Unicode font

Last updated

A Unicode font is a computer font that maps glyphs to code points defined in the Unicode Standard. [1] The vast majority of modern computer fonts use Unicode mappings, even those fonts which only include glyphs for a single writing system, or even only support the basic Latin alphabet. Fonts which support a wide range of Unicode scripts and Unicode symbols are sometimes referred to as "pan-Unicode fonts", although as the maximum number of glyphs that can be defined in a TrueType font is restricted to 65,535, it is not possible for a single font to provide individual glyphs for all defined Unicode characters (149,813 characters, with Unicode 15.1). This article lists some widely used Unicode fonts (shipped with an operating system or produced by a well-known commercial font company) that support a comparatively large number and broad range of Unicode characters.

Contents

Background

The Unicode standard does not specify or create any font (typeface), a collection of graphical shapes called glyphs, itself. Rather, it defines the abstract characters as a specific number (known as a code point) and also defines the required changes of shape depending on the context the glyph is used in (e.g., combining characters, precomposed characters and letter-diacritic combinations). The choice of font, which governs how the abstract characters in the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) are converted into a bitmap or vector output that can then be viewed on a screen or printed, is left up to the user. If a font is chosen which does not contain a glyph for a code point used in the document, it typically displays a question mark, a box, or some other substitute character.

Computer fonts use various techniques to display characters or glyphs. A bitmap font contains a grid of dots known as pixels forming an image of each glyph in each face and size. Outline fonts (also known as vector fonts) use drawing instructions or mathematical formulæ to describe each glyph. Stroke fonts use a series of specified lines (for the glyph's border) and additional information to define the profile, or size and shape of the line in a specific face and size, which together describe the appearance of the glyph.

Fonts also include embedded special orthographic rules to output certain combinations of letterforms (an alternative symbols for the same letter) be combined into special ligature forms (mixed characters). Operating systems, web browsers (user agent), and other software that extensively use typography, use a font to display text on the screen or print media, and can be programmed to use those embedded rules. Alternatively, they may use external script-shaping technologies (rendering technology or “smart font” engine), and they can also be programmed to use either a large Unicode font, or use multiple different fonts for different characters or languages.

No single "Unicode font" includes all the characters defined in the present revision of ISO 10646 (Unicode) standard, as more and more languages and characters are continually added to it, and common font formats cannot contain more than 65,535 glyphs (about half the number of characters encoded in Unicode). As a result, font developers and foundries incorporate new characters in newer versions or revisions of a font, or in separate auxiliary fonts intended specifically for particular languages.

UCS has over 1.1 million code points, but only the first 65,536 (the Plane 0: Basic Multilingual Plane, or BMP) had entered into common use before 2000.

See the Unicode planes article for more information on other planes, including: Plane 1: Supplementary Multilingual Plane (SMP), Plane 2: Supplementary Ideographic Plane (SIP), Plane 14: Supplementary Special-purpose Plane (SSP), Plane 15 and 16: reserved for Private Use Areas (PUA).

The first Unicode fonts (with very large character sets and supporting many Unicode blocks) were Lucida Sans Unicode (released March 1993), Unihan font (1993), and Everson Mono (1995).

Issues

There are typographical ambiguities in Unicode, so that some of the unified Han characters (seen in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) will be typographically different in different regions. For example, Unicode point U+9AA8 is typographically different between simplified Chinese and traditional Chinese. This has implications for the idea that a single typeface can satisfy the needs of all locales. [2] The design of Unicode ensures that such differences do not create semantic ambiguity, but the use of incorrect forms is often considered visually awkward or aesthetically inappropriate to native readers of East Asian languages.

Application of Unicode fonts

Unicode is now the standard encoding for many new standards and protocols, and is built into the architecture of operating systems (Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS, and many versions of Unix and Linux), programming languages (Ada, Perl, Python, Java, Common LISP, APL), and libraries (IBM International Components for Unicode (ICU), along with the Pango, Graphite, Scribe, Uniscribe, and ATSUI rendering engines), font formats (TrueType and OpenType) and so on. Many other standards are also getting upgraded to be Unicode-compliant.

Utility software

Here is a selection of some of the utility software that can identify the characters present in a font file:

List of Unicode fonts

Of the many Unicode fonts available, those listed below are the most commonly used worldwide on mainstream computing platforms.

