Yunus ministry | |
---|---|
Interim government of Bangladesh | |
8 August 2024 – present | |
Date formed | 8 August 2024 |
People and organisations | |
President | Mohammed Shahabuddin |
Chief Adviser | Muhammad Yunus |
Total no. of members | 23 |
Member party | Independent |
Status in legislature | Dissolved |
History | |
Election | - |
Outgoing election | TBA |
Predecessor | Hasina V |
An interim government led by the Muhammad Yunus ministry was formed on 8 August 2024 in Bangladesh, following the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on 5 August 2024 amid nationwide student and public protests against the government. Following the dissolution of the 12th Jatiya Sangsad on 6 August 2024, the interim cabinet will remain in office until a new Prime Minister is appointed after a snap general election. The government, like the previous non-caretaker government interim administrations (in 1975 and 1990), is extra-constitutional. However, the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh affirmed the legality of the stopgap government on 9 August 2024, citing the urgent need to manage state affairs and address the constitutional vacuum, [1] [2] [3] similar to previous cases. The main pledge of his ministry is organize a constituent assembly to draft and adopt a new, democratic and inclusive constitution, ensuring the inviolability of human dignity. [4]
President Mohammed Shahabuddin administered the oath of office to Yunus and his council of advisers at Bangabhaban on 8 August 2024. [5] The cabinet currently consists of 1 chief adviser, 19 advisers and 2 special assistants to the chief adviser. The Jamuna State Guest House is serving as the official residence of the Chief Adviser. [6]
On 5 August 2024, Bangladesh's longtime Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned and fled to India following the non-cooperation movement. It was a pro-democratic disinvestment movement and mass uprising which's sole demand was the resignation of Sheikh Hasina and her cabinet, initiated within the framework of the monthlong quota reform movement, which resulted mass killings. Soon after, the Chief of Army Staff Gen. Waker-uz-Zaman and President Mohammed Shahabuddin announced the formation of an interim government. President immediately started the process of meeting with political leaders from around the country to discuss the formation of an interim government. President also dissolved the parliament on 6 August 2024. Anti-discrimination Students Movement, the principle organisation that led the movement, proposed the name of Muhammad Yunus for the head of government. Yunus, residing in Paris, agreed to held the position. The formation of the interim government was finalised on 7 August 2024.
The following lists the advisers of the interim government: [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]
Portfolio | Minister | Took office | Left office | Ref | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chief Adviser's Office | |||||||||
Chief Adviser and also in-charge of: Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent |
| ||||||
Special Assistant to the Chief Adviser [lower-alpha 1] | 16 August 2024 | Incumbent | Former Cabinet Secretary | ||||||
22 August 2024 | Incumbent | Retired Lieutenant General of Bangladesh Army | |||||||
28 August 2024 | Incumbent | Liaison Committee Coordinator of Anti-Discrimination Students Movement [15] | |||||||
Advisers to the Interim Government | |||||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Former Deputy Attorney General of Bangladesh and Founder of Odhikar | ||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Former Attorney General of Bangladesh | ||||||
Adviser for Religious Affairs | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Professor & Naib-e-Ameer of Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh [16] | ||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Key Coordinator of the Anti-discrimination Students Movement | ||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Professor, Department of Law, University of Dhaka | ||||||
Adviser for Fisheries and Livestock | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Founding Executive of UBINIG | ||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Retired Brigadier General of Bangladesh Army and Former Election Commissioner of Bangladesh | ||||||
Adviser for Foreign Affairs | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Former Foreign Secretary of Bangladesh | ||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Key Coordinator of the Anti-discrimination Students Movement | ||||||
Adviser for Health and Family Welfare | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Former Acting Managing Director of Grameen Bank | ||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Chief Executive of BELA | ||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Former Governor of Bangladesh Bank | ||||||
Adviser for: | 8 August 2024 | Incumbent | Chief Executive Officer of Brotee | ||||||
Adviser for Primary and Mass Education | 11 August 2024 | Incumbent | Former Director-cum-Professor of National Institute of Mental Health and Hospital | ||||||
Adviser for Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs | 11 August 2024 | Incumbent | Chairman of Chittagong Hill Tracts Development Board | ||||||
Adviser for: | 13 August 2024 | Incumbent | Liberation War veteran & Bir Protik awardee | ||||||
Adviser for: | 16 August 2024 | Incumbent | Retired Lieutenant General of Bangladesh Army and Former Director General of Bangladesh Rifles | ||||||
Adviser for: | 16 August 2024 | Incumbent | Former Secretary of Power Division | ||||||
Adviser for: | 16 August 2024 | Incumbent | Economist, Member of the United Nations Committee for Development Policy and Former Adviser in the 1996 Caretaker Government |
In spite of the existence of interim administrations in the 1975–78 (Sayem ministry) and 1990–91 (Shahabuddin Ahmed ministry) periods of Bangladeshi political history, there were significant concerns regarding the legality of an interim government, considering that the Constitution of Bangladesh does not allow for it to exist. The Constitution also forbids ouster clauses, following the doctrine of basic constitutional structure.
