This article is part of a series on the |
Politics of Bangladesh |
---|
Bangladeshportal |
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad, meaning national parliament, has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
Bangladesh has an unofficial two-party system which has evolved over time since the election of 1991. It means that there are two dominant political parties or coalitions, one headed by Bangladesh Awami League and the other by Bangladesh Nationalist Party, with extreme difficulty for anybody to achieve electoral success under the banner of any other party in terms of achieving a majority. However, the Jatiya Party (Ershad) also has gained electoral success over the years, winning several local and mayoral elections and being the primary opposition party since 2014 following the boycott of BNP.
The constitution was adopted in 1972 and declared Bangladesh as a parliamentary republic. However, in 1975 executive powers were transferred to the Presidency, reducing the Jatiyo Sangshad and the Prime Minister to legislative powers only. This system was maintained until 1991 when the Twelfth Amendment was passed, returning the state to a parliamentary system. Since 1971, 11 parliamentary elections have been held and three Presidential elections have been held by popular vote.
The Parliament of Bangladesh ( Jatiya Sangsad ) consists of 350 members elected to five-year terms. Of that number, 300 are elected in single-member territorial constituencies according to the first-past-the-post electoral system. The remaining 50 seats are reserved for women, and are filled on the basis of proportional representation by a vote of the 300 members. The number of reserved seats has been revised over the years, increasing from 30 to 45 under the 8th parliament and 45 to 50 under the 9th parliament. [1]
Since independence in 1971, 11 general elections have been held in Bangladesh to elect members of the Jatiya Sangsad:
1970 Pakistani general election
The 1970 Pakistani National Assembly election was held on 7 December 1970. In East Pakistan, The total number of voters were 29,479,386. The number of casting votes was 17,005,163 (57.68%), the valid casting votes was 16,454,278. [2]
Party | Votes | % | Seats |
---|---|---|---|
Awami League | 12,338,921 | 74.9 | 160 |
Jamaat-e-Islami | 991,908 | 6.0 | 0 |
Pakistan Democratic Party | 483,571 | 2.9 | 1 |
Convention Muslim League | 464,185 | 2.8 | 0 |
National Awami Party (Wali) | 310,986 | 1.8 | 0 |
Council Muslim League | 274,453 | 1.6 | 0 |
Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | 175,822 | 1.0 | 0 |
Independent | 561,083 | 3.4 | 1 |
1970 East Pakistan Provincial Assembly election
The 1970 East Pakistan Provincial Assembly election was held on 17 December 1970. The percentage of casting votes was (57.69%), and the number of reserved women seat was 10. [3]
Party | Seats | |
---|---|---|
Awami League | 288 | |
Pakistan Democratic Party | 2 | |
National Awami Party (Wali) | 1 | |
Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan | 1 | |
Nizam-e-Islam Party | 1 | |
Independents | 7 | |
Total | 300 | |
Source: Baxter [4] |
The 1973 general election was held on 7 March 1973. There were 15 seats reserved for women. [5]
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Reserved | Total | +/– | |||||
Awami League | 13,798,717 | 73.20 | 293 | 15 | 308 | +10 | ||
National Awami Party (Muzaffar) | 1,569,299 | 8.32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal | 1,229,110 | 6.52 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Bhashani) | 1,002,771 | 5.32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiya League | 62,354 | 0.33 | 1 | 0 | 1 | +1 | ||
Bangla Jatiya League | 53,097 | 0.28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Communist Party of Bangladesh | 47,211 | 0.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Sramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal | 38,421 | 0.20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Communist Party (Leninist) | 18,619 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Shramik Federation | 17,271 | 0.09 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Banglar Communist Party | 11,911 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangla Chattra Union | 7,564 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiya Congress | 3,761 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Ganatantrik Dal | 1,818 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Independents | 989,884 | 5.25 | 5 | 0 | 5 | –2 | ||
Total | 18,851,808 | 100.00 | 300 | 15 | 315 | +5 | ||
Valid votes | 18,851,808 | 97.53 | ||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 477,875 | 2.47 | ||||||
Total votes | 19,329,683 | 100.00 | ||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 35,205,642 | 54.91 | ||||||
Source: Nohlen et al., Government of Bangladesh, Kumar Panday |
The 1979 general election was held on 18 February 1979. [6] There were 30 seats reserved for women. [7]
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Reserved | Total | +/– | |||||
Bangladesh Nationalist Party | 7,934,236 | 41.17 | 207 | 30 | 237 | New | ||
Awami League | 4,734,277 | 24.56 | 39 | 0 | 39 | –269 | ||
Bangladesh Muslim League–Islamic Democratic League | 1,941,394 | 10.07 | 20 | 0 | 20 | New | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal | 931,851 | 4.83 | 8 | 0 | 8 | +7 | ||
Awami League (Mizan) | 535,426 | 2.78 | 2 | 0 | 2 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Muzaffar) | 432,514 | 2.24 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
United Peoples' Party | 170,955 | 0.89 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Gono Front | 115,622 | 0.60 | 2 | 0 | 2 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Nurur-Zahid) | 88,385 | 0.46 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Communist Party of Bangladesh | 75,455 | 0.39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Communist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist–Leninist) | 74,771 | 0.39 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiya League | 69,319 | 0.36 | 2 | 0 | 2 | +1 | ||
