding region the name "The Slave Coast".
Politics of Togo takes place in a framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Togo is both head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. After independence, the party system was dominated first by the authoritarian Rally for the Togolese People, and later by its successor party, Union for the Republic.
Elections in Togo take place within the framework of a presidential system. Both the President and the National Assembly are directly elected by voters. Togo is a one party dominant state with the Union for the Republic in power.
Juvento, also known as the Mouvement de Jeunesse Togolaise, is a social democratic political party in Togo.
Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba was a Togolese politician. He was the President of the National Assembly of Togo from September 2000 to February 2005. He was a prominent member of the ruling Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) and a member of the Pan-African Parliament representing Togo.
Nicolas Grunitzky was the second president of Togo and its third head of state. He was President from 1963 to 1967. Grunitzky was Prime Minister of Togo from 1956 to 1958 under the French Colonial loi cadre system, which created a limited "national" government in their colonial possessions. He was elected Prime Minister of Togo —still under French administration— in 1956. Following the 1963 coup which killed his nationalist political rival and brother-in-law Sylvanus Olympio, Grunitzky was chosen by the military committee of coup leaders to be Togo's second President.
Gilchrist Olympio is a Togolese politician who was a long-time opponent of the regime of Gnassingbé Eyadéma and was President of the Union of Forces for Change (UFC), Togo's main opposition party from the 1990s til 2013. Olympio is the son of Sylvanus Olympio, Togo's first President, who was assassinated in a 1963 coup. He is now an ally of the current regime of Faure Gnassingbe, the son of the late President.
The Union of Forces for Change is an opposition political party in Togo. The President of the UFC was Gilchrist Olympio and its Secretary-General was Jean-Pierre Fabre until 10 August 2010. Olympio is the son of the first President of Togo, Sylvanus Olympio, who was assassinated in a 1963 coup. On 10 August 2010, Jean-Pierre Fabre was elected as President of the party.
The Rally of the Togolese People was the ruling political party in Togo from 1969 to 2012. It was founded by President Gnassingbé Eyadéma and headed by his son, President Faure Gnassingbé, after the former's death in 2005. Faure Gnassingbé replaced the RPT with a new ruling party, the Union for the Republic (UNIR), in April 2012, dissolving the RPT.
The Socialist Pact for Renewal is a political party in Togo.
Parliamentary elections were held in Togo on October 14, 2007 for the 81 seats in the National Assembly. There were over 2,000 candidates, with 32 parties and 41 lists of independent candidates competing. The ruling Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) was victorious, winning a majority of 50 seats. The remaining seats were won by opposition parties; the Union of the Forces of Change (UFC) won 27 seats and the Action Committee for Renewal (CAR) won four seats. They were the first parliamentary elections since the beginning of multiparty politics in the early 1990s in which all major parties participated.
Maurice Dahuku Péré was a Togolese politician who was President of the National Assembly of Togo from 1994 to 1999. He was the national president of the Democratic Alliance for the Fatherland, an opposition party.
Dama Dramani is a Togolese politician who was the President of the National Assembly of Togo from 2013 to 2018. He was Secretary-General of the Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), the ruling party, from 2003 to 2006, and following the 2007 parliamentary election he was President of the RPT Parliamentary Group in the National Assembly.
A constitutional referendum was held in Togo on 30 December 1979, alongside simultaneous general elections. The changes to the constitution would establish the Third Togolese Republic and make the country a presidential republic and a one-party state, and were approved by 99.87% of voters with a 99.4% turnout. The constitution came into force on 12 January 1980.
General elections were held in Togo on 5 May 1963, alongside a constitutional referendum. It followed a military coup earlier in the year which had ousted President Sylvanus Olympio, who had dissolved all political parties except his own Party of Togolese Unity in 1961. Nicolas Grunitzky, who had served as Prime Minister since shortly after the coup was elected president unopposed. Antoine Meatchi was elected as vice president. In the National Assembly election, a single list of candidates containing members of the Party of Togolese Unity, Juvento, the Democratic Union of the Togolese People and the Togolese People's Movement was put forward under the name "Reconciliation and National Union". It was approved by 99% of voters. Voter turnout was 91%.
The Togolese Party of Progress was a political party in Togo.
The Union of Chiefs and Peoples of the North was a political party in Togo.
The Democratic Union of the Togolese People was a political party in Togo.
Parliamentary elections were held in Togo on 29 April 2024 to elect the 113 members of the National Assembly, alongside the first regional elections in the country. The ruling Union for the Republic won 108 of the 113 seats.
