Timeline of Bangladeshi history

Last updated

This is a timeline of Bangladeshi history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Bangladesh and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Bangladesh. See also the list of presidents of Bangladesh and list of prime ministers of Bangladesh, and the list of years in Bangladesh.

Contents

Millennia: 2nd BC–1st BC  · 1st–2nd  · 3rd

Centuries: 16th BC  · 15th BC  · 14th BC  · 13th BC  · 12th BC  · 11th BC  · 10th BC  · 9th BC  · 8th BC  · 7th BC  · 6th BC  · 5th BC  · 4th BC  · 3rd BC  · 2nd BC  · 1st BC

1st  · 2nd  · 3rd  · 4th  · 5th  · 6th  · 7th  · 8th  · 9th  · 10th  · 11th  · 12th  · 13th  · 14th  · 15th  · 16th  · 17th  · 18th  · 19th  · 20th

16th century BC

YearDateEvent
1600 BC Chalcolithic period. The Pandu Rajar Dhibi archaeological site dates to this period.

15th century BC

14th century BC

13th century BC

12th century BC

11th century BC

10th century BC

9th century BC

8th century BC

7th century BC

YearDateEvent
700 BC Urban civilization emerges at Mahasthangarh, Bogra district, capital of the Pundravardhana area.

6th century BC

YearDateEvent
600 BC Anga and Pundra Kingdoms emerge.
544 BCConquest of the island of Lanka by Vijaya Singha

5th century BC

YearDateEvent
450 BCUrban civilization emerges at Wari-Bateshwar [1]

4th century BC

3rd century BC

YearDateEvent
300 BCThe kingdom of Gangaridai mentioned in an account by Greek traveller Megasthenes. Ancient city of Pundravardhana also dates back to this period.

2nd century BC

1st century BC

1st century

2nd century

3rd century

YearDateEvent

4th century

YearDateEvent
335-375Mention of Samatata in Allahabad Pillar inscription as a tributary of the Gupta empire under Samudragupta. [2]
375-415Samatata is annexed to the Gupta empire during the reign of Chandragupta II. [2]

5th century

YearDateEvent

6th century

YearDateEvent
500-510Gupta influence dwindles during the reign of Vainyagupta and Gopachandra emerges as an independent ruler of Samatata. [2] [3]
590-625Reign of Shashanka, foundation of Gauda Kingdom.

7th century

YearDateEvent
625Khadgodyama (to 640)
640Jatakhadga (to 658)
658Devakhadga (to 673)
673Rajabhata (to 690)
690Balabhata (to 705)

8th century

YearDateEvent
750 Gopala I, founder of the Pala Dynasty comes to power in Gaur through a democratic election.
Buddhist kings of the Pala Empire rule the entire subcontinent from Gauda. (to 1000)

9th century

YearDateEvent
900Rule of the Candra or Chandra dynasty in the Harikela (south-east Bangladesh) region. (to 1000)
950Start of writing of Charyapada, the oldest writing form of Bengali language.

10th century

11th century

YearDateEvent
1095 Hemanta Sen declares himself king of Bengal founding the Sena dynasty.
Rule of Sena Dynasty in Bengal. (to 1204)

12th century

13th century

YearDateEvent
1204 Ikhtiyar Uddin Muhammad Bin Bakhtiyar Khalji's conquest of Bengal. Onset of Muslim rule in Bengal.
Rule of the Turkic Khilji Maliks. (to 1226)
1226 Iltutmish, Sultan of Delhi, invades Bengal and kills Ghiyasuddin Iwaj Shah, the last Khilji ruler.
1227Rule of the Mameluk Sultans of Delhi. (to 1281)
1281Rule of the Mahmud Shahi dynasty. (to 1324)

14th century

YearDateEvent
1328 Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah, the last ruler of the dynasty is defeated and killed by the army of the Delhi Sultanate.
1342First period of rule by the independent Ilyas Shahi Dynasty. (to 1414)