List of Unicode Fonts
FontCharsGlyphsKernpairs
(standard)
Point (range) : hinting/smoothing behaviorVersion & dateFilename,
size
Font familyFont weight,
style
Font
type
Serif
style
LicenseCreator / author (copyright)Notes
Arial 3,9883,9889090~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v6.80
2012-05-11
arial.ttf
(756 KB)
ArialMedium (Normal), RegularOTF+TTO Normal Sans Proprietary (2008) Monotype Corporation Included with Microsoft Windows
Arial Unicode MS 38,91750,37700~6: Smoothed.
7~18: Hinted.
19+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v1.01 sfnt rev 1
2002-11-18
ARIALUNI.TTF
(22.1 MB)
Arial Unicode MS [3] Medium (Normal), RegularOTF+TTO Normal Sans Proprietary Agfa Monotype Corporation.
Monotype Corporation.
Included with Microsoft Office 2013 and earlier versions
Bitstream Cyberbit 32,96129,9349350~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v2.0 beta
1998-03-22
Cyberbit.ttf
(12.7 MB)
Bitstream CyberbitMedium (Normal), Roman TTF Cove Freeware Bitstream Inc. For non-commercial use only.
BitstreamCyberCJK30,27528,6869350~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v2.0 beta
1998-03-17
Cyberbit.ttf
(12.4 MB)
Bitstream CyberCJKMedium (Normal), Book, Roman TTF CoveFreewareBitstream Inc.For non-commercial use only.
Brampton1,9161,9790 v0.16
2011-09-22
Brampton.ttf
(622 kB)
Brampton TTF Slab serif OFL Christ Trek fonts
Cardo 2,8792,8822160~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v0.099 sfnt rev 0.098999
2010-05-23
Cardo99s.ttf
(706 KB)
CardoMedium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF Cove OFL v1.1David J. Perry More Info.
Caslon Roman 3,6833,6860v001.000
2003-10-23
CaslonRoman.sfd
(3.70 MB)
CaslonRoman TTF   BSD-like licenseGeorge Williams 
Charis SIL 2,1724,66100~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v4.106 sfnt rev 4.106
2009-03-18
CharisSILR.ttf
(1.57 MB)
Charis SILMedium (Normal), Regular TTF Any OFL SIL International 
Chryſanþi Unicode (Chrysanthi Unicode)4,8184,38300+: Hinted & Smoothed.v3.1
2001-07-15
chrysuni.ttf
(737 KB)
Chrysanthi UnicodeMedium (Normal), Regular TTF AnyFreewareDolgthrasir Mioethdrauci.
Every Witch Way.
Commercial use must be first approved by author.
ClearlyU9,538
(8388 +1150)
0v1.9
2002-11-22
cu12.bdf
(1.13 MB)
& related other fonts in pkg
ClearlyUMedium Bitmap FreewareMark Leisher. Computing Research lab, New Mexico State University. 
Code2000 53,06863,5462390~5: Smoothed.
6~6: Hinted.
7+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v1.171 sfnt rev 1.1709
2008-06-12
CODE2000.TTF
(7.98 MB)
Code2000Medium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF AnyShareware
(unrestricted)
James Kass See SMP fonts for Code2001, Code2002.
DejaVu Sans 5,4675,7622,6370~6: Smoothed.
7+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v2.32 sfnt rev 2.31999
2010-08-22
DejaVuSans.ttf
(667 KB)
DejaVu SansMedium (Normal), BookOTF+TTO Normal Sans Bitstream Vera license and public domain for additionsBitstream, Inc.
Tavmjong Bah.
public domain.
 
Doulos SIL 2,1724,66100~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14~24: Hinted & Smoothed.
25+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v4.106
2009-03-18
DoulosSILR.ttf
(1.64 MB)
Doulos SILMedium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF Any OFL SIL International 
Everson Mono 6,3916,39900~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v5.203 sfnt rev v5.203
2010-07-03
Everson Mono.ttf
(1.91 MB)
Everson MonoMedium (Normal), Regular TTF AnyShareware
(unrestricted)
Michael Everson Monospaced width.
Gentium Regular 1,4691,6992,8570~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v1.02; 2005; sfnt rev 1.02
2005-11-20
GenR102.TTF
(354 KB)
GentiumBook, Regular TTF Any OFL J. Victor Gaultney. SIL International 
Gentium Plus 2,5135,58600~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Smoothed.
v1.502 sfnt rev 1.502
2010-8-19
GentiumPlus-R.ttf
(1.54 MB)
Gentium PlusMedium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF Any OFL SIL International 
GNU FreeFont 7,2038,99536,3020~7: Smoothed.
8~16: Hinted.
17+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v0412.2263 sfnt rev 412.226 (FreeSerif)
2012-05-03
FreeSerif.ttf
(3.2MiB) FreeSans.ttf
(1.5MiB) FreeMono.ttf
(572KiB)
FreeSerif FreeSans FreeMonoMedium (Normal) TTF Cove GNU GPL Free Software Foundation
GNU Unifont (Unifont)63,44663,44900+: Smoothed.v15.0.06

2015-6-4

unifont-
8.0.01.ttf

(12MiB) unifont_upper_csur-
8.0.01.ttf

(2.2MiB)
unifontMedium (Normal)Bitmap, TTF,

OTF

Any GNU GPL Roman Czyborra More info.
HAN NOM A,
HAN NOM B
32,328
45,020
34,147
45,175
0
0
0~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v2.0; 2005 sfnt rev 2
2005-02-05
HAN NOM A.TTF
(20.3 MB)
HAN NOM B.TTF
(32.2 MB)
HAN NOM A
HAN NOM B
Medium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF No FitFreewareChan Nguyen, Thien Vien Chieu, To Minh Tam More Info.
Horta1,8581,9880v0.7
2016-05-16
Horta demo.ttf
(127 kB)
Horta TTF Sans OFL Christ Trek fonts
Junicode 3,0223,09614,4380~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v0.6.17 sfnt rev 0.599991
2009-07-11
Junicode
-Regular.ttf

(752 KB)
JunicodeMedium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF Any GNU GPL Peter S. Baker More info.
Kelvinch3,5253,516Roman 8231/64858
Italic 12732/85349
Bold 7751/87753
Bold-Italic 12364/78554
0~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
V3.1
2016-04-03
Kelvinch-Roman.otf (1,070KB)
Kelvinch-Italic.otf (1,198 KB)
Kelvinch-Bold.otf (1,055 KB)
Kelvinch-BoldItalic.otf (1,193 KB)
KelvinchRoman (Normal)
Italic
Bold
Bold-Italic
OTF+TTO Oblique Square Cove OFL Paul J. Miller Kelvinch Download Page
Linux Libertine 2,5492,55200~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v4.7.5 sfnt rev 4.7
2010-06-15
LinLibertine
_Re-4.7.5.ttf

