Visvanatha Shiva Temple, Bhubaneswar

Visvanatha Shiva Temple
Visvanatha Shiva Temple
Geography
Coordinates	20°14′35″N85°50′04″E / 20.24306°N 85.83444°E Coordinates: 20°14′35″N85°50′04″E / 20.24306°N 85.83444°E
Country	India
State	Orissa
District	Khordha
Location	Bhubaneswar
Elevation	26 m (85 ft)
Culture
Sanctum	Shiva
History
Date built	19th century C.E.

Last updated April 15, 2019

Visvanatha Siva Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Visvanatha and is one of the temples of Bhubaneswar, a revered pilgrimage center and the capital of the state of Orissa, India.^[1] It is a living temple, facing west, situated on the road from Lingaraja Temple to Mausima Temple. The presiding deity is a Siva lingam with a circular yoni installed inside the sanctum that was brought from Kasi. The temple was built in the 19th century and is of modern construction.

A Hindu temple is a symbolic house, seat and body of god. It is a structure designed to bring human beings and gods together, using symbolism to express the ideas and beliefs of Hinduism. The symbolism and structure of a Hindu temple are rooted in Vedic traditions, deploying circles and squares. It also represents recursion and equivalence of the macrocosm and the microcosm by astronomical numbers, and by "specific alignments related to the geography of the place and the presumed linkages of the deity and the patron". A temple incorporates all elements of Hindu cosmos—presenting the good, the evil and the human, as well as the elements of Hindu sense of cyclic time and the essence of life—symbolically presenting dharma, kama, artha, moksa, and karma.

Shiva also known as Mahadeva is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is the supreme being within Shaivism, one of the major traditions within contemporary Hinduism.

Bhubaneswar is the capital of the Indian state of Odisha. It is the largest city in Odisha and is a centre of economic and cultural importance in Eastern India.

Name

i) Present Name: Visvanatha Siva Temple-II

ii) Past Name:

Location

Lat. 200, 14’35" N.,

Long. 850, 50’ 04"E.,

Elev. 86 ft

Ownership

i) Single/ Multiple: Multiple.

ii) Public/ Private: Public.

iii) Any other (specify): The temple is now under the Lingaraja temple administration. But renovation works were carried out by Ghanasyama Garabadu.

Age

i) Approximate date: 19th Century A.D.

ii) Source of Information: Local information.

Property Type

i) Precinct/ Building/ Structure/Landscape/Site/Tank: Building

ii) Subtype: Temple.

iii) Typology: Vimana is a rekha deul and jagamohana is a pidha deul.

Property use

i) Abandoned/ in use: In use.

ii) Present use: Living temple

iii) Past use: Worshipped

Significance

i) Historic significance: —

ii) Cultural significance: Various religious sacraments like Sankranti, Chatturdasi and Jalabhisekha are performed.

Sankranti means transmigration of the Sun from one Rāshi to the next. Hence, there are 12 Sankrantis in a year.

iii) Social significance: Rituals like Rudrabhisekha, Rudrasthami and Mahamritunjaya are also performed.

The Rudra Mantra or Mahamrityunjaya Mantra, also known as the Tryambakam Mantra, is a verse of the Rigveda. The sukta is addressed to Tryambaka, "the three-eyed one", an epithet of Rudra. It is identified with Shiva. The verse also recurs in the Yajurveda.

iv) Associational significance:—

Physical description

i) Surrounding: The temple is surrounded by the Lingaraja temple compound wall in the north at a distance of 6.75 metres, Dolagovinda temple in south, Rosasala (kitchen house) in west and the leading road to the northern entrance of Lingaraja temple in west.

ii) Orientation: The temple is facing towards west.

iii) Architectural features (Plan and Elevation): On plan, the temple has a Vimana and Jagamohana of modern construction measuring 6.65 metres in length and 2.90 metres in width. The sanctum measures 2.80 square metres and jagamohana 2.90 square metres. With threefold division of the bada the temple has a trianga bada measuring 1.90 metres. At the base pabhaga has a set of five mouldings of khura, kumbha, pata, kani and basanta that measures 0.64 metres. Jangha is plain measuring 0.84 metres in height, baranda measures 0.42 metres. Gandi measures 2.45 metres and is devoid of decoration. mastaka conforms to the typical Kalingan style that measures 1.30 metres in height.

iv) Raha niche & parsva devatas: The raha niches on the three sides uniformly measures 0.40 metres in height x 0.25 metres in width and 0.17 metres in depth. All are empty.

v) Decorative features:

Doorjambs: The doorjamb is plain

Lintel: —

vi) Building material: The monument is covered with modern cement plaster.

vii) Construction techniques: Dry masonry

viii) Style: Kalingan

ix) Special features, if any: —

State of preservation

i) Good/Fair/ Showing Signs of Deterioration/Advanced: Fair

ii) State of Decay/Danger of Disappearance:

Condition description

i) Signs of distress: —

ii) Structural problems: —

iii) Repairs and Maintenance: The temple was repaired and maintained by Ghanasyama Garabadu of Badu Sahi, Old Town and Bhubaneswar.

Grade (A/B/C)

i) Architecture: C

ii) Historic: C

iii) Associational: C

iv) Social/Cultural:B

v) Others:

Threats to the property

Conservation Problem and Remedies: —- Compound Wall: There is a compound wall made of laterite and with the entrance in the western side, the northern compound wall of the Lingaraja served the southern compound wall of the temple.

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References

↑ Pradhan, Sadasiba (2009). Lesser known monuments of Bhubaneswar. Bhubaneswar: Lark Books. ISBN 81-7375-164-1.

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[pradhan-1] Pradhan, Sadasiba (2009). Lesser known monuments of Bhubaneswar. Bhubaneswar: Lark Books. ISBN 81-7375-164-1.