Begum Khaleda Zia is a Bangladeshi politician, who served as the prime minister of Bangladesh from 1991 to 1996 and again from 2001 to 2006. She was the first female prime minister of Bangladesh and second female prime minister in the Muslim world, after Benazir Bhutto. She is the widow of one of the former president of Bangladesh, Ziaur Rahman. She is the chairperson and leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) since 1984, which was founded by her husband in 1978.
The president of Bangladesh (POB), officially the president of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is the head of state of Bangladesh and commander-in-chief of the Bangladesh Armed Forces.
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad, meaning national parliament, has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
Mohammad Abdul Hamid is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the 15th president of Bangladesh from 2013 to 2023. He was elected to his first term in April 2013, and re-elected in 2018. Previously, he served as the speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad from January 2009 to April 2013. He was the acting president after the death of Zillur Rahman in March 2013. He was the longest serving president in the history of Bangladesh.
Presidential elections were held in Afghanistan on 5 April 2014, with a second round held on 14 June. Incumbent President Hamid Karzai was not eligible to run due to term limits. The registration period for presidential nominations was open from 16 September 2013 until 6 October 2013. A total of 27 candidates were confirmed to be running for office. However, on 22 October Afghanistan's Independent Election Commission disqualified 16 of the candidates, leaving only 11 in the race. By April 2014 three candidates gave up the race and decided to support some of the eight remaining candidates. Opinion polls showed Abdullah Abdullah and Ashraf Ghani as the front-runners and indeed the results of the first round of the election had Abdullah in the lead and Ghani behind him. The second set of results came after the run-off on 14 June, two months after the first round. Preliminary results were expected on 2 July and the final result on 22 July. However, widespread accusations of fraud delayed these results. As a result, John Kerry, then United States Secretary of State, mediated the negotiations between the two final candidates, Ghani and Abdullah. After a series of negotiations and talks between Ghani, Abdullah and Kerry, the two candidates agreed to sign an Agreement to form a National Unity Government based on 50–50 power sharing. As a result of that political agreement, a separate position was created for Abdullah as Chief Executive. The National Unity Government's term ran out after the next Afghan presidential election was held in September 2019.
Dinajpur-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh. Since 6 August 2024 The constituency is vacant.
Barisal-5 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh. Since 6 August 2024 the constituency is vacant.
Munshiganj-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2024 by Mohiuddin Ahmed.
Rangpur-6 is a constituency in the Jatiya Sangsad. Since 6 August 2024, the constituency is vacant.
Dhaka-3 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2008
Since the independence of Bangladesh, the presidential election process has been changed several times due to both the presidential and parliamentary arrangements. According to the Second Schedule to the Constitution of 1972, the president of the parliament used to be elected by a secret vote. Later, according to the fourth amendment to the constitution, the provision of the direct election system of presidential election was introduced. But soon after 12th Amendment to the Constitution, the provision of presidential elections through an indirect election was introduced after the parliamentary system was installed. At present, the president is elected by an indirect election by the members of parliament as per Article 48 of the Constitution.
Comilla-1 is a constituency of the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh. Since 6 August, 2024 the constituency is vacant
Kishoreganj-4 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh.
Rangpur-3 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh. Since 6 August 2024 The constituency is vacant.
Kushtia-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh.
Rajshahi-4 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh. The constituency is vacated from August 6, 2024 after the dissolution of parliament.
Naogaon-5 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh. Since 6 August 2024 the constituency is vacant.
Dhaka-7 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh.
The 2023 Bangladeshi presidential election was scheduled for Sunday, 19 February 2023 to elect the 22nd president of Bangladesh. However, nominations closed at noon on 12 February and the Awami League politician Mohammed Shahabuddin Chuppu, who had been nominated in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, was the only candidate nominated. On 13 February 2023, Shahabuddin was thus officially elected as the country's 22nd president as he was unopposed.
Elections in Bangladesh in 2018 include election to the office of the President of Bangladesh, 11th Jatiya Sangsad election, by-elections to the 10th Jatiya Sangsad, elections to several city corporations, municipalities and local bodies.
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