(893 KB)
Linux LibertineMedium (Normal), Book, RegularOTF+TTO Any GNU GPL, OFL Philipp H. Poll More Info.
Lucida Grande 2,2452,82600~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted & Smoothed.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v5.0d8e1 sfnt rev 1.2
2003-03-07
Lucida Grande.ttf
(1.07 MB)
Lucida GrandeMedium (Normal), RegularOTFNormal Sans Proprietary Bigelow & Holmes IncIncluded with Mac OS X. Any proportion.
Lucida Sans Unicode 1,7651,77600~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted & Smoothed.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v2.00
1998-08-12
l_10646.ttf
(316 KB)
Lucida SansMedium (Normal), RegularOTF+TTO Normal Sans Proprietary Bigelow & Holmes IncIncluded with Microsoft Windows.
Microsoft JhengHei 28,95829,2205830~6: Smoothed.
7~20: Hinted & Smoothed.
21+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v6.02 sfnt rev 6.02
2009-02-25
msjh.ttf
(20.6 MB)
Microsoft JhengHeiMedium (Normal), Book, RegularOTF+TTO Normal Sans Proprietary Microsoft Corporation Included with Microsoft Windows 7
Microsoft Sans Serif 2,7883,07700~6: Smoothed.
7~14: Hinted.
15+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v5.02 sfnt rev 5.02
2009-02-12
micross.ttf
(637 KB)
Microsoft Sans SerifMedium (Normal), Book, RegularOTF+TTO Normal Sans Proprietary Microsoft CorporationIncluded with Microsoft Windows.
New Gulim 46,56749,28400~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v3.10 sfnt rev 1
2002-10-29
nGulim.ttf
(24.5 MB)
New GulimMedium (Normal), Regular TTF Normal Sans. Obtuse Cove Proprietary HanYang System Co., LTD.Included with Microsoft Office. Any Proportion.
Noto 65,53565,5350N/A1.001N/ANotoThin, Light, DemiLight, Regular, Medium, Bold, Black OTF Normal Sans OFL GoogleIncluded with Android
PragmataPro 6,1487,41400~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
0.824
2016-09-16
PragmataProR_0824.ttf
(1.5 MB)
PragmataProRegular, Bold, Italic, Bold Italic, Mono Regular, Mono Bold, Mono Italic, Mono Bold Italic, TTF Normal Sans Proprietary Fabrizio Schiavi
Quivira11,05310,48600+: Smoothed.v4.1Quivira.otf
(1.41 MB)
QuiviraNormal OTF CoveFreewareAlexander LangeProportional Serif. More Info.
Segoe UI Regular 5,0088,2930~6: Smoothed.
7+: Hinted & Smoothed
v5.32
2013-07-30
segoeui.ttf
(822 KB)
Segoe UIRegular TTF Any Proprietary Microsoft CorporationIncluded with Microsoft Windows.
Squarish Sans CT 1,6091,7570 v0.10
2011-09-22
Squarish Sans CT Regular.ttf
(106 kB)
Squarish Sans CT TTF Sans OFL Christ Trek fonts A version of the popular Bank Gothic
STIX 3,2903,2921,0160+: Hinting & Smoothed.v1.0.0 sfnt rev 1.0
2010-04-29
STIXGeneral.otf
(404 KB)
STIXGeneralMedium (Normal), Book, RegularOTFAnyFreewareThe STI Pub Companies. [4] The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. MicroPress, Inc. Elsevier, Inc. More Info.
Sun-ExtA,
Sun-ExtB
50,112
47,564
50,016
47,660
0
0
(A) 0~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
(B) 0~7: Smoothed.
8~18: Hinted.
19+: Hinted & Smoothed.
(A) v5.4 sfnt rev 5
2009-01-03
(B) v5.4 sfnt rev 5.39999
2009-02-02
Sun-ExtA.ttf
(21.9 MB)
Sun-ExtB.ttf
(16.8 MB)
Sun-ExtA
Sun-ExtB
Medium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF No FitBoth Freeware.
Proprietary
okuc.
Beijing ZhongYi Electronics Co.
§ More Info (in Chinese).
Tahoma 1,9123,4126740~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v5.06
2009-02-12
tahoma.ttf
(681 KB)
Tahoma (typeface)Medium (Normal), RegularOTF+TTO Normal Sans Proprietary Microsoft CorporationIncluded with Microsoft Windows.
Times New Roman 2,7903,4148670~6: Smoothed.
7~13: Hinted.
14+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v5.05
2009-02-06
times.ttf
(816 KB)
Times New RomanMedium (Normal), RegularOTF+TTO CoveProprietary;only some versions up to version 2.82 were Freeware [5] The Monotype Corporation.Proportional Serif. Included with Microsoft Windows.
TITUS Cyberbit Basic 9,20910,04400~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v3.0 (2000) sfnt rev 4
2005-10-08
TITUSCBZ.TTF
(1.91 MB)
TITUS Cyberbit BasicMedium (Normal), Regular TTF CoveFreewareBitstream Inc / TITUS project. 
WenQuanYi Bitmap Song [6] 41,295154,99701.0.0-RC1WenQuanYi Bitmap SongRegularMulti-strike Bitmap FontSong(Serif) Style for Chinese GNU GPL It has full coverage to GB18030 Hanzi at 11-16px font sizes. More info.
WenQuanYi Micro Hei [7] 34,70748,75500.2.0-betaWenQuanYi Micro Hei and WenQuanYi Micro Hei MonoRegular, Light TTC Hei(Sans) Style for Chinese GNU GPL Derived from the Droid Sans font (merged with Droid Sans Fallback) and is readable in compact sizes.
WenQuanYi Zen Hei [8] 42,28543,6430v0.9.45 sfnt rev 0.89994
2010-03-11
wqy-zenhei.ttc
(16.0 MB)
WenQuanYi Zen Hei, WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono and WenQuanYi Zen Hei SharpMedium, Regular TTC Hei(Sans) Style for Chinese GNU GPL Qianqian Fang and WenQuanYi Board of Trustees. More info.
Y.OzFontN21,95757,62100~18: Hinted & Smoothed.
19+: Hinted & Smoothed
v13.00 sfnt rev 5 Pen-Ji
2010-08-24
YOzRN.TTC
(13.5 MB)
YOzFontNRegular TTC AnyFreewareY.OzVoxSans-serif (for Japanese) and Monospace (for Latin). More info.
XITS 3,2903,2921,0160+: Hinting & Smoothed.v1.0.10
2011-04-25
xits-regular.otf
(247 KB)
XITSMedium (Normal), Book, RegularOTFAny OFL Khaled Hosny [9] First four columns are identical to STIX of which this is math extension. More Info.
FontChar(s)GlyphsKernpairs
(standard)
Point (range) : hinting/smoothing behaviorVersion & dateFilename,
size
Font familyFont weight,
style
Font
type
Serif
style
LicenseCreator / author (copyright)Notes
Note
^‡ OTF+TTO: OpenType font with TrueType outlines.
^‡ OpenType fonts sometimes don't contain a one-by-one kernpair table but a kern-by-classes table where groups of similar characters are seen as one kern group. For instance, V and W have nearly the same left and right geometry. So “0” doesn't mean that no kerning is supported.
^⸶ Register after "reasonable" period (author's words).
^⸷ Includes more than 27,000 Hanzi glyphs from WenQuanYi Bitmap Song font.
^⸸ Han Nom A covers mainly CJK U Ideographs Ext A, and Han Nom B covers mostly Ext B.
Sun-Ext A covers 102 blocks of different languages. Sun-ExtB covers mostly CJK Supplement, CJK U Ideographs Ext B, C, TaiXuan Jing.
^⸹ Zen Hei, Zen Hei Mono and Zen Hei Sharp co-exist in a single TTC file; also with embedded bitmaps. Latin/Hangul derived from UnDotum, Bopomofo derived from cwTeX, mono-spaced Latin from M+ M2 Light. Full CJK coverage. Included with Fedora Linux, Ubuntu Linux.

