| TMEM222 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | TMEM222 , C1orf160, transmembrane protein 222, NEDMOSBA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | MGI: 1098568 HomoloGene: 11999 GeneCards: TMEM222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Transmembrane protein 222 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM222 gene. [5] [6] One notable feature of the protein encoded by this gene is the presence of three predicted transmembrane domains. [7] The TMEM222 protein is predicted to most likely localize to the secretory vesicles. [8]
TMEM222 has a domain of unknown function (DUF778). [9] Aliases of this gene include DKFZP564D0478, RP11-4K3__A.4, C1orf160, and MGC111002. [10] Accession NM_032125.2, the longest coding sequence (1629 bp), encodes a protein of 208 amino acid residues (23230 Daltons), which is considered the consensus coding sequence (CCDS297.2). [11] There are two isoforms of the protein encoded by this gene. They are similar except the second (Q9H0R3-2) is lacking the first 96 amino acid residues that are present in the first (Q9H0R3-1). [12]
ACEVIEW has labeled TMEM222 as highly expressed with 3.8 times more expression than the average gene in the database. [13] There is expression evidence from 166 tissues including brain, lung, colon, kidney, and placenta. [13]
Orthologs and distant homologs of the human TMEM222 have been identified throughout Eukaryota especially in plants and animals. [14] No paralogs of this gene have been found in the human genome. [15]
| Genus/Species | Common Name | Accession Number | Length | Similarity | Identity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rattus norvegicus | Rat | NP_001107252.1 | 208aa | 99% | 96% |
| Canis familiaris | Dog | XP_852505.1 | 208aa | 98% | 96% |
| Mus musculus | Mouse | NP_079943.2 | 208aa | 96% | 95% |
| Sus scrofa | Pig | XP_003127773.1 | 208aa | 97% | 94% |
| Equus caballus | Horse | XP_001917747.1 | 207aa | 94% | 93% |
| Gallus gallus | Chicken | XP_417729.1 | 182aa | 90% | 85% |
| Danio rerio | Zebrafish | NP_001013334.1 | 174aa | 83% | 71% |
| Anopheles gambiae | Mosquito | XP_320483.3 | 197aa | 66% | 53% |
| Drosophila melanogaster | Fruit Fly | NP_723362.1 | 196aa | 74% | 61% |
| Caenorhabditis elegans | Nematode | NP_494762.2 | 168aa | 72% | 55% |
| Phytophthora infestans | Late Blight | XP_002902629.1 | 186aa | 59% | 48% |
| Zea mays | Corn | NP_001144071.1 | 233aa | 61% | 44% |
| Oryza sativa | Rice | NP_001051577.1 | 204aa | 61% | 43% |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Thall cress | NP_190673.1 | 231aa | 55% | 36% |
| Homo sapiens | Human | NP_115501.2 | 208 | - | - |
A distant homolog of TMEM222, [14] RTH (RTE1-Homolog), [16] is a homolog of RTE1 (Reversion-to-Ethylene Perception 1), which is known to induce conformational changes in ETR1 (Ethylene receptor 1) that result in negative regulation corresponding with loss of ethylene perception. [17]
Evidence from yeast two-hybrid screening exists for two protein interactions with this gene. One is a serine protease (PRSS23) [18] that has been identified to be involved in mouse ovulation and is excreted into the extracellular matrix. [19] The other protein is an ab-hydrolase (HLA-B associated transcript 5) [20] that is integral to the membrane, and its corresponding gene is located in the genome near Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF-beta. [21]
Spliceosome RNA helicase BAT1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BAT1 gene.
Large proline-rich protein BAT3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BAT3 gene.
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 E3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2E3 gene.
Large proline-rich protein BAT2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BAT2 gene.
Bicaudal D cargo adaptor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BICD2 gene.
DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAJA2 gene.
Porimin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM123 gene.
Trafficking protein particle complex subunit 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRAPPC10 gene.
DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAJC7 gene.
Protein BAT5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BAT5 gene.
Transmembrane protein 130 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM130 gene.
Transmembrane protein 43 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM43 gene. TMEM43 may have an important role in maintaining nuclear envelope structure by organizing protein complexes at the inner nuclear membrane. Required for retaining emerin at the inner nuclear membrane. However, the localization of TMEM43 in myocardial tissue is controversial discussed. Franke et al. demonstrated that TMEM43 is localized at the intercalated disc but not at the nuclear envelope. In contrast Christensen et al. have shown that TMEM43 is mainly localized at the sarcolemma. Mutations in TMEM43 are associated with ARVD and EDMD7.
Kinetochore-associated protein NSL1 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NSL1 gene.
Periodic tryptophan protein 2 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PWP2 gene.
Transmembrane protein 150A is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TMEM150A gene.
tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 2 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRMT12 gene.
DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 13, also known as DNAJC13, is a human gene.
Protein BAT4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BAT4 gene.
Transmembrane protein 117 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM117 gene.
Radial spoke head protein 9 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RSPH9 gene.
