The list of marine crustaceans of South Africa is a list of saltwater species that form a part of the crustacean (Phylum Arthropoda, several classes) fauna of South Africa. This list does not include the freshwater and terrestrial crustaceans. The list follows the SANBI listing on iNaturalist, and does not always agree with WoRMS for distribution.
Contents
- Class Branchiopoda, subclass Diplostraca, infraclass Cladoceromorpha
- Superorder Cladocera, order Ctenopoda
- Superorder Cladocera, order Onychopoda
- Class Branchiopoda, subclass Sarsostraca
- Order Anostraca
- Superclass Multicrustacea, class Hexanauplia, subclass Copepoda, infraclass Neocopepoda
- Superorder Gymnoplea, order Calanoida
- Superorder Podoplea, order Harpacticoida
- Superorder Podoplea, order Cyclopoida
- Superorder Podoplea, order Harpacticoida, suborder Poecilostomatoida
- Subclass Thecostraca, infraclass Cirripedia
- Superorder Thoracica, order Lepadiformes, suborder Lepadomorpha
- Order Scalpelliformes
- Order Sessilia, suborder Balanomorpha
- Class Malacostraca, subclass Eumalacostraca
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Amphilochida, parvorder Amphilochidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Amphilochida, parvorder Eusiridira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Amphilochida, parvorder Oedicerotidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Lysianassida, Parvorder Haustoriidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Lysianassida, Parvorder Lysianassidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Amphilochidea, infraorder Lysianassida, Parvorder Synopiidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Colomastigidea, infraorder Colomastigida, parvorder Colomastigidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Hyperiidea, infraorder Physocephalata, parvorder Physocephalatidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Bogidiellida, parvorder Bogidiellidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Corophiida , parvorder Caprellidira
- Superfamily Caprelloidea, family Caprellidae, subfamily Caprellinae
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Corophiida , parvorder Corophiidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Gammarida, parvorder Crangonyctidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Gammarida, parvorder Gammaridira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Hadziida, parvorder Hadziidira
- Superorder Peracarida, order Amphipoda, suborder Senticaudata, infraorder Talitrida, parvorder Talitridira
- Class Malacostraca, subclass Eumalacostraca temp break
- Superorder Peracarida, order Cumacea
- Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Dendrobranchiata
- Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Achelata
- Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Astacidea
- Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Anomura
- Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Axiidea
- Superorder Eucarida, order Decapoda, suborder Pleocyemata, infraorder Brachyura, section Eubrachyura, subsection Heterotremata
- Superfamily Hexapodoidea, family Hexapodidae
- Eubrachyura (section); Thoracotremata (subsection)
- Parvorder Podotremata
- Brachyura incertae sedis (section)
- Infraorder Caridea
- Infraorder Gebiidea
- Infraorder Stenopodidea
- Order Euphausiacea
- Superorder Peracarida, order Isopoda, suborder Valvifera
- Suborder Cymothoida
- Suborder Limnoriidea
- Suborder Sphaeromatidea
- Suborder Asellota
- Suborder Asellota 2
- Suborder Cymothoida, infraorder Epicaridea
- Suborder Oniscidea
- Order Tanaidacea, suborder Tanaidomorpha
- Order Mysida
- Subclass Phyllocarida
- Superorder Leptostraca, order Nebaliacea
- Subclass Hoplocarida
- Order Stomatopoda, suborder Unipeltata
- Class Ostracoda
- Extras
- Notes
- References
Crustaceans (Crustacea /krʌˈsteɪʃə/ ) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such animals as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimps, prawns, krill, woodlice, and barnacles. The crustacean group can be treated as a subphylum under the clade Mandibulata; because of recent molecular studies it is now well accepted that the crustacean group is paraphyletic, and comprises all animals in the clade Pancrustacea other than hexapods. Some crustaceans (Remipedia, Cephalocarida, Malacostraca) are more closely related to insects and the other hexapods than they are to certain other crustaceans.
The 67,000 described species range in size from Stygotantulus stocki at 0.1 mm (0.004 in), to the Japanese spider crab with a leg span of up to 3.8 m (12.5 ft) and a mass of 20 kg (44 lb). Like other arthropods, crustaceans have an exoskeleton, which they moult to grow. They are distinguished from other groups of arthropods, such as insects, myriapods and chelicerates, by the possession of biramous (two-parted) limbs, and by their larval forms, such as the nauplius stage of branchiopods and copepods.
Most crustaceans are free-living aquatic animals, but some are terrestrial (e.g. woodlice), some are parasitic (e.g. Rhizocephala, fish lice, tongue worms) and some are sessile (e.g. barnacles). The group has an extensive fossil record, reaching back to the Cambrian, and includes living fossils such as Triops cancriformis , which has existed apparently unchanged since the Triassic period. More than 7.9 million tons of crustaceans per year are produced by fishery or farming for human consumption, most of it being shrimp and prawns. Krill and copepods are not as widely fished, but may be the animals with the greatest biomass on the planet, and form a vital part of the food chain. The scientific study of crustaceans is known as carcinology (alternatively, malacostracology, crustaceology or crustalogy), and a scientist who works in carcinology is a carcinologist. ( Full article... )
