  | |
| Local date | 10 July 1688 |
|---|---|
| Local time | 11:45 |
| Magnitude | 7.0 Ms |
| Epicenter | 38°24′N26°54′E / 38.4°N 26.9°E Coordinates: 38°24′N26°54′E / 38.4°N 26.9°E [1] |
| Areas affected | Turkey |
| Max. intensity | X (Extreme) |
| Casualties | 16,000 |
The 1688 Smyrna earthquake occurred at 11:45 on 10 July. It had an epicenter close to Izmir, Turkey. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.0 Ms , with a maximum felt intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale, and caused about 16,000 casualties.
When the city was rebuilt, houses were mainly built of wood, apart from the foundations and the base of the walls where stone was used. This made the reconstructed buildings more resistant to future earthquakes. [2]
The 1953 Yenice–Gönen earthquake occurred at 21:06 local time (19:06 UTC on 18 March in the province of Çanakkale and Balıkesir in the Marmara Region at western Turkey. It had a magnitude 7.5 on the surface wave magnitude scale and a maximum felt intensity of IX on the Mercalli intensity scale. It caused widespread damage, killing 1,070 and causing damage that was estimated at US$3,570,000 repair value.
The 1924 Pasinler earthquake occurred at 16:34 local time on 13 September in Pasinler, Erzurum, Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It had a surface wave magnitude of 6.8 and reached a maximum felt intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 60 casualties.
The 1926 Kars/Leninakan earthquake occurred at 21:59 local time on 22 October 1926 in the border area of Soviet Armenia and eastern Turkey. It had a surface wave magnitude of 6.0 and a maximum felt intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 360 casualties. Many buildings in Leninakan and surrounding villages were destroyed or damaged.
The 1935 Erdek–Marmara Islands earthquake occurred at 16:41:30 local time 4 January on the islands of Marmara and Avşa off Erdek in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. It had a moment magnitude of 6.4 and a maximum felt intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 5 deaths and 30 injuries.
The 1938 Kırşehir earthquake occurred at 12:59 local time on 19 April. It had an estimated surface wave magnitude of 6.7 and a maximum intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 224 casualties.
The 1941 Van–Erciş earthquake occurred at 23:53 local time on 10 September. It had an estimated surface wave magnitude of 5.9 and a maximum intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale. The earthquake has caused estimated casualties of between 190 and 430 people and also 600 buildings have collapsed.
The 1942 Niksar–Erbaa earthquake in Turkey occurred at 16:03 local time on 20 December. It had an estimated surface wave magnitude of 7.0 and a maximum felt intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 3,000 casualties.
The 1943 Adapazarı–Hendek earthquake occurred at 17:32 local time on 20 June in Sakarya Province, Turkey. It registered an estimated 6.6 on the surface wave magnitude scale with a maximum intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale.
The 1943 Tosya–Ladik earthquake occurred at 00:20 local time on 27 November, near Tosya, Kastamonu Province, in northern Turkey. The earthquake had an estimated moment magnitude of 7.5 and a maximum felt intensity of between IX–X on the Mercalli intensity scale.
The 1944 Bolu–Gerede earthquake occurred at 05:22 local time on 1 February. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.5 Mw and a maximum felt intensity of IX–X (Violent–Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale. It ruptured part of the North Anatolian Fault, forming part of a progressive sequence of events that generally migrated westwards along the fault zone, starting with the 1939 Erzincan earthquake.
The 1946 Varto–Hınıs earthquake occurred at 05:12:46 local time on 31 May. The earthquake had an estimated moment magnitude of 5.9 and a maximum felt intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing between 800 and 1300 casualties.
The 1949 Karlıova earthquake occurred at 18:44 UTC on 17 August with an epicenter near Karlıova in Bingöl Province, Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It had an estimated magnitude of 6.7, a maximum felt intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale, and caused 320–450 casualties and destroyed 3,500 buildings.
The 1952 Hasankale earthquake occurred at 08:03 local time on 3 January in Hasankale in Erzurum Province, Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 5.8 and a maximum felt intensity of VIII (Severe) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 41 casualties. This spot has been the subject of studies due to the amount of earthquakes that occur in Turkey. 17% of earthquakes, globally, occur in this area. This is because the Alpide belt crosses through Turkey. The earthquakes are cause when the plates try to slide past each other on a transform boundary.
The 1957 Abant earthquake occurred at 8:33am on 26 May, in Turkey. The earthquake had an estimated surface wave magnitude of 7.1 and a maximum felt intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 52 fatalities and 101 injuries. 5,000 houses were damaged as a result of the earthquake.
The 1983 Erzurum earthquake occurred in northeastern Turkey on 30 October 1983 at 07:12 local time. It had a moment magnitude of 6.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). Reuters reports that about 1340 people have died and 50 settlements in the provinces of Erzurum and Kars have been demolished by the earthquake.
The 1912 Mürefte earthquake occurred at 03:29 local time on 9 August. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.4 Mw and a maximum intensity of X (Extreme) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale, causing from 216–3000 casualties.
The 1859 Erzurum earthquake occurred at 10:30 on 2 June. It had a Richter magnitude of 6.1 and a maximum intensity of IX on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing 15,000 casualties. The earthquake destroyed much of the city of Erzurum.
The 1881 Chios earthquake occurred at 13:40 local time on 3 April. It caused severe damage on the island of Chios and also affected Çeşme and Alaçatı on the coast of Turkey. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.3 and there were an estimated 7,866 casualties. The devastation from the earthquake was the last of the three 'catastrophes' that affected the island of Chios in the 19th century.
The 1951 Kurşunlu earthquake occurred at 18:33 GMT on 13 August near Kurşunlu, Çankırı Province, Central Anatolia Region, Turkey. The earthquake was one of a series of major and intermediate quakes that have occurred in modern times along the North Anatolian Fault since 1939.
The 2020 Aegean Sea earthquake, also known as the Samos–İzmir earthquake, occurred on 30 October 2020, with a moment magnitude of 7.0, about 14 km (8.7 mi) northeast of the Greek island of Samos. Many buildings were severely damaged or collapsed as a result of the earthquake, with the Church of the Dormition of Mary in Karlovasi, Greece, partially collapsing, while in the Turkish city İzmir, which was heavily affected by the earthquake, dozens of buildings were either damaged or completely collapsed. Emergency services in both countries immediately attended the scene, as rescue efforts continued into the night.
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