The only form of interim government that has been constitutional in the past under the country's law was the CtG system introduced in 1996 through the 13th Amendment but this was overturned by the Awami League regime in 2011 through the 15th Amendment, which repealed the former. [41] With the Awami League President and former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigning and fleeing the country amid protests, [42] [43] this creates an impossible situation for the Bangladeshi legal system because it can no longer account for transfers of power. That being said, the Appellate Division of the Bangladeshi Supreme Court has acknowledged the necessity of the Yunus government and ruled in favour of what essentially amounts to the wording of the 13th Amendment prior to its suspension: “The Appellate Division opined that in accordance with Article 106 of the Constitution, an interim government can be formed with a chief advisor and a few other advisors in the absence of parliament” as per Chief Justice Obaidul Hassan. [44] Hassan himself a staunch supporter of the ousted Awami League, has since resigned as Chief Justice. [45]
Hence, despite the lack of constitutional legality for an interim government, due to extremely broad popular support and the need to ensure that a military junta takeover like in 1975 is prevented, Yunus was sworn in on the night of August 8, 2024. [46] [47] Yunus' government enjoys broad international support and is seen as legitimate by the international community, with many heads of state and Ministers of Foreign Affairs of other nations having congratulated Yunus upon having been sworn in as the new Chief Adviser of the interim government of Bangladesh. [48] [49] [50]
We have decided that an interim government would be formed, in which internationally renowned Nobel laureate Dr. Muhammad Yunus, who has wide acceptability, would be the chief adviser.
The government that has been formed under the leadership of Dr. Muhammad Yunus has support from us businessmen. We hope that the broken law and order situation will be restored as soon as possible. All those students and public who were killed will be done justice through a special investigation committee and a special court of law. [lower-alpha 6]
As the primary and main task of the interim government, effective steps must be taken in restoring normalcy and peace in public life by ensuring the safety of life and property of the people through the reestablishment of law and order in the country without delay. Following the taking of office of the interim government, it should be ensured that there not be a single incident of loss of life, attack or destruction of property in the country. [lower-alpha 7]
The prime minister of Bangladesh, officially prime minister of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is the chief executive of the government of Bangladesh. The prime minister and the cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate. The prime minister is ceremonially appointed by the president of Bangladesh.
Muhammad Yunus is a Bangladeshi economist, entreprenur, politician, and civil society leader, who has been serving as the 5th Chief Adviser of the interim government of Bangladesh since 8 August 2024. Yunus was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance. Yunus has received several other national and international honors, including the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009 and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2010.
Supreme Court of Bangladesh is the highest court of law in Bangladesh. It is composed of the High Court Division and the Appellate Division, and was created by Part VI Chapter I of the Constitution of Bangladesh adopted in 1972. This is also the office of the Chief Justice, Appellate Division Justices, and High Court Division Justices of Bangladesh. As of August 2024, there are 6 Justices in Appellate Division and 78 Justices in High Court Division.
The Chief Adviser is the title of both the head of the abolished caretaker and the interim government of Bangladesh, who serves as the head of government during the transition period between one elected government and another. With powers roughly equivalent to those of the prime minister of an elected government, their executive power is limited by the constitution. The Chief Adviser leads an Advisory Committee comprising several advisers, all of them selected from among politically neutral individuals to be acceptable to all major political parties.
The history of Bangladesh (1971–present) refers to the period after the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan.
The Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is the central executive government of Bangladesh. The government was constituted by the Constitution of Bangladesh consisting the executive represented by the president, prime minister and cabinet. The legislature represented by the Jatiya Sangsad and the judiciary, represented by the Supreme Court. Bangladesh is a unitary state and the central government has the authority to govern over the entirety of the nation. The seat of the government is located in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.
The Cabinet of Bangladesh is the chief executive body in the People's Republic of Bangladesh. The cabinet is the collective decision-making body of the entire government normally under the Office of the Prime Minister, composed of the prime minister and other cabinet ministers. During a caretaker government or interim government, the cabinet is instead composed of the chief adviser and other cabinet advisers. These "advisorial" positions are equivalent to their respective ministerial positions.
Muhammad Baligh Ur Rehman is a Pakistani politician who is the former Governor of Punjab, he served in office from 30 May 2022 till 10 May 2024.