Jatiya Ekata Party | 44,459 | 0.23 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Bangladesh Ganatantrik Andolan | 34,259 | 0.18 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Jatiyatabadi Ganatantrik Dal | 27,259 | 0.14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Naser) | 25,336 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Janata Dal | 18,748 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
National Republican Party for Parity | 14,429 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Janata Party | 10,932 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Labour Party | 7,738 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
People's Democratic Party | 5,703 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Sramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal | 4,954 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Democratic Party | 3,564 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiya Mukti Party | 3,363 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Tanti Samity | 1,834 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Nezam-e-Islam Party | 1,575 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Gano Azadi League | 1,378 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
United Republican Party | 389 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Ganatantrik Chashi Dal | 130 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Independents | 1,963,345 | 10.19 | 16 | 0 | 16 | +15 | ||
Total | 19,273,600 | 100.00 | 300 | 30 | 330 | +15 | ||
Valid votes | 19,273,600 | 97.95 | ||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 402,524 | 2.05 | ||||||
Total votes | 19,676,124 | 100.00 | ||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 38,363,858 | 51.29 | ||||||
Source: Nohlen et al., IPU, Government of Bangladesh |
The 1986 general election was held on 7 May 1986. There were 30 seats reserved for women. [8]
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Reserved | Total | +/– | |||||
Jatiya Party | 12,079,259 | 42.34 | 153 | 30 | 183 | New | ||
Awami League | 7,462,157 | 26.16 | 76 | 0 | 76 | +37 | ||
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami | 1,314,057 | 4.61 | 10 | 0 | 10 | New | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Rab) | 725,303 | 2.54 | 4 | 0 | 4 | New | ||
Bangladesh Muslim League | 412,765 | 1.45 | 4 | 0 | 4 | +4 | ||
Oikya National Awami Party | 369,824 | 1.30 | 5 | 0 | 5 | +5 | ||
Communist Party of Bangladesh | 259,728 | 0.91 | 5 | 0 | 5 | +5 | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Siraj) | 248,705 | 0.87 | 3 | 0 | 3 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Muzaffar) | 202,520 | 0.71 | 2 | 0 | 2 | +1 | ||
Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League | 191,107 | 0.67 | 3 | 0 | 3 | New | ||
Workers Party of Bangladesh | 151,828 | 0.53 | 3 | 0 | 3 | New | ||
Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan | 123,306 | 0.43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jana Dal | 98,100 | 0.34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Nagarik Sanghati | 68,290 | 0.24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Islami Jukta Front | 50,509 | 0.18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Janata Party (Odud) | 46,704 | 0.16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Samyabadi Dal (M-L) | 36,944 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Gano Azadi League | 23,632 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Bangladesh Islamic Andolan | 22,931 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jamaaiatay Olamaya Islam | 5,676 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jamaaiatay Olamaya Islam-Nezam-e-Islami party | 5,572 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Pragotishil Jatiyatabadi Dal | 2,997 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Janata Party (Sujat) | 1,988 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jayita League | 1,985 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | –2 | ||
Bangladesh Hindu Oikkya Front | 1,338 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiyatabadi Ganatantrik Dal | 149 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Young Muslim Society | 141 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Islamic Republican Party | 110 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Independents | 4,619,025 | 16.19 | 32 | 0 | 32 | +16 | ||
Total | 28,526,650 | 100.00 | 300 | 30 | 330 | 0 | ||
Valid votes | 28,526,650 | 98.69 | ||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 377,209 | 1.31 | ||||||
Total votes | 28,903,859 | 100.00 | ||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 47,305,886 | 61.10 | ||||||
Source: Nohlen et al., IPU, Government of Bangladesh |
The 1988 general election was held on 3 March 1988. There were 30 seats reserved for women. [9]
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jatiya Party | 17,680,133 | 68.44 | 251 | +98 | |
Combined Opposition Party | 3,263,340 | 12.63 | 19 | New | |
Bangladesh Freedom Party | 850,284 | 3.29 | 2 | New | |
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Siraj) | 309,666 | 1.20 | 3 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan | 105,910 | 0.41 | 0 | 0 | |
23-Party Alliance | 102,930 | 0.40 | 0 | New | |
Ganatantra Bastabayan Party | 4,209 | 0.02 | 0 | New | |
Jana Dal | 28,929 | 0.11 | 0 | 0 | |
Independents | 3,487,457 | 13.50 | 25 | –7 | |
Total | 25,832,858 | 100.00 | 300 | 0 | |
Source: Nohlen, Government of Bangladesh |
The 1991 general election was held on 13 January 1991. There were 30 seats reserved for women. [10]
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Reserved | Total | +/– | |||||
Bangladesh Nationalist Party | 10,507,549 | 30.81 | 140 | 28 | 168 | New | ||
Awami League | 10,259,866 | 30.08 | 88 | 0 | 88 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami | 4,136,661 | 12.13 | 18 | 2 | 20 | New | ||
Jatiya Party | 4,063,537 | 11.92 | 35 | 0 | 35 | –216 | ||
Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League | 616,014 | 1.81 | 5 | 0 | 5 | New | ||
Zaker Party | 417,737 | 1.22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Communist Party of Bangladesh | 407,515 | 1.19 | 5 | 0 | 5 | New | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Rab) | 269,451 | 0.79 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Islami Oikya Jote | 269,434 | 0.79 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Muzaffar) | 259,978 | 0.76 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Inu) | 171,011 | 0.50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Ganatantri Party | 152,529 | 0.45 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