Comparison of fonts

Number of characters included by the above version of fonts, for different Unicode blocks are listed below. Basic Latin (128: 0000–007F) means that in the range called 'Basic Latin', there are 128 assigned codes, numbered 0 to 7F. The cells then show the number of those codes which are covered by each font. Unicode blocks listed are valid for Unicode version 8.0.

Cells shaded green indicate complete coverage.
Cells shaded blue are not complete, but are the most complete of the fonts listed.
Empty cells indicate that no character exists in that block.

0000–077F

Unicode Fonts
  U+21A7.svg   BMP (Plane 0)
Font  U+2192.svg

Range  U+21B4.svg
Non-Unicode Glyphs70311,4601,5662310,4782,67312952,67382,4513,25747635892634434,5622,5776247048662,007954
Unassigned Code Points (0000-10FFFF)2612110217112,42112113267137118
Total Characters in BMP (61,589: 0000–FFFF)2,71228,1072,1753,68153,0681,9854,3725,1611,9855,6396,4482,32660,6913,0192,5472,23628,9562,63446,24749,9452,7882,7109,17741,55921,225
C0 Control Character (32: 0000–001F)3111113111313132
Basic Latin (95: 0020–007E)95959595959595959595959595959595959595959595959595959595
Delete Character (1: 007F-007F)111111111111111111111111
C1 Control Character (32: 0080-009F)323232
Latin-1 Supplement (96: 00A0–00FF)94969596969696969596969696969696969696969496969494969596
Latin Extended-A (128: 0100–017F)128128128127128128128128128128128128128128128128128128128812812812812812812829128
Latin Extended-B (208: 0180–024F)2081482085217820818818817820818820820820820818219418311912087208208208183828
IPA Extensions (96: 0250–02AF)9689969694969694949696969696969496968996969696969655
Spacing Modifier Letters (80: 02B0–02FF)80577980638075636263758080758063808057128010808080801114
Combining Diacritical Marks (112: 0300–036F)112721121128211210382829310311211210711210911110668110911211011210632
Greek and Coptic (135: 0370–03FF)1261051341241101341776110134171351341201358011010691117126731271231261177276
Cyrillic (256: 0400–04FF)2542262532238256214238244256214256256214256230244153254942532542542469266
Cyrillic Supplement (48: 0500–052F)2416363416363438403440162420242415
Armenian (89: 0530–058F)858586848686868787868686
Hebrew (87: 0590–05FF)8782468682866082548787875382518787878783
Arabic (255: 0600–06FF)225194601018569201161252254232225225225183
Syriac (77: 0700–074F)50777776
Arabic Supplement (48: 0750–077F)304848303030
U+2191.svg
Range

Font   U+2192.svg

Range  U+21B4.svg

0780–139F

U+2191.svg
Range

Font   U+2192.svg

Range  U+21B4.svg
Thaana (50: 0780–07BF)50505050505050
NKo (59: 07C0–07FF)595459
Samaritan (61: 0800–083F)61
Mandaic (29: 0840–085F)29
Arabic Extended-A (50: 08A0–08FF)39
Devanagari (128: 0900–097F)104112104103127127105106
Bengali (93: 0980–09FF)899189929290
Gurmukhi (79: 0A00–0A7F)7579797977
Gujarati (85: 0A80–0AFF)788378848478
Oriya (90: 0B00–0B7F)7984909079
Tamil (72: 0B80–0BFF)6171727270
Telugu (96: 0C00–0C7F)8093429380
Kannada (87: 0C80–0CFF)808686
Malayalam (100: 0D00–0D7F)7895989878
Sinhala (90: 0D80–0DFF)8080
Thai (87: 0E00–0E7F)878786878718787878787878787
Lao (67: 0E80–0EFF)656565656765
Tibetan (211: 0F00–0FFF)16816855211193
Myanmar (Burmese) (160: 1000–109F)15616078
Georgian (88: 10A0–10FF)78183788388838817883
Hangul Jamo: Choseong (96: 1100-115F)91919196969647
Hangul Jamo: Jungseong (72: 1160-11A7)676772727237
Hangul Jamo: Jongseong (88: 11A8-11FF)828288828262
Ethiopic (Ge'ez) (358: 1200–137F)356345345358345346
Ethiopic Supplement (Ge'ez) (26: 1380–139F)2626
U+2191.svg
Range

