Winfield massacre

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Winfield massacre
Location Winfield, Kansas, U.S.
DateAugust 13, 1903;122 years ago (1903-08-13)
c. 9:00 p.m. (CT)
Target Civilians
Attack type
Mass murder, mass shooting, murder–suicide
Weapon
Deaths10 (including the perpetrator)
Injured25+
PerpetratorGilbert A. Twigg

On August 13, 1903, a mass shooting occurred at a concert in Winfield, Kansas, United States. The perpetrator, 35-year-old Gilbert A. Twigg, fatally shot nine people and injured at least 25 others with a shotgun before committing suicide. [4]

Contents

The indiscriminate attack, uncommon for its time, has been described as "the precursor of modern mass shootings". [5]

Perpetrator

Undated photograph of Twigg GilbertTwigg.png
Undated photograph of Twigg

Twigg, born in Maryland in 1868, [4] was a miller and an Army veteran who served in the Philippine–American War and the American occupation of Cuba. [6] [7] Prior to his military service, he had lived in Great Falls, Montana, the Territory of New Mexico, and Burden, Kansas. [1] [8]

While in Winfield, he was an employee of Baden Mills and was known locally as "Crazy Twigg", though he was considered harmless, agreeable, and a hard worker. [8]

Massacre

At about 9:00 p.m. on Thursday, August 13, 1903, a concert was being held by W.H. Caman and his military band at the corner of Ninth Avenue and Main Street in Winfield for a crowd of approximately 2,000–5,000 people. [8] [9] [10] Twigg, while hidden in a nearby alley behind the city's Odd Fellows building, fired shots at the audience in rapid succession with a double-barreled shotgun. [9] Six died at the scene or shortly thereafter, and three later died in the hospital. [5] [11] After two men who were attending the concert entered the alley to disarm Twigg, he fatally shot himself with his revolver. [1]

In his boarding room, police found a letter written by Twigg addressed to the public in which he expressed disappointment following a breakup nearly a decade prior, as well as a desire to "[get] even" with residents of Winfield who he felt had shunned him and interfered in his personal life. They also found a letter addressed to a friend in Montana and dated September 1, 1902, which ended with: "it would have been much better for me if I had gotten married and settled down as you have done—I have no doubt that you are very happy, while I am not." [1] [5] [11]

Victims

Eight of the nine deceased victims were: [7] [12] [13]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Vengeance of a Maniac". Winfield Courier . August 20, 1903. Retrieved March 7, 2025– via newspapers.com.
  2. ↑ "Mass Murder in Winfield in 1903 - Gilbert Twigg". ausbcomp.com. Retrieved August 5, 2025.
  3. ↑ Weinman, Sarah (March 24, 2016). "How A Forgotten 1903 Killing Spree Became America's First Modern Mass Shooting". BuzzFeed . Retrieved August 5, 2025.
  4. 1 2 "A Twigg Snaps". New York Daily News . June 19, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2025– via newspapers.com.
  5. 1 2 3 Johnk, Zach (October 11, 2017). "Mass Killings of Long Ago: 3 Early Eruptions of 'Suppressed Rage'". The New York Times . Archived from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved March 7, 2025.
  6. ↑ Dickey, Christopher (April 24, 2003). "Shadowland: Beware Long Occupations". Newsweek . Archived from the original on May 6, 2022. Retrieved March 7, 2025.
  7. 1 2 "Tragedy at Winfield". The Sharon Advocate. August 19, 1903. Retrieved March 7, 2025– via newspapers.com.
  8. 1 2 3 "Maniac's Awful Deed". The Sun (Chanute, KS). August 14, 1903. Retrieved March 7, 2025– via newspapers.com.
  9. 1 2 "Five Are Dead at Winfield". The Wichita Eagle . August 14, 1903. Retrieved March 7, 2025– via newspapers.com.
  10. ↑ Weinman, Sarah (August 24, 2016). "The Winfield Massacre". The Cowley Courier Traveler. Archived from the original on May 4, 2022. Retrieved March 7, 2025.
  11. 1 2 "Twigg Killed Six Men". The New York Times . August 16, 1903. Retrieved March 7, 2025– via newspapers.com.
  12. ↑ "Six Were Killed!". Weekly Republican-Traveler. August 20, 1903. Retrieved March 7, 2025– via newspapers.com.
  13. ↑ "Funeral of Otis Carter". The Industrial Free Press. August 20, 1903. Retrieved March 7, 2025– via newspapers.com.