Triumph I6

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Triumph I6
Triumph Straight-6 engine.jpg
Overview
Manufacturer
Also calledTriumph Six Cylinder
Production1960–1977
Layout
Configuration Naturally aspirated Straight-6
Block materialCast iron
Chronology
Successor Leyland PE166 engine

The Triumph Six Cylinder or Triumph I6 engine is a cast-iron overhead valve straight-six engine produced by Standard Triumph. It is an evolution of the Standard Motor Company's inline-4 Standard Eight, with the addition of two cylinders and a larger displacement.

Contents

Introduced in their Standard Vanguard Six in 1960, it was used in a wide range of Triumph vehicles, including the Triumph TR5, TR250, and TR6.

Origin

Standard Six engine

The six cylinder engine was developed from the Standard SC four first used in 1960 in the Standard Vanguard Six, in which it had a 74.6 mm (2.9 in) bore and a 76 mm (3.0 in) stroke, giving a capacity of 1998 cc. [1] [2] It was also used in the Eight and the Ten.[ citation needed ]

The engine was next used in the Triumph Vitesse, a sports saloon based on the Herald, in 1962. [1] [3] In this application, the engine had a 66.75 mm (2.6 in) bore, reducing displacement to 1596 cc. [1] [4] The Vitesse was given the two-litre engine with the 74.6 mm bore in 1966. [4]

The Triumph 2000 replaced the Vanguard Six in 1963 when Leyland discontinued the Standard marque. [5] The two-litre six was later used in the Spitfire-based GT6 coupé from 1966 to 1974. [6]

Beginning in 1967, the engine was used in the Triumph TR5 and TR250 sports cars, replacing the Standard inline-four engine used in TRs from the TR2 to the TR4A. For this application, the stroke was increased to 95 mm (3.7 in), giving 2498 cc. When equipped with the Lucas mechanical fuel injection system in the TR5, this new 2.5-litre version gave a claimed 150 bhp (112 kW; 152 PS) at 5500 rpm. [4] [7] When tested on dynamometers, 110 to 130bhp at the crankshaft is more usual, and may explain Triumph's decision to fit the TR7 with a 2-litre slant-four engine, whose power output and hence performance were in fact similar to those of the earlier and ostensibly more powerful engine. The TR250 was sold in the US with Stromberg carburettors to avoid the need for additional emissions control systems; this reduced the power to 105 bhp (78 kW; 106 PS) at 4500 rpm. [7] The TR6, made from 1969 to 1975, used the TR5's engine, [4] detuned to 125 bhp (93 kW; 127 PS) in 1973. [7] with a 106 hp version of the TR250's engine in the United States. [7]

The fuel-injected 2.5 litre engine became available in the 2000 unit body as the 2.5 PI in 1968; [8] this was supplanted by the twin-carburettor 2500 TC in 1974. [4] The 2000 and 2500 TC were discontinued in 1977. [4]

Technical

A partial chart of Triumph engine numbers is posted on the "Spitfire & GT6 magazine" site. [9] However the capacity appears not to match the bore/stroke, or that published on other sites including the GT6 Ezine, [10] hence the corrections in the tables below.

Engine Applications Chart

Engine No. PrefixCapacityCar
HB1596 ccVitesse 6
HC1998 ccVitesse 2 Litre
KC1998 ccGT6 Mk1/2
KD1998 ccGT6 Mk1/2 (Anti Smog) (US?)
KE1998 ccGT6 Mk3
KF1998 ccGT6 Mk3 (US)
KG1998 ccGT6 Mk3 (Sweden)
MB1998 cc2000 Mk1
MB1998 cc2000 Mk1
MG, MM, MN2498 cc2500
ME, ML1998 cc2000 Mk2
CC2498 ccTR250 & TR6
CF2498 ccTR6
CP, CR2498 ccTR6(injection) and TR5PI

Factory Quoted Power Chart

ModelQuoted power @rpmQuoted torque @rpmCapacity
TR5150 bhp (112 kW; 152 PS) @5500164 lb⋅ft (222 N⋅m) @35002498 cc
TR250104 bhp (78 kW; 105 PS) @4500143 lb⋅ft (194 N⋅m) @30002498 cc
TR6 (69-72)150 bhp (112 kW; 152 PS) @5500164 lb⋅ft (222 N⋅m) @35002498 cc
TR6 (73...)124 bhp (92 kW; 126 PS) @5000143 lb⋅ft (194 N⋅m) @35002498 cc
TR6 (USA)104 bhp (78 kW; 105 PS) @4500143 lb⋅ft (194 N⋅m) @30002498 cc
2.5 PI Mk1 & Mk2132 bhp (98 kW; 134 PS) @5500153 lb⋅ft (207 N⋅m) @20002498 cc
2500 Mk299 bhp (74 kW; 100 PS) @4700133 lb⋅ft (180 N⋅m) @30002498 cc
2500 TC106 bhp (79 kW; 107 PS) @4700139 lb⋅ft (188 N⋅m) @30002498 cc
2000 Mk190 bhp (67 kW; 91 PS) @5000117 lb⋅ft (159 N⋅m) @29001998 cc
2000 Mk284 bhp (63 kW; 85 PS) @5000100 lb⋅ft (140 N⋅m) @29001998 cc
2000 TC91 bhp (68 kW; 92 PS) @4750110 lb⋅ft (150 N⋅m) @33001998 cc
GT6 Mk195 bhp (71 kW; 96 PS) @5000117 lb⋅ft (159 N⋅m) @30001998 cc
GT6 Mk2104 bhp (78 kW; 105 PS) @5300117 lb⋅ft (159 N⋅m) @30001998 cc
GT6+95 bhp (71 kW; 96 PS) @4700117 lb⋅ft (159 N⋅m) @34001998 cc
Vitesse 670 bhp (52 kW; 71 PS) @500092 lb⋅ft (125 N⋅m) @28001596 cc
Vitesse 2L95 bhp (71 kW; 96 PS) @5000117 lb⋅ft (159 N⋅m) @30001998 cc
Vitesse Mk2104 bhp (78 kW; 105 PS) @5300117 lb⋅ft (159 N⋅m) @30001998 cc

Racing

Triumph raced Spitfires, and some early GT6 prototypes at Le Mans, with some good success, and later at Sebring but due to rule changes and the takeover by Leyland, this was not continued.

Replacement

After Triumph, and later Rover, were absorbed into Leyland Motors in 1960, and 1967 respectively, work began on a successor to both the Triumph 2000 and the Rover P6 which would also use a new straight six engine design. The engine, known internally as the Leyland PE166 was originally intended to be a development of the Triumph I6, but ended up becoming an entirely new design, with almost no interchangeable parts with the original. The Rover SD1 was the only recipient of this engine in both 2.3L and 2.6L capacities.

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Robson 2011, p. 199.
  2. Culshaw & Horrobin 2013, pp. 286–287.
  3. Culshaw & Horrobin 2013, p. 320.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Culshaw & Horrobin 2013, p. 322.
  5. Culshaw & Horrobin 2013, pp. 287, 320.
  6. Culshaw & Horrobin 2013, pp. 321–322.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Elliott 2007, p. 105.
  8. Culshaw & Horrobin 2013, p. 320, 322.
  9. "Triumph Spitfire and GT6 Engine Numbers". Archived from the original on 18 November 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2010.
  10. "GT6 Ezine, Reference Section". Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 4 April 2010.

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References