15th century

YearDateEvent
1415The Ganesha Dynasty usurps power. (to 1436)
1436Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah restores the Ilyas Shahi Dynasty.
Second period of rule by the Ilyas Shahi Dynasty. (to 1486)
1487 Jalaluddin Fateh Shah is assassinated by Habshi slaves.
Rule of the Habshi Sultans. (to 1494)
1494Rule of the Hussain Shahi dynasty. (to 1538)

16th century

YearDateEvent
1534The Portuguese arrive at Chittagong and receive trade permits.
1538 Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah, the last Hussain Shahi Sultan and his Portuguese allies are defeated by Sher Shah Suri.
Humayun occupies Gaur, but leaves Bengal to Sher Shah Suri.
1575 Battle of Tukaroi between the Sultanate of Bangala and the Mughal Empire.
1578Mughal Subahdar Khan Jahan invades the Bhati region of East Bengal, but is defeated by Isa Khan and his allies, near Kishoreganj.
1584Mughal Subahdar Shahbaz Khan captures Sonargaon, capital of Isa Khan who then defeats the Mughal army in the battles of Egarasindhur and Bhawal to reclaim his lands.
1586The second campaign of Shahbaz Khan. Isa Khan proposes peace and pretends loyalty.
1594Raja Man Singh is appointed Subahdar of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.
1597Man Singh sends forces against Isa Khan but they are defeated in a naval battle near Vikrampur.

17th century

YearDateEvent
1608Subahdar Islam Khan's leads an expedition into Bengal to subjugate the local rulers then moves the provincial capital to Dhaka and renames it Jahangir Nagar. (to 1613)

18th century

YearDateEvent
1757 Battle of Palashi. a decisive British East India Company victory over the Nawab of Bengal establishes Company rule in India. The last Nawab was Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah
1764 Battle of Buxar, With the defeat of Mir Qasim, Mir Jafar's successor at the Battle of Boxer, the ruling power of Bengal was formally taken over by the British.
1765After the Battle of Boxer, in 1765, Robert Clive received the civil rights of Bengal-Bihar-Orissa from the last Mughal Emperor of Delhi, Shah Alam.
1770 Bengal famine of 1770 causes the death of 10 million people.(1/3 portion people died)
1793 Permanent Settlement Act imposed on Bengal.

19th century

YearDateEvent
1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 also known as the Sepoy Mutiny/ Indian Mutiny breaks out.
1841Establishment of Dhaka College also known as the first college of Bangladesh.
1858East India Company is dissolved and the British Raj begins.
2 AugustThe Government of India Act was passed in the British Parliament.
1861In 1861, the Government of India was directed to set up a representative legislature in Bengal and the proceedings of the Bengal Legislative Assembly began.
18621 FebruaryThe proceedings of the Bengal Legislative Assembly began. The number of members was 12. But in 1892, the number of member increased to 21.

