The Bangladesh Nationalist Party is a centre-right, political party in Bangladesh and one of the major political parties of Bangladesh. It was founded on 1 September 1978 by the late Bangladeshi President Ziaur Rahman after the Presidential election of 1978, with a view of uniting the people with a nationalist ideology. Following Rahman's assassination in 1981, his widow, Khaleda Zia, had taken over leadership of the party and presided as Chairperson until her imprisonment in 2018. Since her imprisonment, Tarique Rahman, the son of late president Ziaur Rahman and Khaleda Zia, has been serving as the acting Chairperson and has run the affairs of the party from London.
Khaleda Zia is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the prime minister of Bangladesh from March 1991 to March 1996, and again from June 2001 to October 2006. She was the first female prime minister of Bangladesh. She is the widow of former president of Bangladesh Ziaur Rahman. She is the chairperson and leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) since 1984, which was founded by her late husband in 1978.
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad, meaning national parliament, has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
The history of Bangladesh (1971–present) refers to the period after the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan.
Presidential elections were held in Afghanistan on 5 April 2014, with a second round held on 14 June. Incumbent President Hamid Karzai was not eligible to run due to term limits. The registration period for presidential nominations was open from 16 September 2013 until 6 October 2013. A total of 27 candidates were confirmed to be running for office. However, on 22 October Afghanistan's Independent Election Commission disqualified 16 of the candidates, leaving only 11 in the race. By April 2014 three candidates gave up the race and decided to support some of the eight remaining candidates. Opinion polls showed Abdullah Abdullah and Ashraf Ghani as the front-runners and indeed the results of the first round of the election had Abdullah in the lead and Ghani behind him. The second set of results came after the run-off on 14 June, two months after the first round. Preliminary results were expected on 2 July and the final result on 22 July. However, widespread accusations of fraud delayed these results. As a result, John Kerry, then United States Secretary of State, mediated the negotiations between the two final candidates, Ghani and Abdullah. After a series of negotiations and talks between Ghani, Abdullah and Kerry, the two candidates agreed to sign an Agreement to form a National Unity Government based on 50–50 power sharing. As a result of that political agreement, a separate position was created for Abdullah as Chief Executive. The National Unity Government's term ran out after the next Afghan presidential election was held in September 2019.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 30 December 2018 to elect 300 directly-elected members of the Jatiya Sangsad. The result was another landslide victory for the Awami League-led Grand Alliance led by Sheikh Hasina.
Dinajpur-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2005 by Manoranjon Shill Gopal of the Awami League.
Barisal-5 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2019 by Zahid Faruk of the Awami League.
Munshiganj-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2019 by Mahi B. Chowdhury of the Bikalpa Dhara Bangladesh.
Rangpur-6 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2014 by Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury of the Awami League.
Dhaka-3 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2008 by Nasrul Hamid of the Awami League.
Since the independence of Bangladesh, the presidential election process has been changed several times due to both the Presidential and Parliamentary arrangements. According to the Second Schedule to the Constitution of 1972, the president of the parliament used to be elected by a secret vote. Later, according to the fourth amendment to the constitution, the provision of the direct election system of presidential election was introduced. But soon after 12th Amendment to the Constitution, the provision of presidential elections through an indirect election was introduced after the parliamentary system was installed. At present, President is elected by an indirect election by the members of parliament as per Article 48 of the Constitution.
Kishoreganj-4 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2013 by Rejwan Ahmed Toufiq of the Awami League.
Rangpur-3 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh. Saad Ershad is the current MP of this constituency.
Chittagong-8 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh. The incumbent Member of Parliament (MP) of this constituency, Noman Al Mahmud.
Kushtia-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2019 by AKM Sarwar Jahan Badsha of the Awami League.
Naogaon-5 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2019 by Nizam Uddin Jalil John of the Awami League.
The 2023 Bangladeshi presidential election was scheduled for Sunday, 19 February 2023 to elect the 22nd President of Bangladesh. However, nominations closed at noon on 12 February and the Awami League politician Mohammed Shahabuddin, who had nominated in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, was the only candidate nominated. On 13 February 2023, Shahabuddin was thus officially elected as the country's 22nd president as he was unopposed.
Mohammed Shahabuddin is a Bangladeshi jurist, civil servant and politician who is the the 22nd and current President of Bangladesh. He is also the second to occupy the post after Ziaur Rahman to hail from the Greater Rajshahi region. Shahabuddin was elected unopposed in the 2023 presidential election in the nomination of the ruling Awami League. Prior to his presidency, he served in numerous capacities, including as a district and sessions judge and a commissioner of the Anti-Corruption Commission from 2011 to 2016.
Elections in Bangladesh in 2018 include election to the office of the President of Bangladesh, 11th Jatiya Sangsad election, by-elections to the 10th Jatiya Sangsad, elections to several city corporations, municipalities and local bodies.
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