National Democratic Party | 121,918 | 0.36 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Bangladesh Janata Dal | 120,729 | 0.35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
United Communist League of Bangladesh | 110,517 | 0.32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan | 93,049 | 0.27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Bangladesh Freedom Party | 90,781 | 0.27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | –2 | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Siraj) | 84,276 | 0.25 | 1 | 0 | 1 | –2 | ||
Bangladesh Muslim League (Ainuddin) | 66,565 | 0.20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Workers Party of Bangladesh | 63,434 | 0.19 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Bangladesh Samajtantrik Dal (Khaliquzzaman) | 34,868 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Muslim League (Kader) | 32,693 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Janata Mukti Party | 30,962 | 0.09 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Ganotantrik Party | 24,761 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Inquilab Party | 24,310 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Oikkya Front | 21,624 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Janata Party–Ganatantrik Oikkya Jote | 20,568 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jomiyatay Wulamayya Islami Party | 15,073 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Samajtantrik Dal (Mahbub) | 13,413 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Hindu League | 11,941 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Samyabadi Dal (Marxist-Leninist) | 11,275 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Oikkya Prakriyya | 11,074 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Muslim League (Matin) | 11,073 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Bhashani) | 9,129 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Pragotishil Jatiyatabadi Dal | 6,677 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Sramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal | 6,396 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Biplobi Front | 3,671 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Pragotishil Ganatantrik Sakt | 3,598 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Janata Party (Ashraf) | 3,187 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiya Tanti Dal | 3,115 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Muslim League (Yusuf) | 2,757 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Jukta Front | 2,668 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Janata Party (Asad) | 1,570 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh National Congress | 1,421 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiyatabadi Ganatantrik Chhashi Dal | 1,317 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Gano Azadi League (Samad) | 1,314 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Janasakti Party | 1,263 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Nezam-e-Islam Party | 1,236 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Islamic Samajtantrik Dal Bangladesh | 1,039 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Freedom League | 1,034 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Peoples Democratic Party | 879 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh People's League (Goariobi Newaz) | 742 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Mukti Dal | 723 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jana Parishad | 686 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Muslim Peoples Party | 515 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Mukti Andolan | 503 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh National Hindu Party | 502 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiyatabadi Ganatantrik Dal | 496 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Democratic League | 453 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Humanitarian Organization for the Prevention of Smoking and Drug Abuse | 453 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Tarun Sangha | 417 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Labour Party | 318 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Manobatabadi Dal | 294 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Ideal Party | 251 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Sadequr Rahman) | 248 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Khilafat Party | 241 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Islamic Biplobi Parishad | 214 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Islami Front | 202 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Bekar Samaj | 182 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Adarsha Krishak Dal | 154 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Islamic Revolutionary Party | 138 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Bekar Party | 39 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Sramajibi Party | 28 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
National Awami Party (Nur Mohammad Kazi) | 27 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiya People's Party | 25 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Independents | 1,497,369 | 4.39 | 3 | 0 | 3 | –22 | ||
Total | 34,103,677 | 100.00 | 300 | 30 | 330 | +30 | ||
Valid votes | 34,103,677 | 98.92 | ||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 374,026 | 1.08 | ||||||
Total votes | 34,477,703 | 100.00 | ||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 62,181,743 | 55.45 | ||||||
Source: Nohlen et al., Bangladesh Election Commission, Kumar Panday |
Following boycotts by the main opposition party, the Bangladesh Awami League, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party won the uncontested February 1996 general election. However, amidst protests, they were made to cave in to Awami League's original demands, dissolve the parliament, and hold elections under a neutral caretaker government after the enactment of the 13th amendment.