20th century

YearDateEvent
1905 Partition of Bengal.
1907 Haraprasad Shastri discovered Charyapad, the oldest known Bengali written form.
1921Establishment of Dhaka University, the first university of Bengal territory (now Bangladesh).
193018 April Chittagong Armoury Raid by Surya Sen.
193412 January Surya Sen was hanged on 12 January 1934 by the British rulers following the arrest in February 1933.
1936September A. K. Fazlul Huq forms the Krishak Sramik Party.
194714 & 15 August Partition of British India, Pakistan and India become two independent states.
194811 MarchGeneral strike by students protesting at the exclusion of Bengali as an official language.
21 March Governor-General of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah declares in a civic reception that "Urdu, and only Urdu" will remain as the state language. [4] [ failed verification ]
24 MarchJinnah reasserts his 'Urdu-only' policy in a speech at Curzon Hall at the University of Dhaka.
28 MarchJinnah reiterates his language policy on radio.
194923 JuneFormation of the Awami Muslim League
195221 February Bengali Language Movement reaches its peak as the police open fire on protesting students.
195317 AprilThe Awami Muslim League becomes the Awami League.
195411 MarchThe United Front wins most of the seats in the East Bengal Legislative Assembly.
30 MayGovernor General Ghulam Muhammad deposes United Front government and establishes Governor-rule.
19556 JuneThe United Front government is reinstated, Awami League does not participate.
14 October'East Bengal' renamed 'East Pakistan'.
195629 FebruaryBengali becomes one of the state languages of Pakistan.
19587 OctoberConstitution abrogated and martial law declared in Pakistan.
19605 May Dhaka Residential Model College Established.
196321 FebruaryInauguration of the Shaheed Minar language martyr memorial.
19665 February Six point Bengali nationalist movement led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman emerges.
1968 Agartala Conspiracy Case filed by the government of Pakistan accusing Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and others of sedition.
1969January Mass Uprising of '69 (ঊনসত্তরের গণ-অভ্যুত্থান) in East Pakistan. (to February)
25 March Ayub Khan resigns and Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan assumes power under martial law.
197012 November 1970 Bhola cyclone
7 DecemberFirst general election in Pakistan. Awami League gains majority.
19712 MarchFirst hoisting of the National flag of Bangladesh (initial version) at the Dhaka University [5] by Vice President of Dhaka University Students' Union (DUCSU) leader A. S. M. Abdur Rab.
7 March Sheikh Mujibur Rahman makes his historic freedom speech.
25 March Pakistan Army launches Operation Searchlight at midnight on the 25th, marking the start of the 1971 Bangladesh atrocities. Sheikh Mujib is arrested. (to 26 March)
26 MarchSheikh Mujib declares the independence of Bangladesh before his arrest by Pakistani Army. [6]
27 MarchMajor Ziaur Rahman broadcasts the declaration of independence on behalf of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman over the radio. [7]
31 March Kushtia resistance begins. [8]
2 April Jinjira genocide
10 AprilFormation of a provisional Bangladesh government-in-exile. [9]
12 April M. A. G. Osmani takes command of the Bangladesh Armed Forces.
17 AprilThe government-in-exile takes oath at Mujibnagar.
18 April Battle of Daruin, Comilla and Battle of Rangamati-Mahalchari waterway, Chittagong Hill Tracts.
5 May Gopalpur massacre, workers slain by the Pakistani Army [10]
20 May Chuknagar massacre by the Pakistan Army.
24 May Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra radio station established in Kolkata.
11 JulySector Commanders Conference 1971. (to 17 July)
16 August Operation Jackpot, Bangladesh naval commando operation.
20 August Flight Lieutenant Matiur Rahman attempts to defect after hijacking a fighter plane.
5 September Battle of Goahati, Jessore.
28 September Bangladesh Air Force functional.
13 October Dhaka guerrillas kill Abdul Monem Khan, governor of East Pakistan.
28 October Battle of Dhalai Outpost, Srimongol.
9 NovemberSix small ships constitute the first fleet of Bangladesh Navy.
16 NovemberBattle of Ajmiriganj, an 18‑hour encounter between Mukti Bahini Freedom Fighters and the Pakistan army.
20 November Battle of Garibpur between India and the Pakistan Army. (to 21 November)
21 November Mitro Bahini, a joint force of Bangladesh and Indian troops formed.
22 November Battle of Boyra, involving Pakistani and Indian air force.
3 December Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 breaks out. Bangladesh Air Force destroys Pakistani oil depots. [11]
4 DecemberIndia officially invades East Pakistan.
6 DecemberIndia becomes the first country to recognize Bangladesh. Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra radio station becomes Bangladesh Betar.
7 DecemberLiberation of Jessore, Sylhet and the Moulovi Bazar.
