Zanthoxylum pinnatum

Last updated

Yellow wood
Zanthoxylum pinnatum Lord Howe Island.JPG
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Zanthoxylum
Species:
Z. pinnatum
Binomial name
Zanthoxylum pinnatum
Synonyms [1]
List
    • Blackburnia pinnataJ.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
    • Fagara pinnata(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Engl.
    • Ptelea pinnata(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) L.f.
    • Samara blackburnia Spreng. nom. illeg.
    • Xanthoxylon blackburnia C.Moore orth. var.
    • Xanthoxylon howeanum F.Muell. orth. var.
    • Xanthoxylum blackburniaF.Muell. orth. var.
    • Zanthoxylum blackburnia Benth. nom. illeg.
    • Zanthoxylum howeanumF.Muell. nom. inval., nom. nud.
    • Zanthoxylum pinnata(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) W.R.B.Oliv. orth. var.

Zanthoxylum pinnatum, commonly known as yellow wood, [2] is a species of flowering plant of the family Rutaceae native to Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. It is a tree with pinnate leaves, white male and female flowers arranged in groups in leaf axils, and spherical, purple follicles containing a single black seed.

Contents

Description

Zanthoxylum pinnatum is a tree that typically grows to a height of 10 m (33 ft). Its leaves are pinnate, usually with four to nine oblong to egg-shaped, slightly curved leaflets, mostly 50–80 mm (2.0–3.1 in) long and 30–45 mm (1.2–1.8 in) wide. The flowers are arranged in small to large groups in leaf axils with separate male and female flowers, the four sepals egg-shaped and 0.5–1 mm (0.020–0.039 in) long, the four or five petals white, lance-shaped and 2.5–3 mm (0.098–0.118 in) long. Flowering occurs from February to March and the fruit is a spherical, purple follicle about 8 mm (0.31 in) long containing a single black seed. [2] [3]

Taxonomy

Yellow wood was first formally described in 1775 by Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster who gave it the name Blackburnia pinnata in their book Characteres Generum Plantarum . [4] [5] In 1917, Walter Oliver changed the name to Zanthoxylum pinnatum in Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute . [6]

Distribution and habitat

Zanthoxylum pinnatum grows in forest on Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands but is not common on either island. [2] [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Acronychia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Acronychia is a genus of about fifty species of plants in the rue family Rutaceae. The leaves are simple or pinnate, and the flowers bisexual with four sepals, four petals and eight stamens. They have a broad distribution including in India, Malesia, Australia and the islands of the western Pacific Ocean. About twenty species are endemic to Australia.

<i>Banksia baxteri</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Western Australia

Banksia baxteri, commonly known as Baxter's banksia or bird's nest banksia, is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has greyish brown bark, hairy stems, deeply serrated leaves with triangular lobes and lemon-yellow flowers in an oval flower spike that grows on the end of branches.

<i>Banksia laevigata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Banksia laevigata, commonly known as the tennis ball banksia, is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has serrated, broadly linear to narrow wedge-shaped leaves, yellow or yellowish green flowers, depending on subspecies, and linear to elliptic follicles with a slightly wrinkled surface.

<i>Banksia meisneri</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to the south-west of Western Australia

Banksia meisneri, commonly known as Meisner's banksia, is a shrub that is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It has crowded, more or less linear leaves and in winter and spring, spikes of golden brown flowers followed by furry fruit which usually only open after fire.

<i>Zanthoxylum brachyacanthum</i> Species of tree

Zanthoxylum brachyacanthum, known as thorny yellow-wood, satinwood, satin tree or scrub mulga, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It is a rainforest shrub or tree with thick, cone-shaped spines on the trunk and prickles on the branches, pinnate leaves, and male and female flowers arranged in panicles.

<i>Grevillea acrobotrya</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to the southwest of Western Australia

Grevillea acrobotrya is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a prickly, spreading to erect shrub with egg-shaped to trowel-shaped leaves with sharply-tipped lobes, and white to cream-coloured flowers with smaller leaves at the base.

<i>Sarcomelicope simplicifolia</i> Species of tree

Sarcomelicope simplicifolia, commonly known as bauerella, hard aspen or yellow-wood, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia including Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, male or female flowers arranged in small groups in leaf axils and fruit an oval to spherical drupe.

<i>Acronychia laevis</i> Species of flowering plant

Acronychia laevis, commonly known as hard aspen, glossy acronychia or northern white lilly pilly, is a species of shrub or small tree in the citrus family, and is endemic to eastern Australia. It has simple, elliptical to egg-shaped leaves, groups of creamy white flowers and fleshy, mitre-shaped to spherical fruit.