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Reserved | Total | +/– | |||||
Bangladesh Nationalist Party | 278 | 30 | 308 | +140 | ||||
Bangladesh Freedom Party | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Independents | 10 | 0 | 10 | +7 | ||||
Vacant | 11 | 0 | 11 | – | ||||
Total | 300 | 30 | 330 | 0 | ||||
Total votes | 11,776,481 | – | ||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 56,149,182 | 20.97 | ||||||
Source: Nohlen et al., Kumar Panday |
Bangladesh Awami League won the June 1996 general election for the first time since 1973 by forming a coalition government, since they fell 5 seats short of a majority.
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Reserved | Total | +/– | |||||
Awami League | 15,882,792 | 37.44 | 146 | 27 | 173 | New | ||
Bangladesh Nationalist Party | 14,255,986 | 33.61 | 116 | 0 | 116 | –192 | ||
Jatiya Party | 6,954,981 | 16.40 | 32 | 3 | 35 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami | 3,653,013 | 8.61 | 3 | 0 | 3 | New | ||
Islami Oikya Jote | 461,517 | 1.09 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Zaker Party | 167,597 | 0.40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Rab) | 97,916 | 0.23 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Workers Party of Bangladesh | 56,404 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Gano Forum | 54,250 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Inu) | 50,944 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Communist Party of Bangladesh | 48,549 | 0.11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Bangladesh | 45,585 | 0.11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Sammilita Sangram Parishad | 40,803 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Freedom Party | 38,974 | 0.09 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Samridhya Bangladesh Andolon | 27,083 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Islami Front | 23,696 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan | 18,397 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiyabadi Awami League | 11,190 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Islami Shasantantra Andolon | 11,159 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesher Samajtantrik Dal (Khalekuzzaman) | 10,234 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Samajtantrik Dal (Mahbub) | 6,791 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh National Awami Party (NAP Bashani) | 5,948 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Muslim League (Jamir Ali) | 4,580 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Ganatantri Party | 4,114 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh National Awami Party (NAP) | 3,620 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Democratic Republican Party | 3,605 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Janata Party | 3,364 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Janata Party (Nurul Islam) | 2,986 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Janata Party (Sheikh Asad) | 2,395 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Social Democratic Party | 1,938 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Gano Azadi League | 1,683 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Progotisil Jatiata Badi Dal | 1,515 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Hak Kathar Mancha | 1,340 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Samyabadi Dal (Marxist-Leninist) | 1,148 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Sramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal | 964 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Communist Kendra | 888 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Biplobi Front | 631 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Saat Dalya Jote (Mirpur) | 602 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Hindu League | 570 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Peoples Party | 558 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Bekar Samaj | 548 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Tafsil Jati Federation (S.K. Mandal) | 537 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Desh Prem Party | 532 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Ganotantrik Sarbahara Party | 502 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiya League (Sobhan) | 418 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jana Dal | 395 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Mahiuddin) | 393 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Seba Dal | 365 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
National Democratic Party | 353 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Krisak Sramik Janata Party | 294 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Islami Al Zihad Dal | 288 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Sarbahara Party | 248 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Jatiya Daridra Party | 244 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Sramajibi Oikya Forum | 229 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Islamic Dal Bangladesh (Saifur) | 221 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh People's League | 213 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Samajtantrik Samsad (Darshan Shava) | 209 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Mukti Andolon | 189 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Gano Oikkya Front (Guff) | 186 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Mehanati Front | 173 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Tafsili Federation (Sudir) | 150 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
People's Muslim League | 140 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
National Awami Party (NAP Bhashani) | 138 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Quran Dorshion Sangshta Bangladesh | 137 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Progatishil Gonotantrik Shakti | 134 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Islami Party | 132 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Jatiya Agragati Party | 131 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Oikya Prokria | 112 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Bashani Adarsha Bastabayan Parishad | 107 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Bastuhara Parishad | 105 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh National Congress | 99 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Quran Sunna Bastabayan Party | 82 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Tanjimul Muslimin | 81 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Samridhya Bangladesh Babosai Samproday | 48 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bashani Front | 45 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Krishak Raj Islami Party | 33 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
National Patriotic Party | 31 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Islami Biplobi Parishad | 29 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Taherikay Olama-e-Bangladesh | 29 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
United Peoples' Party | 26 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Bangladesh Manabodjikar Dal | 20 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
Independents | 449,618 | 1.06 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
Total | 42,418,274 | 100.00 | 300 | 30 | 330 | 0 | ||
Valid votes | 42,418,274 | 98.92 | ||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 462,302 | 1.08 | ||||||
Total votes | 42,880,576 | 100.00 | ||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 56,716,935 | 75.60 | ||||||
Source: Bangladesh Election Commission, Kumar Panday |
BNP won two-thirds majority in the parliament and won the 2001 general election.
