Tracy Palmer

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Tracy Palmer

FRS FRSE FMedSci
Tracy Palmer Royal Society (cropped).jpg
Tracy Palmer at the Royal Society admissions day in London, July 2018
Born(1967-05-08)8 May 1967
Sheffield, England
Education University of Birmingham (BSc, PhD) [1]
Spouses
  • Michael St John
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1993;div. 2000)​
  • ​
    (m. 2000)​
[1]
ChildrenJames Sargent (b. 2000), Jack Sargent (b. 2002)
Awards EMBO Member (2017) [2]
Royal Society University Research Fellowship (1996)
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions Newcastle University
University of Dundee
University of East Anglia [4]
John Innes Centre
Thesis The kinetics of the proton-translocating transhydrogenase from photosynthetic bacteria  (1992)
Doctoral advisor J. Baz Jackson

Tracy Palmer FRS FRSE [5] is a professor of microbiology in the Biosciences Institute at Newcastle University in Tyne & Wear, England. [3] [6] [7] [8] She is known for her work on the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway. [9] [10]

Contents

Early life and education

Palmer was born in Sheffield on 8 May 1967, the only child of Enid (née Wilson) and Roy Palmer (a steelworker). Palmer was brought up in the steel town of Stocksbridge in South Yorkshire where she attended Stocksbridge High School. Palmer attended the University of Birmingham where she was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in biochemistry in 1988 [1] followed by a PhD in 1992 for research investigating the enzyme kinetics of the proton pumping transhydrogenase from photosynthetic bacteria. [11] [12] She was inspired by the work of Peter D. Mitchell and his work on chemiosmosis during her PhD. [9]

Career and research

Palmer's main research interest is in the processes by which bacteria secrete proteins into their environment. [5] She was one of the co-discoverers of the bacterial Tat protein secretion system. [4] The Tat system is highly unusual because it transports folded proteins of variable sizes across biological membranes while at the same time maintaining the impermeability of the membrane to ions. [5]

Palmer has initiated work on a second type of protein transporter– the Type VII secretion system (T7SS) in the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus . [5] Her group have demonstrated for the first time that the T7SS is involved in interbacterial competition by showing that the S. aureus T7SS secretes a large nuclease toxin, which inhibits the growth of closely related S. aureus strains. [5]

Palmer's early career included a post doctoral research position at the University of Dundee (1992-1993) where she was a member of Professor David H. Boxer's group in the Department of Biochemistry. At that time Palmer was studying 'Protein FA' - the factor d'association needed for the final step in molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide biosynthesis. Palmer purified the protein and identified it as the product of the mobA gene. From 1993 to 1996 Palmer was an independent University Research Fellow at the University of Dundee leading a study in to the anaerobic metabolism of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Indeed, the behaviour of the periplasmic DMSO reductase of Rh. sphaeroides and its E. coli homologue TMAO reductase laid the foundations for Palmer's future research on the Tat pathway.

In 1996 Palmer was awarded a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (URF), which was administered by the University of East Anglia in Norwich while Palmer's new research group was based in the Department of Molecular Microbiology at the John Innes Centre. In 2004 Palmer was awarded an MRC Senior Non-Clinical Research Fellowship and was promoted to a personal chair in molecular microbiology by the University of East Anglia. While in Norwich Palmer began a long collaboration with Professor Ben C. Berks FRS (now of the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Oxford). Together they were awarded the 2002 Microbiology Society Fleming Prize Lecture for characterisation of the bacterial twin-arginine protein targeting (Tat) system.

In 2007 Palmer was recruited back to the University of Dundee to take up a new position in the College of Life Sciences. Palmer was head of the Division of Molecular Microbiology at Dundee from 2009 to 2017 before leaving to join Newcastle University in 2018. She is now head of the research theme Microbes in Health & Disease, which is part of the Newcastle Biosciences Institute (NUBI) within the Faculty of Medical Sciences (FMS).

In 2021, Palmer was appointed as deputy editor in chief of Microbiology, to help develop the journal towards its 75th anniversary in 2022, [13] [14] after serving for many years as an Editor of Molecular Microbiology.

Awards and honours

Palmer was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2018 for “substantial contributions to the improvement of natural knowledge”. [15] [5] She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE) in 2009, is a Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology and a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO). [16] [6] [5] [17] She was awarded a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (URF) in 1996. [1]

In 2021, Palmer was elected as a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences. [18]

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The twin-arginine translocation pathway is a protein export, or secretion pathway found in plants, bacteria, and archaea. In contrast to the Sec pathway which transports proteins in an unfolded manner, the Tat pathway serves to actively translocate folded proteins across a lipid membrane bilayer. In plants, the Tat translocase is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast, where it acts to export proteins into the thylakoid lumen. In bacteria, the Tat translocase is found in the cytoplasmic membrane and serves to export proteins to the cell envelope, or to the extracellular space. The existence of a Tat translocase in plant mitochondria is also proposed.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Professor Tracy Palmer, Parent carer scientist". Royal Society. London. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020.
  2. ↑ "Find people in the EMBO Communities". people.embo.org.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Tracy Palmer publications indexed by Google Scholar OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
  4. 1 2 Berks, Ben C.; Sargent, Frank; Palmer, Tracy (2000). "The Tat protein export pathway". Molecular Microbiology . 35 (2): 260–274. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01719.x . ISSN   0950-382X. PMID   10652088.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Tracy Palmer | Royal Society". royalsociety.org. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  6. 1 2 Palmer, Tracy (2013). "Professor Tracy Palmer FRS FRSE FSB FAAM MEAM". lifesci.dundee.ac.uk. University of Dundee. Archived from the original on 22 July 2017.
  7. ↑ Tracy Palmer publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
  8. ↑ Tracy Palmer publications from Europe PubMed Central
  9. 1 2 Palmer, Tracy (2016). "Spotlight on…Tracy Palmer". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 363 (24): fnw271. doi: 10.1093/femsle/fnw271 . ISSN   1574-6968. PMID   27915253.
  10. ↑ Palmer, Tracy; Berks, Ben C. (2012). "The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) protein export pathway". Nature Reviews Microbiology . 10 (7): 483–496. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2814. ISSN   1740-1526. PMID   22683878. S2CID   1320137.
  11. ↑ Palmer, Tracy (1992). The kinetics of the proton-translocating transhydrogenase from photosynthetic bacteria. bham.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University of Birmingham. OCLC   911148724. Copac   46064251.
  12. ↑ Palmer, Tracy; Williams, Ross; Cotton, Nick P. J.; Thomas, Christopher M.; Jackson, J. Baz (1993). "Inhibition of proton-translocating transhydrogenase from photosynthetic bacteria by N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide". European Journal of Biochemistry . 211 (3): 663–669. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17594.x . ISSN   0014-2956. PMID   8436126.
  13. ↑ Society, Microbiology. "Meet the new Microbiology Deputy Editor-in-Chief: Professor Tracy Palmer". microbiologysociety.org. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  14. ↑ "Microbiology".{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  15. ↑ "About elections | Royal Society". royalsociety.org. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  16. ↑ "Professor Tracy Palmer FRSE". The Royal Society of Edinburgh. 24 August 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  17. ↑ SHussain (23 February 2015). "Tracy Palmer elected to Fellowship of the American Academy of Microbiology". School of Life Sciences. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
  18. ↑ "50 outstanding biomedical and health scientists elected to prestigious Academy of Medical Sciences Fellowship | The Academy of Medical Sciences". acmedsci.ac.uk. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
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