<i>Micromelum minutum</i> Species of flowering plant

Micromelum minutum, commonly known as limeberry, dilminyin. kimiar margibur, tulibas tilos (Philippines), sesi (Indonesia) and samui (Thailand), is a species of small tree or shrub in the citrus plant family Rutaceae. It occurs from India and Indochina to Australia. It has pinnate leaves with egg-shaped to lance-shaped leaflets, hairy, pale green or creamish, scented flowers arranged in large groups and yellow to orange or red, oval to spherical berries in dense clusters.

<i>Zanthoxylum nitidum</i> Species of flowering plant

Zanthoxylum nitidum, commonly known as shiny-leaf prickly-ash, tez-mui or liang mian zhen, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae. It is a woody climber with prickles on the branchlets, thick, cone-shaped spines on the trunk and older branches, pinnate leaves with five to nine leaflets, and panicles or racemes of white to pale yellow, male or female flowers in leaf axils and on the ends of branchlets.

Melicope contermina is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to Lord Howe Island. It has trifoliate leaves and white flowers borne in leaf axils in panicles of nine to fifteen flowers.

<i>Melicope polybotrya</i> Species of shrub

Melicope polybotrya is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to Lord Howe Island. It has trifoliate leaves and green flowers borne in short panicles in leaf axils.

<i>Balanophora fungosa</i> Species of plant in the family Balanophoraceae

Balanophora fungosa, sometimes known as fungus root is a flowering plant in the family Balanophoraceae and occurs in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia and some Pacific Islands. It is an obligate parasite growing on the roots of rainforest trees. The flowering structure is shaped like a puffball but in fact consists of a globe covered with thousands of tiny female flowers. The globe is surrounded at its base by a much smaller number of male flowers. In flower, the plant emits an odour resembling that of mice.

<i>Zanthoxylum rhetsa</i> Species of flowering plant

Zanthoxylum rhetsa, commonly known as Indian prickly ash, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae and occurs from India east to the Philippines and south to northern Australia. It is a deciduous shrub or tree with cone-shaped spines on the stems, pinnate leaves with between nine and twenty-three leaflets, panicles of white or yellowish, male and female flowers, followed by spherical red, brown or black follicles.

Petrophile axillaris is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southwestern Western Australia. It is a shrub with pinnately-divided, sharply-pointed leaves, and spherical heads of hairy pink or grey flowers.

<i>Petrophile drummondii</i> Species of shrub endemic to Western Australia

Petrophile drummondii is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southwestern Western Australia. It is a shrub with rigid, pinnate leaves with needle-shaped, sharply-pointed pinnae, and spherical heads of hairy, fragrant, yellow flowers.

<i>Petrophile glauca</i> Species of shrub endemic to Western Australia

Petrophile glauca is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southwestern Western Australia. It is a shrub with pinnately-divided, flattened, glaucous leaves and more or less spherical heads of hairy yellow to creamy-white flowers.

<i>Petrophile rigida</i> Species of shrub endemic to Western Australia

Petrophile rigida is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southwestern Western Australia. It is a shrub with rigid, branched, needle-shaped, sharply-pointed leaves, and more or less spherical heads of hairy yellow flowers.

<i>Thelymitra longifolia</i> Species of orchid

Thelymitra longifolia, commonly called the white sun orchid, common sun orchid or maikuku, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae that is endemic to New Zealand. It was the first of a large number of similar species to be described and is therefore the type species. It has a single grass-like leaf and up to five white flowers

<i>Zanthoxylum ovalifolium</i> Species of plant in the family Rutaceae

Zanthoxylum ovalifolium, commonly known as thorny yellowwood, oval-leaf yellow wood or little yellowwood, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae. It is a shrub or tree usually with trifoliate leaves, white, male and female flowers arranged in panicles in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets and red, purple or brown follicles.

References

  1. 1 2 "Zanthoxylum pinnatum". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 "New South Wales Flora Online: Zanthoxylum pinnatum". Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
  3. 1 2 Hartley, Thomas G. (2013). Annette J.G. Wilson (ed.). Flora of Australia (Volume 26). Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study. p. 252. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  4. "Blackburnia pinnata". APNI. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  5. Forster, Johann R.; Forster, Georg (1775). Characteres Generum Plantarum. London: Prostant apud B. White, T. Cadell, & P. Elmsly,1776. pp. 11–12. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  6. Oliver, Walter (1917). "The vegetation and flora of Lord Howe Island". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 49: 140. Retrieved 19 August 2020.