Notes
- ↑ Rajbanshi at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019)
Kayort at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019) - ↑ Toulmin 2009, p. 16.
- ↑ Toulmin 2009, p. 3.
- ↑ Wilde 2008, p. [ page needed ].
| Rajbanshi | |
|---|---|
| राजबंशी Tajpuria | |
| Native to | Nepal |
| Region | Jhapa District, Morang District |
| Ethnicity | Rajbanshi |
Native speakers | 170,000 (2011) [1] |
| Devanagari | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either: rjs – Rajbanshi kyv – Kayort |
| Glottolog | rajb1243 Rajbanshi kayo1247 Kayort |
Rajbanshi (also called Tajpuria [2] ) is a Bengali-Assamese language spoken in Nepal. It is related to, but distinct from Rangpuri/Kamta in Bangladesh and India, which is also known by the alternative name "Rajbanshi", with which it forms the KRNB cluster. [3]
This section is based on Wilde 2008.
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | voiceless | p | t̪ | ʈ | k | ||
| aspirated | pʰ | t̪ʰ | ʈʰ | kʰ | |||
| voiced | b | d̪ | ɖ | ɡ | |||
| breathy | bʱ | d̪ʱ | ɖʱ | ɡʱ | |||
| Affricate | voiceless | ts | |||||
| aspirated | tsʰ | ||||||
| voiced | dz | ||||||
| breathy | dzʱ | ||||||
| Fricative | s | (ʃ) | h | ||||
| Nasal | plain | m | n̪ | ŋ | |||
| breathy | mʱ | n̪ʱ | ŋʱ | ||||
| Trill | plain | r | |||||
| breathy | rʱ | ||||||
| Approximant | lateral | l | |||||
| lateral br. | lʱ | ||||||
| central | (w) | (j) | |||||
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | ||
| Mid | e | ʌ | o | |
| Low | æ | (ɐ) | ||
In addition to these vowels, Rangpuri has the following diphthongs: /ie,iæ,iu,iʌ,ui,uæ,uʌ,ei,eu,æi,æu,ʌi,ʌu/.
A lateral is a consonant in which the airstream proceeds along one or both of the sides of the tongue, but it is blocked by the tongue from going through the middle of the mouth. An example of a lateral consonant is the English L, as in Larry. Lateral consonants contrast with central consonants, in which the airstream flows through the center of the mouth.
In phonetics, rhotic consonants, or "R-like" sounds, are liquid consonants that are traditionally represented orthographically by symbols derived from the Greek letter rho, including ⟨R⟩, ⟨r⟩ in the Latin script and ⟨Р⟩, ⟨p⟩ in the Cyrillic script. They are transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet by upper- or lower-case variants of Roman ⟨R⟩, ⟨r⟩: ⟨r⟩, ⟨ɾ⟩, ⟨ɹ⟩, ⟨ɻ⟩, ⟨ʀ⟩, ⟨ʁ⟩, ⟨ɽ⟩, and ⟨ɺ⟩. Transcriptions for vocalic or semivocalic realisations of underlying rhotics include the ⟨ə̯⟩ and ⟨ɐ̯⟩.
A digraph or digram is a pair of characters used in the orthography of a language to write either a single phoneme, or a sequence of phonemes that does not correspond to the normal values of the two characters combined.
Kobon is a language of Papua New Guinea. It has somewhere around 90–120 verbs.
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Rangpuri is an eastern Indo-Aryan language of the Bengali-Assamese branch, spoken in Rangpur Division in Bangladesh, northern West Bengal and western Goalpara of Assam in India. Many are bilingual in Bengali and Assamese in their respective regions. According to Glottolog, it forms the Central-Eastern Kamta group with the Kamta language. Together with Rajbanshi and Surjapuri they form the Kamta group of languages.
The phonology of Bengali, like that of its neighbouring Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, is characterised by a wide variety of diphthongs and inherent back vowels.
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Hindustani is the lingua franca of northern India and Pakistan, and through its two standardized registers, Hindi and Urdu, a co-official language of India and co-official and national language of Pakistan respectively. Phonological differences between the two standards are minimal.
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