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bangladesh Nationalist Party | 22,833,978 | 40.97 | 193 | |
Awami League | 22,365,516 | 40.13 | 62 | |
Islami Jatiya Oikya Front | 4,038,453 | 7.25 | 14 | |
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami | 2,385,361 | 4.28 | 17 | |
Bangladesh Jatiya Party | 621,772 | 1.12 | 4 | |
Islami Oikya Jote | 376,343 | 0.68 | 2 | |
Krishak Sramik Janata League | 261,344 | 0.47 | 1 | |
Jatiya Party (Manju) | 243,617 | 0.44 | 1 | |
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal | 119,382 | 0.21 | 0 | |
Communist Party of Bangladesh | 56,991 | 0.10 | 0 | |
Workers Party of Bangladesh | 40,484 | 0.07 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Islami Front | 30,761 | 0.06 | 0 | |
BASAD–Khalekuzzaman | 21,164 | 0.04 | 0 | |
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Bangladesh | 19,256 | 0.03 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan | 13,472 | 0.02 | 0 | |
Gano Forum | 8,494 | 0.02 | 0 | |
Islami Shasantantra Andolon | 5,944 | 0.01 | 0 | |
Liberal Party Bangladesh | 3,976 | 0.01 | 0 | |
National Awami Party (NAP) | 3,801 | 0.01 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Progressive Party | 3,734 | 0.01 | 0 | |
Ganatantri Party | 3,190 | 0.01 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Samajtantrik Dal | 2,308 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Janata Party | 1,703 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Mukti Andolon | 1,248 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Zaker Party | 1,181 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Peoples Congress | 1,155 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Communist Kendra | 1,042 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Communist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist–Leninist) | 972 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Hindu League | 922 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Gano Azadi League | 780 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Jatiyo Janata Party (Adv. Nurul Islam Khan) | 657 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Muslim League (Jamir Ali) | 582 | 0.00 | 0 | |
National Patriotic Party | 551 | 0.00 | 0 | |
National Awami Party (Bhashani) | 442 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Jatiya Tanti Dal | 441 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Samridha Bangladesh Andolon | 429 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Sramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal | 391 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Peoples Party | 382 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Desh Prem Party | 366 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Democratic Republican Party | 364 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Manabadhikar Dal | 237 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Krisak Sramik Janata Party | 197 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Liberal Democrats Party | 170 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Quran Darshan Sangstha Bangladesh | 161 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Jatiya Janata Party (Sheik Asad) | 148 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Pragatishil Ganotantrik Shakti | 136 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Sama-Samaj Ganotantri Party | 131 | 0.00 | 0 | |
National Awami Party (NAP-Bhashani Mushtaq) | 79 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Quran and Sunnah Bastabayan Party | 77 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bhashani Front | 76 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League | 59 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Bhashani Adarsha Bastabayan Parishad | 58 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Bangladesh Sarbahara Party | 44 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Jatiya Janata Party (Hafizur) | 30 | 0.00 | 0 | |
Independents | 2,262,073 | 4.06 | 6 | |
Total | 55,736,625 | 100.00 | 300 | |
Valid votes | 55,736,625 | 99.20 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 449,082 | 0.80 | ||
Total votes | 56,185,707 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 74,946,364 | 74.97 | ||
Source: ECB |
Bangladesh Awami League won two-thirds majority in the parliament and won the 2008 general election.