Font   U+2192.svg

Range  U+21B4.svg

13A0–1DBF

U+2191.svg
Range

Font   U+2192.svg

Range  U+21B4.svg
Cherokee (92: 13A0–13FF)85858592858585
Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics (640: 1400–167F)2964063043364064064064029
Ogham (29: 1680–169F)2929292929292929
Runic (89: 16A0–16FF)81818181818981818181811
Tagalog (Baybayin) (20: 1700–171F)20
Hanunoo (Hanunó'o) (23: 1720–173F)223232
Buhid (20: 1740–175F)202020
Tagbanwa (18: 1760–177F)18
Khmer (114: 1780–17FF)1141141031
Mongolian (156: 1800–18AF)155156155
Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics Extended (70: 18B0–18FF)291970707019
Limbu (68: 1900–194F)666666
Tai Le (35: 1950–197F)3535
New Tai Lue (Tai Lü) (83: 1980–19DF)83
Khmer Symbols (32: 19E0–19FF)3232
Buginese (30: 1A00–1A1F)303030
Tai Tham (127: 1A20–1AAF)127
Combining Diacritical Marks Extended (15: 1AB0–1AFF)15
Balinese (121: 1B00–1B7F)121
Sundanese (64: 1B80–1BBF)64
Batak (56: 1BC0–1BFF)56
Lepcha (74: 1C00–1C4F)74
Ol Chiki (48: 1C50–1C7F)4848
Sundanese Supplement (8: 1CC0–1CCF)8
Vedic Extensions (41: 1CD0–1CFF)39
Phonetic Extensions (128: 1D00–1D7F)1281712810910610912812811012810922108128128128128108
Phonetic Extensions Supplement (64: 1D80–1DBF)6464643864646464364646464
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1DC0–257F

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Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement (58: 1DC0–1DFF)1321356558335432613131313
Latin Extended Additional (256: 1E00–1EFF)2472469688246256256246246252256256256256256256256246824782462472472478
Greek Extended (233: 1F00–1FFF)2332332332332332332332332332332332332322332332332332332332334
General Punctuation (111: 2000–206F)5463966569106745677107741111017411177598567274525974454622091
Superscripts and Subscripts (42: 2070–209F)628349282934292834344234344229342928166346629634
Currency Symbols (31: 20A0-20CF)221325616222215162322302622272918121722422222212218
Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols (33: 20D0–20FF)118332028520753333533121271127
Letterlike Symbols (80: 2100–214F)95775135980559597558077580103132574810778810975
Number Forms (60: 2150–218F)74858449545449495554605854585050494105265057283053
Arrows (112: 2190–21FF)791112141001121992100112191121121911234209181311272012112
Mathematical Operators (256: 2200–22FF)162422462424225621242242256212562562125616821824226134325614165251256
Miscellaneous Technical (251: 2300–23FF)41232333657228274154652725519627244614141015211471209
Control Pictures (39: 2400–243F)3739393913921393913911373914
Optical Character Recognition (11: 2440–245F)111111101111111111
Enclosed Alphanumerics (160: 2460–24FF)139160731601391016010160160114182160112139160
Box Drawing (128: 2500–257F)40128115112812812812812812812853971284099117128
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2580–2DFF

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Block Elements (32: 2580–259F)822202232223232323221188328102032
Geometric Shapes (96: 25A0–25FF)1680928889629588962969629612618791673496716382996
Miscellaneous Symbols (256: 2600–267F)12106118311081271281282561281284451462241251122533128
Dingbats (Zapf Dingbats) (192: 2700–27BF)16062174217011742256191219112143174174
Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-A (48: 27C0–27EF)32822248404811616
Supplemental Arrows-A (16: 27F0–27FF)8223216162216421228
Braille Patterns (256: 2800–28FF)256256256256256256256256256
Supplemental Arrows-B (128: 2900–297F)61286128128128128
Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B (128: 2980–29FF)212813681281128128
Supplemental Mathematical Operators (256: 2A00–2AFF)2561072194272561256256
Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows (206: 2B00–2BFF)82351558715
Glagolitic (94: 2C00–2C5F)869494
Latin Extended-C (32: 2C60-2C7F)21291231123232123251721172121
Coptic (123: 2C80–2CFF)11412366123114
Georgian Supplement (40: 2D00–2D2F)404038
Tifinagh (59: 2D30–2D7F)5555595759
Ethiopic Extended (79: 2D80–2DDF)7979
Cyrillic Extended-A (32: 2DE0–2DFF)323232
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2E00–4DBF

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Supplemental Punctuation (67: 2E00–2E7F)1244966837602291111
CJK Radicals Supplement (115: 2E80–2EFF)115115115115115
Kangxi Radicals (214: 2F00–2FDF)214214214214214
Ideographic Description Characters (12: 2FF0–2FFF)121212
CJK Symbols and Punctuation (64: 3000–303F)576412964401864641764314645
Hiragana (93: 3040–309F)90939093908693938393909393
Katakana (96: 30A0–30FF)94969496949296968696949596
Bopomofo (41: 3100–312F)404141374139403741
Hangul Compatibility Jamo (94: 3130–318F)94949494949494941
Kanbun (16: 3190–319F)161616141616161416
Bopomofo Extended (27: 31A0–31BF)24242724244
CJK Strokes (36: 31C0–31EF)3636363636
Katakana Phonetic Extensions (16: 31F0–31FF)161616161616
Enclosed CJK Letters and Months (254: 3200–32FF)20225424258254158232206179
CJK Compatibility (256: 3300–33FF)2492562561052561180249154256
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A (6,582: 3400–4DBF)2,3506,6461646,6466,5826,5826,6466,646180
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4DC0–FAFF

