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The Opiliones are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. As of April 2017, over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, Dyspnoi, Laniatores, and Tetrophthalmi, which were named in 2014.
The Triaenonychidae are a family of harvestmen with about 120 genera and more than 440 described species.
The Stylocellidae are a family of harvestmen with about 30 described species, all of which occur from India to New Guinea. Members of this family are from one to seven millimeters long. While Stylocellus species have eyes, these are absent in the other two genera.
The Pettalidae are a family of harvestmen with 75 described species in 10 genera. Several undescribed species are known or assumed in some genera.
Ischyropsalididae is a family of harvestmen with 35 described species in 3 genera, found in Europe and North America.
Epedanidae is a family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about 200 described species. They are the sister group of the Gonyleptoidea.
Assamiidae are a family of harvestmen with more than 400 described species. It is the third most diverse family of the suborder Laniatores.
The Stygnopsidae are a small family of harvestmen, with almost all species found in Mexico.
The Stygnidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
The Cranaidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
The Zalmoxidae are a family of harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
Kimulidae is a small neotropical family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about thirty described species.
Podoctidae is a family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about 130 described species.
Theromaster is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There are at least two described species in Theromaster, found in the eastern United States.
Travunioidea is a superfamily of armoured harvestmen in the order Opiliones. There are 4 families and more than 70 described species in Travunioidea.
Paranonychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There are at least three described species in Paranonychus.
Stygnomma is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Stygnommatidae. There are more than 30 described species in Stygnomma.
References
- ↑ "Zalmoxis" at the Encyclopedia of Life
- ↑ Stargga, Wojciech (1989). "Harvestmen (Opiliones) from the Mascarene Islands and resurrection of the family Zalmoxidae" (PDF). Annals of the Natal Museum. 30: 1–8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 January 2014.
- ↑ Forster, R. R. (1955). "Further Australian Harvestmen (Archnida: Opiliones)". Australian Journal of Zoology. 3 (3): 354–411. doi:10.1071/zo9550354.
- ↑ Sharma, Prashant P.; Buenvaventa, Perry A. C.; Clouse, Ronald M.; Diesmos, Arvin C. & Giribet, Gonzalo (2012). "Forgotten gods: Zalmoxidae of the Philippines and Borneo (Opiliones: Laniatores)". Zootaxa. 3280: 29–55. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3280.1.2. Abstract
- ↑ Sharma, Prashant P.; Kury, Adriano B. & Giribet, Gonzalo (2011). "Zalmoxidae (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores) of the Paleotropics: a catalogue of Southeast Asian and Indo-Pacific species" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2972: 37–58. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 January 2014.
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