General seats results by alliance (left) and party (right) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party or alliance | Votes | % | Seats | |||||||
General | Reserved | Total | +/– | |||||||
Grand Alliance | Awami League | 33,634,629 | 48.04 | 230 | 36 | 266 | +204 | |||
Jatiya Party (Ershad) | 4,926,360 | 7.04 | 27 | 4 | 31 | +17 | ||||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal | 506,605 | 0.72 | 3 | 0 | 3 | +3 | ||||
Workers Party of Bangladesh | 262,093 | 0.37 | 2 | 0 | 2 | +2 | ||||
Liberal Democratic Party | 191,679 | 0.27 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||||
Total | 39,521,366 | 56.45 | 263 | 40 | 303 | +226 | ||||
Four Party Alliance | Bangladesh Nationalist Party | 22,757,101 | 32.50 | 30 | 5 | 35 | –158 | |||
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami | 3,289,967 | 4.70 | 2 | 0 | 2 | –15 | ||||
Bangladesh Jatiya Party | 173,292 | 0.25 | 1 | 0 | 1 | –3 | ||||
Islami Oikya Jote | 108,415 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | –2 | ||||
Total | 26,328,775 | 37.61 | 33 | 5 | 38 | –178 | ||||
Islami Andolan Bangladesh | 658,254 | 0.94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Bangladesh | 175,245 | 0.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Bikalpa Dhara Bangladesh | 146,827 | 0.21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Zaker Party | 134,933 | 0.19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Jatiya Ganotantrik Party | 107,796 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Krishak Sramik Janata League | 102,879 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | –1 | ||||
Gano Forum | 72,911 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Communist Party of Bangladesh | 42,331 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Socialist Party of Bangladesh | 38,643 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Rab) | 37,350 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Bangladesh Islami Front | 31,785 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Khelafat Majlish | 27,921 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Bangladesh National Awami Party | 24,141 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Bangladesh Kalayan Party | 21,609 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Bangladesh Tarikat Federation | 19,905 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan | 16,944 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Progressive Democratic Party | 14,228 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
National People's Party | 10,348 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Bangladesh Jatiya Party | 8,383 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Jatiya Party (Manju) | 7,818 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | –1 | ||||
Bangladesh NAP | 4,365 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
People's Front | 4,009 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
United Citizens Movement | 3,542 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Ganatantri Party | 2,550 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Revolutionary Workers Party of Bangladesh | 2,021 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Bangladesh Muslim League | 1,113 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Islamic Front Bangladesh | 1,020 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Bangladesh Freedom Party | 566 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||||
Communist Party of Bangladesh (ML) | 297 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Independents | 2,060,392 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | 4 | –2 | ||||
None of the above | 381,924 | 0.55 | – | – | – | – | ||||
Total | 70,012,191 | 100.00 | 300 | 45 | 345 | +45 | ||||
Valid votes | 70,012,191 | 99.10 | ||||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 636,294 | 0.90 | ||||||||
Total votes | 70,648,485 | 100.00 | ||||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 81,087,003 | 87.13 | ||||||||
Source: ECB, Asian Tribune |
In the 2014 general election the Awami League was declared victors in 127 of the 154 uncontested seats by default on 5 January 2014. [11] Of the remaining uncontested seats, the Jatiya Party led by Rowshan Ershad won 20, the JSD won three, the Workers Party won two and the Jatiya Party (Manju) won one. [12]
As a result of violence and the opposition boycott voter turnout was 22%. [13] [14] Results of 139 seats out of 147 were released, with the Awami League winning 105, the Jatiya Party winning 13, the Workers Party winning four, the JSD winning two and the Tarikat Federation and BNF winning one each. [12] The remaining 8 constituencies election were suspended due to violence and re-election to be held. [12] The newly elected MPs were sworn in on 9 January. [15]
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Reserved | Total | ||||||
Awami League | 12,357,374 | 72.14 | 234 | 39 | 273 | |||
Jatiya Party | 1,199,727 | 7.00 | 34 | 6 | 40 | |||
Workers Party of Bangladesh | 359,620 | 2.10 | 6 | 1 | 7 | |||
Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal | 203,799 | 1.19 | 5 | 1 | 6 | |||
Bangladesh Tarikat Federation | 177,449 | 1.04 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |||
Jatiya Party (Manju) | 124,389 | 0.73 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |||
Bangladesh Nationalist Front | 107,990 | 0.63 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
Bangladesh National Awami Party | 7,120 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Khelafat Majlish | 5,725 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Gano Front | 2,717 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Bangladesh Islami Front | 2,585 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Ganatantri Party | 2,031 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Independents | 2,579,324 | 15.06 | 16 | 3 | 19 | |||
Total | 17,129,850 | 100.00 | 300 | 50 | 350 | |||
Valid votes | 17,129,850 | 98.49 | ||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 263,037 | 1.51 | ||||||
Total votes | 17,392,887 | 100.00 | ||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 43,943,184 | 39.58 | ||||||
Source: Parliament, Election Commission, IPU |
The 2018 general election held on 30 December 2018, voter turnout was 80%. Bangladesh Awami League under the leadership of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina won their 4th term as the ruling party with 302 seats. The Jatiya Party became the main opposition party with only 26 seats. [16]
The 2024 general election held on 7 January 2024, voter turnout was 40%. Bangladesh Awami League under the leadership of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina won their 5th term as the ruling party with 223 seats with two other parties(jatiya party and trinamul BNP) securing 6 seats. Other than the political parties, independents won a total of 63 seats. [17]
In 1974, the president was elected by the National Assembly with only one candidate on the ballot, before a new constitution was adopted in 1975 for the president to be elected by popular vote. There were three such elections, in 1978, 1981 and 1986. After the constitutional reform in 1991, the President was elected by the parliament.