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Yijing Hexagram Symbols (64: 4DC0–4DFF)64646464667070
CJK Unified Ideographs (Han Unification) (20,950: 4E00–9FFF)20,90220,90220,9327920,94120,90220,90220,92420,9409,845
Yi Syllables (1,165: A000–A3FF)1,1651,1651,165
Yi Radicals (55: A490–A4AF)0555555
Lisu (Fraser alphabet) (48: A4D0–A4FF)4848
Vai (300: A500–A63F)300300300
Cyrillic Extended-B (96: A640–A69F)7831968089
Bamum (88: A6A0-A6FF)88
Modifier Tone Letters (32: A700–A71F)93212013213219499
Latin Extended-D (159: A720-A7FF)711428572816091281349737277
Syloti Nagri (44: A800–A82F)44
Common Indic Number Forms (10: A830–A83F)10
Phags-pa (56: A840–A87F)5656
Saurashtra (81: A880–A8DF)8181
Devanagari Extended (30: A8E0–A8FF)2828
Kayah Li (48: A900–A92F)484848
Rejang (37: A930–A95F)373737
Hangul Jamo Extended-A (29: A960–A97F)29
Javanese (91: A980–A9DF)91
Myanmar Extended-B (31: A9E0–A9FF)
Cham (83: AA00–AA5F)8383
Myanmar Extended-A (32: AA60–AA7F)28
Tai Viet (72: AA80–AADF)72
Meetei Mayek Extensions (23: AAE0–AAFF)23
Ethiopic Extended-A (32: AB00–AB2F)32
Latin Extended-E (54: AB30–AB6F)
Cherokee Supplement (80: AB70–ABBF)
Meetei Mayek (56: ABC0–ABF9)56
Hangul Syllables (11,172: AC00–D7AF)11,1722,35011,1722,35011,17211,17211,17211,1726
Hangul Jamo Extended-B (72: D7B0–D7FF)72
Private Use Area (6,400: E000–F8FF)5543205651481,37335278837229229402296,400961276616475,91684554,6494,6266,400
CJK Compatibility Ideographs (472: F900–FAFF)302302437472302164661455363
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Alphabetic Presentation Forms (Latin Lig + Armenian Lig + Hebrew Lig) (58: FB00–FB4F)485726534258552585855858558773234824848537
Latin Ligatures (7: FB00–FB06)272777557757757775222227
Armenian Ligatures (5: FB13–FB17)5155555555
Hebrew Ligatures / Pointed Letters (46: FB1D–FB4F)464524634464246464646462746464646
Arabic Presentation Forms-A (611: FB50–FDFF)9059362155221289816961144898918725
Variation Selectors (16: FE00–FE0F)161616161616161616
Vertical Forms (10: FE10–FE1F)101010102
Combining Half Marks (16: FE20–FE2F)44744444167474444
CJK Compatibility Forms (32: FE30–FE4F)283228323228273232
Small Form Variants (26: FE50–FE6F)2626261826226262525
Arabic Presentation Forms-B (141: FE70–FEFF)851391201391125140140114114111538785139
Byte Order Mark (1: FEFF)11111111
Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms (225: FF00–FFEF)223166171186152225225100224157101172
Latin Full Width Forms (94: FF01-FF5E)94949494949494949494
KataKana Half Width Forms (63: FF61-FF9F)636363636363636363
Hangul Jamo Half Width Forms (52: FFA0-FFDC)5215525251
Specials (5: FFF0–FFFF)12113515555551121221
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List of SMP Unicode fonts

List of Unicode fonts supporting SMP characters
FontChar(s)GlyphsKernpairs
(Standard)
Range(Point): Hinting/
Smoothing Behavior
Version & DateFilename,
Size
Font FamilyFont Weight,
style
Font
type
Serif
style
LicenseCreator / Author (Copyright)Notes
Code2001 2,9853,13500~5: Smoothed.
6~6: Hinted.
7+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v0.919 sfnt rev 0.918945
2008-04-04
CODE2001.TTF
(485 KB)
Code2001Medium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF AnyFreewareJames Kass More info.
New Athena Unicode2,9852,03300~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v3.710 sfnt rev 3.70999
2010-05-02
newathu.ttf
(769 KB)
New Athena UnicodeMedium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF AnyFreeware. SIL OFL. American Philological Association More info.
MPH 2B Damase2,7432,8951920~6: Smoothed.
7~12: Hinted.
13+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v002.010 sfnt rev 1
2005-10-18
damase_v.2.ttf
(879 KB)
MPH 2B DamaseMedium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF AnyFreeware.Public Domain 2005. Mark Williamson.Includes 2092 BMP chars. More info.

10000–1F9FF

Unicode blocks listed are valid for Unicode version 8.0.