An interim government led by the Shahabuddin Ahmed ministry was formed on 9 December 1990 in Bangladesh, following President HM Ershad's resignation on 6 December in the face of a mass uprising against his regime. Shahabuddin had taken office as the acting president of the country after he was unanimously agreed upon by the leaders of all political parties to be ceremoniously appointed by Ershad just before resigning as vice-president in place of Moudud Ahmed. He administered the oath of office to his council of advisers at Bangabhaban on 9 December 1990. During this period, he gave back freedom of the press by amending a number of law including the Special Powers Act.
Abul Fayez Muhammad Khalid Hossain is a Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and currently serves as the Adviser for Religious Affairs in the Yunus interim government since 8 August 2024. His appointment marks the first time an Islamic scholar has held this advisory role in Bangladesh. He is also the Vice President of Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh and serves as the Education Adviser for Islami Andolan Bangladesh. He previously held the position of President of Islami Chhatra Samaj, the student wing of the Nizam-e-Islam Party. In academia, he is a visiting professor at the International Islamic University Chittagong and has previously served as an adjunct professor at the Asian University of Bangladesh. He was also the head of the Department of Islamic History and Culture at Omargani M.E.S. College. His editorial roles include serving as the editor of the monthly journal At-Tawheed and assistant editor of Balagh al-Sharq. He serves as a columnist for four national newspapers and has authored over two hundred research articles in a range of journals, including The Muslim World League Journal. He has published 20 books and was a key figure in editing volumes 3 to 9 of the second edition of the Islami Bishwakosh and the Sirat Encyclopedia, both published by the Islamic Foundation Bangladesh.
General Waker-uz-Zaman, OSP SGP psc born 16 September 1966 is a four star general of the Bangladesh Army who is the current Chief of Army Staff (CAS) of the Bangladesh Army since 23 June 2024. Prior to his appointment as CAS, he served as the Chief of General Staff (CGS) of the Bangladesh Army. Previously, he served as the 15th Principal Staff Officer of Armed Forces Division. Just over a month after he became the Bangladesh Army chief, amid the Non-cooperation movement protests, he announced the resignation of Sheikh Hasina as the prime minister on 5 August 2024.
Ali Imam Majumder is an advisor to the 2024 Bangladesh interim government. He is a former Bangladeshi government official who served as the cabinet secretary. He is the secretary general of Transparency International Bangladesh and an executive committee member of Citizens for Good Governance (SHUJAN).
Mohammed Shahabuddin, also known as Chuppu, is the 16th and incumbent President of Bangladesh. A jurist, civil servant and politician, he was elected unopposed in the 2023 presidential election in the nomination of the ruling Awami League. Prior to his presidency, Shahabuddin served as a district and sessions judge and a commissioner of the Anti-Corruption Commission from 2011 to 2016.
Nahid Islam is a Bangladeshi student activist who serves as an advisor to the 2024 Bangladesh interim government. He is a key coordinator of the Anti-discrimination Students Movement, which led the 2024 Bangladesh quota reform and non-cooperation movements, ultimately resulting in Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's resignation.
Asif Mahmud Shojib Bhuiyan is a Bangladeshi student activist, who is currently serving as an advisor to the Bangladesh interim government. He is a key coordinator of the Anti-discrimination Students Movement, which led the 2024 Bangladesh quota reform and Non-cooperation movements, culminating in Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's resignation.
Supradip Chakma is an advisor to the Bangladesh interim government. Chakma was born in 1961 in what is now Khagrachhari District. He studied marketing at Dhaka University.
Bidhan Ranjan Roy is a member of the advisory council of the Bangladesh Interim Government. He served as director of the National Institute of Mental Health and Hospital's department of psychiatry.
Muhammad Fouzul Kabir Khan is a Bangladeshi economist and retired civil servant. He has been serving as adviser for the Ministry of Road Transport and Bridges, Ministry of Railways, and Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources of the interim government of Bangladesh since 16 August 2024.
The interim government system of Bangladesh was established following the non-cooperation movement that arose in response to the July Revolution, after the resignation of former prime minister Sheikh Hasina. The incumbent interim government is the Yunus ministry, led by the Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus.
The leadership of Muhammad Yunus began on 8 August 2024 when he was sworn in as the Chief Adviser of Bangladesh by President Mohammed Shahabuddin. In August 2024, after the resignation of Sheikh Hasina as Prime Minister and her departure to India, the key coordinators of the protest announced that Yunus would be Chief Adviser of the Interim Government. The main pledge of the interim government is organize a constituent assembly to draft and adopt a new, inclusive, democratic constitution, ensuring the inviolability of human dignity.
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