Following constitutional reform and a return to a parliamentary democracy in 1991, the office of the President has been largely a ceremonial one. The President is elected by a vote in the Jatiya Sangsad. A Presidential term is for five-years, although they remain in office until their successor is elected. Elections under this system have taken place in 1991, 1996, 2001, 2002, 2009, 2013 and 2018.
The 1978 Bangladeshi presidential elections were held on 3 June 1978. They were the first direct elections for the post President, as the post had previously been elected by the Jatiya Sangsad. The result was a victory for Ziaur Rahman, who won 76.6% of the vote. Turnout was 54.3%.
Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
---|---|---|---|
Ziaur Rahman | Bangladesh Jatiyatabadi Front | 15,733,807 | 76.6 |
M. A. G. Osmani | Ganatantrik Oikkya Jote | 4,455,200 | 21.7 |
Eight other candidates | 342,554 | 1.7 | |
Invalid/blank votes | 354,010 | – | |
Total | 20,885,571 | 100 |
The 1981 Bangladeshi presidential elections were held on 15 November 1981. The result was a victory for the incumbent acting President Abdus Sattar of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), who received 65.5% of the vote, beating his principal challenger Kamal Hossain of the Awami League. Voter turnout was 54.3%.
Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
---|---|---|---|
Abdus Sattar | Bangladesh Nationalist Party | 14,203,958 | 65.5 |
Kamal Hossain | Bangladesh Awami League | 5,636,113 | 26.0 |
Maulana Mohammudullah | Independent | 388,741 | 1.8 |
M. A. G. Osmani | Independent | 293,637 | 1.4 |
M. A. Jalil | Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal | 248,769 | 1.1 |
Muzaffar Ahmed | NAP (M)-CPB | 224,188 | 1.0 |
33 other candidates | 682,154 | 3.2 | |
Invalid/blank votes | 332,524 | – | |
Total | 22,010,084 | 100 |
The 1986 Bangladeshi presidential elections were held on 15 October 1986. The result was a victory for incumbent Hussain Muhammad Ershad, who had assumed the office in 1983 following a military coup. Ershad reportedly won 84.1% of the vote with a voter turnout of 54.9%. However the elections were controversial as they were boycotted by all major opposition candidates and there were reports of irregularities.
Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
---|---|---|---|
Hussain Muhammad Ershad | Jatiya Party | 21,795,337 | 84.1 |
Mauluna Mohammadullah | Independent | 1,510,456 | 5.8 |
Syed Faruque Rahman | Bangladesh Freedom Party | 1,202,303 | 4.6 |
Nine other candidates | 1,408,195 | 5.4 | |
Invalid/blank votes | 380,745 | – | |
Total | 26,297,337 | 100 |
Politics of Bangladesh takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972 and has undergone seventeen amendments.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 1 October 2001. The 300 seats of the Jatiya Sangsad were contested by 1,935 candidates representing 54 parties and 484 independents. The elections were the second to be held under the caretaker government concept, introduced in 1996.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 29 December 2008. The two main parties in the election were the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), led by Khaleda Zia, and the Bangladesh Awami League Party, led by Sheikh Hasina. The Bangladesh Awami League Party formed a fourteen-party Grand Alliance including Ershad's Jatiya Party, while the BNP formed a four-party alliance which included the Islamist party Jamaat-e-Islami. The election was originally scheduled for January 2007, but it was postponed by a military-controlled caretaker government for an extended period of time.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 27 February 1991. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) emerged as the largest party in parliament, winning 140 of the 300 directly elected seats. The BNP formed a government with the support of the Islamic party Jamaat-e-Islami and on 20 March Khaleda Zia was sworn in for her first term as Prime Minister.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 12 June 1996. The result was a victory for the Bangladesh Awami League, which won 146 of the 300 directly elected seats, beginning Sheikh Hasina's first-term as Prime Minister. Voter turnout was 75%, the highest to date. This election was the second to be held in 1996, following controversial elections held in February a few months earlier.