  U+21A7.svg   SMP (Plane 1)
Font   U+2192.svg

Range  U+21B4.svg
Total Characters in SMP (11,833: 10000–1FFFF)2221,989230427451,63824,87564920399487106210
Linear B Syllabary (88: 10000–1007F)8888887488
Linear B Ideograms (123: 10080–100FF)12312312373
Aegean Numbers (57: 10100–1013F)57
Ancient Greek Numbers (77: 10140–1018F)757757575
Ancient Symbols (13: 10190–101CF)131212
Phaistos Disc (46: 101D0–101FF)464646
Lycian (29: 10280–1029F)2929
Carian (49: 102A0-102DF)4949
Coptic Epact Numbers (28: 102E0–102FF)
Old Italic (36: 10300–1032F)35353635353535
Gothic (27: 10330–1034F)272727272727
Old Permic (43: 10350–1037F)43
Ugaritic (31: 10380–1039F)31313131
Old Persian (50: 103A0–103DF)50505050
Deseret (80: 10400–1044F)80808076
Shavian (48: 10450–1047F)48484848
Osmanya (40: 10480–104AF)40404040
Elbasan (40: 10500–1052F)40
Caucasian Albanian (53: 10530–1056F)
Linear A (341: 10600–1077F)
Cypriot Syllabary (55: 10800–1083F)55555555
Imperial Aramaic (31: 10840–1085F)31
Palmyrene (32: 10860–1087F)
Nabataean (40: 10880–108AF)
Hatran (26: 108E0–108FF)
Phoenician (29: 10900–1091F)27292927
Lydian (27: 10920–1093F)27
Meroitic Hieroglyphs (32: 10980–1099F)32
Meroitic Cursive (90: 109A0–109FF)26
Kharosthi (65: 10A00–10A5F)6565
Old South Arabian (32: 10A60–10A7F)32
Old North Arabian (32: 10A80–10A9F)
Manichaean (51: 10AC0–10AFF)
Avestan (61: 10B00–10B3F)61
Inscriptional Parthian (30: 10B40–10B5F)30
Inscriptional Pahlavi (27: 10B60–10B7F)27
Psalter Pahlavi (29: 10B80–10BAF)
Old Turkic (73: 10C00–10C4F)73
Old Hungarian (108: 10C80–10CFF)
Rumi Numeral Symbols (31: 10E60–10E7F)31
Brahmi (109: 11000–1107F)108
Kaithi (66: 11080–110CF)66
Sora Sompeng (35: 110D0–110FF)35
Chakma (67: 11100–1114F)67
Mahajani (39: 11150–1117F)
Sharada (94: 11180–111DF)83
Sinhala Archaic Numbers (20: 111E0–111FF)
Khojki (61: 11200–1124F)
Multani (38: 11280–112AF)
Khudawadi (69: 112B0–112FF)
Grantha (85: 11300–1137F)
Tirhuta (82: 11480–114DF)
Siddham (92: 11580–115FF)
Modi (79: 11600–1165F)
Takri (66: 11680–116CF)66
Ahom (57: 11700–1173F)
Warang Citi (84: 118A0–118FF)
Pau Cin Hau (57: 11AC0–11AFF)
Cuneiform (Sumero-Akkadian Cuneiform) (922: 12000–123FF)6
Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation (116: 12400–1247F)
Early Dynastic Cuneiform (196: 12480–1254F)
Egyptian Hieroglyphs (1,071: 13000–1342F)
Anatolian Hieroglyphs (583: 14400–1467F)
Bamum Supplement (569: 16800–16A3F)
Mro (43: 16A40–16A6F)
Bassa Vah (36: 16AD0–16AFF)
Pahawh Hmong (127: 16B00–16B8F)
Miao (133: 16F00–16F9F)133
Kana Supplement (2: 1B000–1B0FF)2
Duployan (143: 1BC00–1BC9F)
Shorthand Format Controls (4: 1BCA0–1BCAF)
Byzantine Musical Symbols (246: 1D000–1D0FF)33246246
Musical Symbols (231: 1D100–1D1FF)44220220
Ancient Greek Musical Notation (70: 1D200–1D24F)70707090
Tai Xuan Jing Symbols (87: 1D300–1D35F)8787878787
Counting Rod Numerals (18: 1D360–1D371)181818
Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols (996: 1D400–1D7FF)13229962996
Sutton SignWriting (672: 1D800–1DAAF)
Mende Kikakui (213: 1E800–1E8DF)
Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols (143: 1EE00–1EEFF)143
Mahjong Tiles (44: 1F000–1F02F)4444
Domino Tiles (100: 1F030–1F09F)100100
Playing Cards (82: 1F0A0–1F0FF)59
Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement (173: 1F100–1F1FF)171
Enclosed Ideographic Supplement (57: 1F200–1F2FF)57
Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs (766: 1F300–1F5FF)533
Emoticons (80: 1F600–1F64F)76
Ornamental Dingbats (48: 1F650–1F67F)
Transport and Map Symbols (98: 1F680–1F6FF)70
Alchemical Symbols (116: 1F700–1F77F)116
Geometric Shapes Extended (85: 1F780–1F7FF)
Supplemental Arrows-C (148: 1F800–1F8FF)
Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs (15: 1F900–1F9FF)
U+2191.svg
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  U+21A5.svg   SMP (Plane 1)

List of SIP Unicode fonts

List of Unicode fonts supporting SIP characters
FontChar(s)GlyphsKernpairs
(Standard)
Range(Point): Hinting/
Smoothing Behavior
Version & DateFilename,
Size
Font FamilyFont Weight,
style
Font
type
Serif
style
LicenseCreator / Author (Copyright)Notes
Code2002 20,41930,46900~5: Smoothed.
6~6: Hinted.
7+: Hinted & Smoothed.
v0.917 sfnt rev 0.916992
2005-04-04
CODE2002.TTF
(4.09 MB)
Code2002Medium (Normal), Book, Regular TTF Normal SansFreewareJames Kass More info.

20000–2FFFF

Unicode blocks listed are valid for Unicode version 8.0.

  U+21A7.svg   SIP (Plane 2)
Font   U+2192.svg

Range  U+21B4.svg
Total Characters in SIP (53,386: 20000–2FFFF)1220,15843,253543387
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B (42,711: 20000-2A6D6)1220,15842,7111342
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension C (4,149: 2A700-2B734)
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension D (222: 2B740-2B81D)
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension E (5,762: 2B820-2CEAF)
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement (542: 2F800-2FA1F)54254244
  U+21A5.svg   SIP (Plane 2)

List of SSP Unicode fonts

E0000–EFFFF

Unicode blocks listed are valid for Unicode version 8.0.

  U+21A7.svg   SSP (Plane 14; 0Ehexadecimal)
Font   U+2192.svg

Range  U+21B4.svg
Total Characters in SSP (337: E0000–EFFFF)1233716
Tags (97: E0000–E007F)1297
Variation Selectors Supplement (240: E0100–E01EF)240
  U+21A5.svg   SSP (Plane 14; 0Ehexadecimal)

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Unicode</span> Character encoding standard

Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard, is a text encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text written in all of the world's major writing systems. Version 15.1 of the standard defines 149813 characters and 161 scripts used in various ordinary, literary, academic, and technical contexts.

Han unification is an effort by the authors of Unicode and the Universal Character Set to map multiple character sets of the Han characters of the so-called CJK languages into a single set of unified characters. Han characters are a feature shared in common by written Chinese (hanzi), Japanese (kanji), Korean (hanja) and Vietnamese.

