1953 Iranian parliamentary dissolution referendum

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1953 Iranian parliamentary dissolution referendum
State flag of Iran (1933-1964).svg
3–10 August 1953 (1953-08-03 – 1953-08-10)
Dissolution or Continuation of the 17th National Consultative Assembly
Results
Choice
Votes %
Check-71-128-204-brightblue.svgYes2,043,38999.94%
Light brown x.svgNo1,2070.06%
Valid votes2,044,596100.00%
Invalid or blank votes40.00%
Total votes2,044,600100.00%

A referendum on the dissolution of Parliament , the first referendum ever held in Iran, was held in August 1953. The dissolution was approved by more than 99% of voters.

Contents

Following the referendum, there were talks about another referendum to abolish the Pahlavi dynasty and make Iran a republic, however the government was overthrown by a coup d'état shortly after. [1] [2]

Timeline

Campaign

PositionOrganizationRef
Yes
 Iran Party [2]
Iranian People Party [2]
Tudeh Party [2]
Pan-Iranist Party [2]
Nation Party [2]
Third Force [6]
Boycott
 Toilers Party [2]
Muslim Warriors [2]

Conduct

The balloting was not secret and there were two separate voting booths, i.e. the opponents of Mossadegh had to cast their vote in a separate tent. [7] [1] Critics pointed that the referendum had ignored the democratic demand for secret ballots. [8]

Results

ChoiceVotes%
For2,043,38999.94
Against1,2070.06
Invalid/blank votes4–
Total2,044,600100
Source: Direct Democracy

By city

CityYesNo
Tehran [9] 101,39667
Tabriz [10] 41,5023
Isfahan [10] 43,50511
Ahvaz [10] 22,7712
Mashhad [10] 26,5479

Reactions

Domestic

International

References

  1. 1 2 Elton L. Daniel (2012). The History of Iran. ABC-CLIO. p. 154. ISBN   978-0313375095.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Siavush Randjbar-Daemi (2017). ""Down with the Monarchy": Iran's Republican Moment of August 1953". Iranian Studies. 50 (2): 293–313. doi:10.1080/00210862.2016.1229120. hdl: 10023/13868 .
  3. 1 2 3 4 Rahnema, Ali (2014), Behind the 1953 Coup in Iran: Thugs, Turncoats, Soldiers, and Spooks, Cambridge University Press, p. 287, ISBN   978-1107076068
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Ebrahimi, Mansoureh (2016). "Dr. Mosaddeq's pre-emptive Measures". The British Role in Iranian Domestic Politics (1951-1953). SpringerBriefs in Environment, Security, Development and Peace. Vol. 5. Springer. pp. 95–97. ISBN   9783319310985.
  5. ↑ Bayandor, Darioush (2010). Iran and the CIA: The Fall of Mosaddeq Revisited . Palgrave Macmillan. p.  215. ISBN   978-0-230-57927-9.
  6. ↑ Katouzian, Homa (2013). Iran: Politics, History and Literature. Routledge. p. 84. ISBN   9780415636896.
  7. ↑ Majd, Mohammad Gholi (2000), Resistance to the Shah: Landowners and Ulama in Iran, University Press of Florida, pp. 260–261, ISBN   978-0813017310
  8. ↑ Milani, Abbas (2008). Eminent Persians: The Men and Women who Made Modern Iran, 1941-1979. Vol. 1. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. p. 243. ISBN   978-0815609070.
  9. ↑ Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions . Princeton University Press. p.  274. ISBN   978-0-691-10134-7.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Mervyn Roberts (2012). "Analysis of Radio Propaganda in the 1953 Iran Coup". Iranian Studies. 45 (6): 759–777. doi:10.1080/00210862.2012.726848.
  11. ↑ Bayandor, Darioush (2010). Iran and the CIA: The Fall of Mosaddeq Revisited . Palgrave Macmillan. p.  89. ISBN   978-0-230-57927-9.
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