| |||||
| Decades: | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| See also: | History of Zaire | ||||
 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(April 2022) |
The following lists events that happened during 1974 in Zaire .
| |||||
| Decades: | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| See also: | History of Zaire | ||||
| This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(April 2022) |
The following lists events that happened during 1974 in Zaire .
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| The Kamanyola Division is formed, an infantry division of the Forces Armées Zaïroises trained by North Korea. | |
| The Gangala-na-Bodio Elephant Domestication Center is established in an attempt to domesticate African elephants for work | |
| 31 May | Société Minière et Industrielle du Kivu is formed to take over all the gold and tin mines in South Kivu. [1] |
| 13–22 June | Zaire places fourth in the 1974 FIFA World Cup Group 2 competition. |
| 1 July | The Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Zaïrois (SNCZ) is formed by merging five existing railway companies: Chemins de Fer Kinshasa-Dilolo-Lubumbashi , Chemins de Fer des Grands Lacs , Chemins de Fer Vicinaux du Zaïre (formerly Chemins de Fer Vicinaux du Congo ), Chemin de Fer Matadi-Kinshasa and Chemin de Fer de Mayombe . |
| 15 August | The Constitution of Zaire codifies Zaire as a one-party state with the Popular Movement of the Revolution as the only legally permitted party and enshrines Mobutism as the state ideology. [2] |
| 22–24 September | Zaire 74 is a three-day live music festival at the 20th of May Stadium in Kinshasa. [3] |
| 30 October | World heavyweight champion George Foreman fights challenger Muhammad Ali in Kinshasa in "The Rumble in the Jungle". |
Zaire, officially the Republic of Zaire, was the name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1965 to 1997. Zaire was located in Central Africa and was, by area, the third-largest country in Africa, and the 11th-largest country in the world. With a population of over 23 million inhabitants, Zaire was the most populous officially Francophone country in Africa, as well as one of the most populous in Africa.
Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa za Banga, commonly known as Mobutu Sese Seko or simply just Mobutu, was a Congolese politician and military officer who was the president of Zaire from 1965 to 1997. He also served as Chairman of the Organisation of African Unity from 1967 to 1968. During the Congo Crisis, Mobutu, serving as Chief of Staff of the Army and supported by Belgium and the United States, deposed the democratically elected government of left-wing nationalist Patrice Lumumba in 1960. Mobutu installed a government that arranged for Lumumba's execution in 1961, and continued to lead the country's armed forces until he took power directly in a second coup in 1965.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), also known as Congo-Kinshasa, is a country in Central Africa. By land area, the DRC is the second-largest country in Africa and the 11th-largest in the world. With a population of around 112 million, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the most populous officially Francophone country in the world. The national capital and largest city is Kinshasa, which is also the economic center. The country is bordered by the Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, Angola, the Cabinda exclave of Angola and the South Atlantic Ocean.
The Popular Movement of the Revolution was the ruling political party in Zaire. For most of its existence, it was the only legally permitted party in the country. It was founded by Joseph-Désiré Mobutu on 20 May 1967.
Mobutu Sese Seko's foreign policy emphasized his alliance with the United States and the Western world while supposedly maintaining a non-aligned position in international affairs. Mobutu ruled the Republic of the Congo and then Zaire as president for 32 years, from 1965 to 1997.
The Manifesto of N'sele was a political document issued in the Democratic Republic of the Congo on 19 or 20 May 1967 which set out the official political stance of the Popular Movement of the Revolution, a political party which had been founded by Joseph-Désiré Mobutu in 1966. The manifesto was created at an MPR meeting in N'sele, Kinshasa where it was based.
The Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Zaïrois (SNCZ) was the state railway company in Zaire formed in 1974 by combining several privately owned railways. It suffered from lack of maintenance of the tracks and rolling stock, weak management, and external factors such as the Angolan Civil War and the collapse of the economy of Zaire under President Mobutu Sese Seko. Despite two projects funded by the World Bank, it had virtually ceased to function by the 1990s. It was replaced in 1995 by the short-lived private company SIZARAIL, which in turn was replaced by the present Société nationale des chemins de fer du Congo.
The National University of Zaire was a federated university in Zaire. It was formed in August 1971 when the country's three existing universities and 17 technical colleges were merged into a single administrative structure. It was briefly known as the National University of the Congo until the Democratic Republic of the Congo became Zaire in October 1971.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The Constitution of Zaire, was promulgated on 15 August 1974, revised on 15 February 1978, and amended on 5 July 1990. It provided a renewed legal basis for the regime of Mobutu Sese Seko who had emerged as the country's dictator after the Congo Crisis in 1965.
This is a list of Chiefs of Staff of the armed forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zaire.
Congolese nationality law is the nationality law for the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is regulated by the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as amended; the Congolese Nationality Code, and its revisions; the Congolese Civil Code; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The Société des Chemins de Fer Vicinaux du Congo, known as CVC or Vicicongo, was a railway company that operated the narrow gauge Vicicongo line and provided trucking services in the northeast Belgian Congo, and then in the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1924 and 1974. It provided transport for agricultural goods produced in the northeast that were shipped on the Congo River to Léopoldville (Kinshasa). After independence in 1960 there were civil disturbances and the railway was poorly maintained. The company was taken over by the state in 1974. Later there were further disturbances in which the stations were destroyed and the rolling stock used as a source of metal. The track is decrepit and no longer usable.
The Compagnie du chemin de fer du bas-Congo au Katanga (BCK) was a railway operator in the Congo Free State, Belgian Congo and later in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zaire. Most of the lines were in the southern Katanga Province, with links to the Kasai River for transport of mineral exports down to Kinshasa and onward to the port of Matadi, and a link to the Angolan railway network for transport to Lobito on the Atlantic.
The Société des Chemins de fer Katanga-Dilolo-Léopoldville (KDL) was a railway concession owner in the Congo Free State, Belgian Congo. The network was built, maintained and operated by the Compagnie du chemin de fer du bas-Congo au Katanga (BCK).
The Twangiza-Namoya gold belt is a belt of gold deposits in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Artisanal working of alluvial deposits dates back to the 1920s. More systematic exploration and exploitation took place in the colonial era and continues up to the present, although civil war and militia attacks have periodically disrupted operations and have caused several changes of ownership of the concessions.
The Société Minière et Industrielle du Kivu (Sominki) was a privately held mining company of Zaire. It operated gold and tin mines, mostly in South Kivu province, between 1974 and 1997. The acquisition of its mining assets by Banro Corporation of Canada was complicated by the First Congo War in 1996–1997, followed by expropriation of the mines by the new Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) government. Eventually Banro gained the right to exploit the gold mines.
The Empain group was a loose grouping of companies founded by Édouard Empain (1852–1929) of Belgium and controlled by the Empain family. From 1881 until merging with Schneider & Cie in 1969, the companies engaged in a broad range of activities including tramways, railways, electricity generation, construction and mining. The main areas of activity were Belgium and France, but the group also pursued opportunities in Russia, Egypt, China and elsewhere, and played a large role in the development of the eastern Belgian Congo.
The following lists events that happened during 1997 in Zaire.