OpenType is a format for scalable computer fonts. Derived from TrueType, it retains TrueType's basic structure but adds many intricate data structures for describing typographic behavior. OpenType is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dingbat</span> Typographic symbol class

In typography, a dingbat is an ornament, specifically, a glyph used in typesetting, often employed to create box frames, or as a dinkus. Some of the dingbat symbols have been used as signature marks or used in bookbinding to order sections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GB 18030</span> Official Chinese character encoding

GB 18030 is a Chinese government standard, described as Information Technology — Chinese coded character set and defines the required language and character support necessary for software in China. GB18030 is the registered Internet name for the official character set of the People's Republic of China (PRC) superseding GB2312. As a Unicode Transformation Format, GB18030 supports both simplified and traditional Chinese characters. It is also compatible with legacy encodings including GB2312, CP936, and GBK 1.0.

The Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set is a set of Chinese characters – 4,702 in total in the initial release—used in Cantonese, as well as when writing the names of some places in Hong Kong.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Open-source Unicode typefaces</span>

There are Unicode typefaces which are open-source and designed to contain glyphs of all Unicode characters, or at least a broad selection of Unicode scripts. There are also numerous projects aimed at providing only a certain script, such as the Arabeyes Arabic font. The advantage of targeting only some scripts with a font was that certain Unicode characters should be rendered differently depending on which language they are used in, and that a font that only includes the characters a certain user needs will be much smaller in file size compared to one with many glyphs. Unicode fonts in modern formats such as OpenType can in theory cover multiple languages by including multiple glyphs per character, though very few actually cover more than one language's forms of the unified Han characters.

The Chinese character description languages are several proposed languages to most accurately and completely describe Chinese characters and information such as their list of components, list of strokes, their order, and the location of each of them on a background empty square. They are designed to overcome the inherent lack of information within a bitmap description. This enriched information can be used to identify variants of characters that are unified into one code point by Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646, as well as to provide an alternative form of representation for rare characters that do not yet have a standardized encoding in Unicode or ISO/IEC 10646. Many aim to work for Kaishu style and Song style, as well as to provide the character's internal structure which can be used for easier look-up of a character by indexing the character's internal make-up and cross-referencing among similar characters.

A fallback font is a reserve typeface containing symbols for as many Unicode characters as possible. When a display system encounters a character that is not part of the repertoire of any of the other available fonts, a symbol from a fallback font is used instead. Typically, a fallback font will contain symbols representative of the various types of Unicode characters.

Meiryo is a Japanese sans-serif gothic typeface. Microsoft bundled Meiryo with Office Mac 2008 as part of the standard install, and it replaces MS Gothic as the default system font on Japanese systems beginning with Windows Vista.

New Gulim (새굴림/SaeGulRim) is a sans-serif type Unicode font designed especially for the Korean-language script, designed by HanYang System Co., Limited. It is an expanded version of Hanyang Gulrim.

The Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) scripts share a common background, collectively known as CJK characters. During the process called Han unification, the common (shared) characters were identified and named CJK Unified Ideographs. As of Unicode 15.1, Unicode defines a total of 97,680 characters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GNU Unifont</span> Duospaced bitmap font

GNU Unifont is a free Unicode bitmap font created by Roman Czyborra. The main Unifont covers all of the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). The "upper" companion covers significant parts of the Supplementary Multilingual Plane (SMP). The "Unifont JP" companion contains Japanese kanji present in the JIS X 0213 character set.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Microsoft YaHei</span> Sans-serif typeface

Microsoft YaHei is a sans-serif gothic typeface created by Founder Electronics and Monotype Corporation under commission from Microsoft. Hinting for the font was undertaken by Monotype Imaging. The CJK ideographic characters were designed by the Founder Electronics foundry's senior designer, Li Qi (齐立).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WenQuanYi</span>

WenQuanYi is an open-source project of Chinese computer fonts licensed under GNU General Public License.

CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B is a Unicode block containing rare and historic CJK ideographs for Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese submitted to the Ideographic Research Group between 1998 and 2000, plus seven gongche characters for kunqu added in Unicode 13.0, and two characters for the Macao Supplementary Character Set added in Unicode 14.0.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Noto fonts</span> Multilingual font family from Google

Noto is a font family comprising over 100 individual fonts, which are together designed to cover all the scripts encoded in the Unicode standard. As of October 2016, Noto fonts cover all 93 scripts defined in Unicode version 6.1, although fewer than 30,000 of the nearly 75,000 CJK unified ideographs in version 6.0 are covered. In total, Noto fonts cover over 77,000 characters, which is around half of the 149,186 characters defined in Unicode 15.0.

A duospaced font is a fixed-width font whose letters and characters occupy either of two integer multiples of a specified, fixed horizontal space. Traditionally, this means either a single or double character width, although the term has also been applied to fonts using fixed character widths with another simple ratio between them.

References

  1. "Fonts and keyboards". Unicode Consortium. 28 June 2017. Archived from the original on 18 October 2019. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
  2. Ken Lunde, CJKV Information Processing, O'Reilly Inc, 1999. Page 128, "CJKV character form differences"
  3. "Arial Unicode MS". Microsoft . Archived from the original on 2010-01-08. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
  4. "STI Pub Companies Explained". STIX Fonts. Archived from the original on 2012-04-13. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
  5. "Microsoft's TrueType core fonts for the Web". Archived from the original on 2015-06-01. Retrieved 2010-04-21.
  6. "Wen Quan Yi – Open Source Chinese: BitmapSong en". Wenq.org. 2012-05-14. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
  7. "Wen Quan Yi – Open Source Chinese: MicroHei(en)". Wenq.org. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
  8. "Wen Quan Yi – Open Source Chinese: ZenHei(en)". Wenq.org. Retrieved 2012-08-21.
  9. "First STIX and now XITS | خالد حسني". Khaledhosny.org. Archived from the original on 2012-03-25. Retrieved 2012-08-21.