| Volvo International | |
|---|---|
| Defunct tennis tournament | |
| Tour | WCT Circuit (1972) Grand Prix circuit (1985–1989) ATP World Series (1990–1997) ATP International Series (1998–2001) |
| Founded | 1972 |
| Abolished | 1998 |
| Editions | 27 |
| Location | Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, US (1972–1975) North Conway, New Hampshire, US (1975–1984) Stratton Mountain, Vermont, US (1985–1989) New Haven, Connecticut, US (1990–1998) |
| Surface | Clay (1973–1984) Hard (1985–1998) |
The Volvo International, also known as the Pilot Pen International, was a professional tennis tournament founded in 1972 as the Bretton Woods WCT [1] it was played on clay courts to 1984 and on outdoor hard courts from 1985 to 1998. It was first held at the Mount Washington Resort in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in the United States in 1973 after Rod Laver had run a successful summer camp there. [2] The International was originally part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit until the formation of the ATP Tour in 1990, when it became part of the Championship Series until its dissolution.
The event moved to several American locations during its run, including Mount Cranmore in North Conway, New Hampshire, from 1975 to 1984, [3] Stratton Mountain Resort at Stratton Mountain, Vermont, from 1985 to 1989, and eventually to New Haven, Connecticut [4] from 1990 until 1998, before it was discontinued.
In 2005, the ATP event at Long Island (known as the TD Waterhouse Cup) was moved to New Haven, where it merged with the WTA Tour's Pilot Pen Tennis. The current ATP Pilot Pen event is considered to be a continuation of the Long Island event rather than of the International. [5]
Bretton Woods is an area within the town of Carroll, New Hampshire, United States, whose principal points of interest are three leisure and recreation facilities. Being virtually surrounded by the White Mountain National Forest, the vista from Bretton Woods toward Mount Washington and the Presidential Range includes no significant artificial structures other than the Mount Washington Cog Railway and the Mount Washington Hotel.
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) is the governing body of the men's professional tennis circuits – the ATP Tour, the ATP Challenger Tour and the ATP Champions Tour. It was formed in September 1972 by Donald Dell, Jack Kramer, and Cliff Drysdale to protect the interests of professional tennis players, and Drysdale became the first president. Since 1990 the association has organized the ATP Tour, the worldwide tennis tour for men and linked the title of the tour with the organization's name. It is the governing body of men's professional tennis. In 1990 the organization was called the ATP Tour, which was renamed in 2001 as just ATP and the tour being called ATP Tour. In 2009 the name of the tour was changed again and was known as the ATP World Tour, but changed again to the ATP Tour by 2019. It is an evolution of the tour competitions previously known as Grand Prix tennis tournaments and World Championship Tennis (WCT).The ATP's global headquarters are in London. ATP Americas is based in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida; ATP Europe is headquartered in Monaco; and ATP International, which covers Africa, Asia and Australasia, is based in Sydney, Australia.
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The Connecticut Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was a WTA Premier Tournament on the WTA Tour until its final edition in 2018. From 2005 through 2010 the tournament was also part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the ATP Tour. It was held annually at the Cullman-Heyman Tennis Center in New Haven, Connecticut, United States, just before the fourth and last Grand Slam tournament of the year, the US Open. In 2019, the tournament sanction was sold to APG, a sports and entertainment company, which transferred it to Zhengzhou, China.
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Swedish Pro Tennis Championships is a now defunct men's tennis championship only played in 1972 and 1973.
The 1973 Volvo International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in the United States. The event was part of the 1973 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix circuit and classified as C category. The tournament was held from July 23 through July 29, 1973. Eighth-seeded Vijay Amritraj won the singles title.
The 1974 Volvo International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Mount Washington Resort in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in the United States. The tournament was part of the 1974 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix and was classified in the Group B tier. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held from August 5 through August 9, 1974. First-seeded Rod Laver won the singles title.
The 1975 Volvo International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in North Conway, New Hampshire, in the United States and was part of the 1975 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix. The tournament was held from August 4 though August 10, 1975, and first-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title.
The 1976 Volvo International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in North Conway, New Hampshire in the United States and was part of the 1976 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix circuit. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from August 1 through August 8, 1976. First-seeded Jimmy Connors won the singles title and the accompanying $10,000 first-prize money. Due to persistent rainfall that preceded the arrival of Hurricane Belle the final was moved to the indoor courts at Algonquin Tennis Center.
The 1985 Volvo International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Stratton Mountain Resort in Stratton Mountain, Vermont, United States, and was part of the 1985 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the 13th edition of the tournament and was held from August 5 through August 12, 1985. First-seeded John McEnroe won the singles title and earned $40,000 first-prize money.
The 1986 Volvo International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Stratton Mountain Resort in Stratton Mountain, Vermont, United States, and was part of the 1986 Nabisco Grand Prix. The tournament ran from August 4 through August 11, 1986. First-seeded Ivan Lendl won the singles title.
The 1988 Volvo International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Stratton Mountain Resort in Stratton Mountain, Vermont, United States, and was part of the 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix. The tournament ran from July 25 through August 1, 1988. Andre Agassi won the singles title.
The 1984 Volvo Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Grand Prix tournaments and two team events.
The 1983 Volvo Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four grand slam tournaments, the Grand Prix tournaments, and two team tournaments (the Davis Cup and the World Team Cup. The circuit was administered by the Men's International Professional Tennis Council.
The 1982 Volvo Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four grand slam tournaments, the Grand Prix tournaments. The circuit was administered by the Men's International Professional Tennis Council (MIPTC). On 30 April 1981 World Championship Tennis (WCT) announced its withdrawal from the Grand Prix circuit, which it had been incorporated into since 1978, and the re-establishment of its own tour calendar for the 1982 season. To counter the threat of player leaving the Grand Prix tour for the WCT the MIPTC introduced a mandatory commitment to play at least 10 Grand Prix Super Series tournaments.
The 1981 Volvo Grand Prix was the only men's professional tennis circuit held that year. It consisted of the four Grand Slam tournaments and the Grand Prix tournaments. The World Championship Tennis (WCT) Tour was incorporated into the Grand Prix circuit. The WCT tour consisted of eight regular tournaments, a season's final, three tournaments categorized as special events and a doubles championship. In total 89 tournaments were held divided over 29 countries. The circuit was administered by the Men's International Professional Tennis Council (MIPTC).
The 1980 Volvo Grand Prix was a men's professional tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four grand slam tournaments, the Grand Prix tournaments. The Grand Prix circuit is a precursor to the ATP Tour.
The 1972 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit held that year and organized by the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF). It consisted of 33 Grand Prix tournaments in different categories including three of the four Grand Slam tournaments and was followed by a season-ending Masters tournament. The circuit ran from February through November.
The Memphis Open was a professional tennis tournament that ran from 1975 to 2017. From 1977 onwards, the event was held at the Racquet Club of Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee. The Memphis Open was the only ATP event in the United States which was played on indoor hard courts; it usually took place in February. For part of its history it was a combined men's and women's tournament, but for its final four years it was solely a men's tournament.