General elections were held in newly independent Bangladesh on 7 March 1973. A total of 1,078 candidates and 14 political parties contested the elections.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 7 May 1986. A total of 1,527 candidates contested the elections. The result was a victory for the Jatiya Party, which won 153 of the 300 directly elected seats. Voter turnout was 61%. Bangladesh Nationalist Party, the winner of the previous elections, boycotted the election.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 3 March 1988. They were boycotted by several major parties, including the Bangladesh Awami League, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, the Communist Party of Bangladesh, Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League, the National Awami Party (Muzaffar) and the Workers Party of Bangladesh. The result was a victory for the Jatiya Party, which won 251 of the 300 seats. Voter turnout was 52%.
A constitutional referendum was held in Bangladesh on 15 September 1991. Voters were asked "Should or not the President assent to the Constitution Bill, 1991 of the People's Republic of Bangladesh?" The amendments would lead to the reintroduction of parliamentary government, with the President becoming the constitutional head of state, but the Prime Minister the executive head. It also abolished the position of vice-president and would see the President elected by Parliament.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 5 January 2014, in accordance with the constitutional requirement that elections must take place within the 90-day period before the expiration of the term of the Jatiya Sangshad on 24 January 2014.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 30 December 2018 to elect 300 directly-elected members of the Jatiya Sangsad. The result was another landslide victory for the Awami League-led Grand Alliance led by Sheikh Hasina. The elections were marred by violence, and were widely considered by opposition politicians and the international community to be rigged.
A. K. M. Bahauddin Bahar is a Bangladeshi politician from Awami League and a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Comilla-6 constituency. His original name is Abul khayer muhammad bahauddin bahar
Sultan Muhammed Mansur Ahmed is a Bangladeshi politician. He was vice president of Dhaka University Central Students' Union. In 2018 Bangladesh general election he contested from Moulvibazar-2 as a candidate of Jatiya Oikya Front and won the seat.
The 2022 Rangpur City Corporation election was a Bangladeshi local governmental election held on 27 December 2022. The City Corporation elections are held every five years, and this was the third of its kind in Rangpur. The mayor and 44 councilors of the corporation were elected in this election. A total of 9 candidates contested in the mayoral election, and other 246 contesting for general councils and reserved (women) seats. Jatiya Party's Mostafizar Rahman Mostafa held the mayoral post by winning in a huge margin with ruling Awami League's candidate landing as fourth.
In 2023, by-elections are scheduled to be held for vacant seats in the Jatiya Sangsad, the legislative body of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. In the Jatiya Sangsad, MPs for 300 seats are elected directly and MPs for 50 reserved women seats are elected indirectly by the MPs, thus popular by-elections are only held in the direct seats. As the 11th parliament is scheduled to be expire on 29 January 2024 and the Election Commission has announced to hold the next Bangladeshi general election between late December 2023 to early January 2024, all candidates elected by these by-polls will be members of the 11th Jatiya Sangsad.
The Sheaf of Paddy is the political symbol of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).
General Elections were held in East Pakistan province on Monday 7 December 1970 to elect 169 Members of 5th National Assembly of Pakistan. Out of 169 National Assembly seats 162 were General seats and 7 was reserved for woman. Awami League won 167 out of 169 seats belonging to East Pakistan in the National Assembly of Pakistan, as well as a landslide in the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly.
The 2023 Barishal City Corporation election was an election in Barisal, Bangladesh, held on 12 June 2023 to elect the next mayor & councillors of Barisal. A total of 276,298 people cast their votes in 894 rooms of 126 polling stations in Barishal City Corporation election.
Elections in Bangladesh in 2018 include election to the office of the President of Bangladesh, 11th Jatiya Sangsad election, by-elections to the 10th Jatiya Sangsad, elections to several city corporations, municipalities and local bodies.
General elections are held in Bangladesh to elect members of the Jatiya Sangsad, the unicameral national parliament. The Jatiya Sangsad consists of 300 members elected by first-past-the-post voting in single-member constituencies and 50 seats reserved for women, which are allocated based on the proportional vote share received by parties. Elections are overseen by the Bangladesh Election Commission.