9 December Chandpur and Daudkandi liberated.
10 DecemberLiberation of Laksham. Two Bangladeshi ships sunk mistakenly by Indian air attack.
11 DecemberLiberation of Hilli, Mymensingh, Kushtia and Noakhali.
14 DecemberSelective genocide of Bengali intellectuals, liberation of Bogra.
16 December Surrender of the Pakistan army and liberation of Dhaka.
22 DecemberThe provisional government of Bangladesh arrives in Dhaka from exile.
19729 FebruaryThe 25-year Indo-Bangladeshi Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace is signed in Dhaka.
10 JanuarySheikh Mujibur Rahman returns to Bangladesh.
17 March Indian army leaves Dhaka.
19 MarchThe prime ministers of Bangladesh and India sign the Joint River Commission bilateral working group. [12]
4 November Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is adopted by the Assembly.
16 DecemberConstitution of Bangladesh becomes effective.
19737 MarchFirst general election in Bangladesh is held, Bangladesh Awami League secures a majority.
6 SeptemberBangladesh joins the Non-Aligned Movement(NAM).
15 December Gallantry awards for wartime service published in the Bangladesh Gazette.
1974 Bangladesh famine of 1974 cause the deaths of over one million people.
22 FebruaryPakistan recognizes Bangladesh. [4]
9 AprilA tripartite agreement is signed between Bangladesh, India and Pakistan regarding post-war humanitarian issues. [13]
17 SeptemberBangladesh joins the United Nations (UN). [14]
28 DecemberSheikh Mujibur Rahman declares a state of emergency.
197525 JanuaryA fourth amendment to the constitution abolishes the parliamentary system and establishes a presidential system in its place.
25 FebruaryBangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League (BAKSAL) established under the leadership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as the single legitimate political party.
15 August Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
3 NovemberOn Jail Killing Day, four leaders of the liberation war are assassinated in prison.
7 NovemberMajor General Ziaur Rahman becomes deputy Martial Law Administrator.
197621 July Lieutenant Colonel. Abu Taher was sentenced to death for overthrowing the government and destroying the armed forces.
29 AugustDeath of national poet Kazi Nazrul Islam.
197721 AprilZia-ur Rahman replaces Sayem as president.
30 MayZia-ur Rahman gains 98.9 percent of votes in a referendum on his continuance as president. [4]
3 June Supreme Court justice Abdus Sattar becomes vice president.
1 SeptemberFormation of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party(BNP).
28 September Japanese Red Army terrorist group forces a hijacked Japan Airlines Flight to land in Dhaka.
1978Bangladesh is elected to a two-year term on the UN Security Council.
3 JuneZia-ur Rahman wins presidential election and secures his position for a five-year term.
197918 February The 1979 General Election takes place. Bangladesh Nationalist Party led by Zia scores a decisive victory. [15]
198130 May Assassination of Ziaur Rahman.
198224 MarchLieutenant General Hussain Muhammad Ershad assumes power after a bloodless coup.
4 OctoberBangladesh signs a memorandum of understanding with India on water sharing over the following two years. [16]
198311 December Hussain Muhammad Ershad takes over as president.
19867 MayAt the 1986 General Election, a victory by the Jatiya Party consolidates Ershad's position.
19877 DecemberErshad dissolves parliament under opposition pressure.
19883 March Jatiya Party gains an overwhelming majority in the General Election with 68.44% of the votes.
2 DecemberA devastating cyclone strikes Bangladesh. [17]
19906 DecemberErshad offers resignation.
199127 February 1991 Bangladeshi general election, Bangladesh Nationalist party snatches victory.
29 April 1991 Bangladesh cyclone kills more than 138,000.
199614 MayOver 400 are killed as a tornado strikes northern Bangladesh. [19]
19 MayFailed attempt of coup d'état by Lt. Gen. Abu Saleh Mohammad Nasim, Bir Bikram.
12 June General election of '96, Bangladesh Awami League gains majority.
12 DecemberIndia and Bangladesh sign a 30-year treaty on Ganges water sharing. [16]
19972 DecemberThe 'Chittagong Hill tracts Peace Accord' is signed between Bangladesh government and Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti. [20]
199917 November21 February is declared International Mother Language Day in the 30th General Conference of UNESCO.
200020 March President Clinton becomes the first US president to visit Bangladesh. [21]

21st century

2000s Decade

YearDateEvent
2001 1 October Bangladesh Nationalist Party secures a decisive victory at the Eighth General Election.
2002 1 JanuarySale of polythene bags banned in Dhaka for environmental reasons. [22]
5 FebruaryDeath penalty introduced for acid attacks. [23]
29 August Transparency International lists Bangladesh amongst the most corrupt nations. [24]
2004 20 MayTerrorist attack on British High Commissioner in Sylhet. [25]
21 August 2004 Dhaka grenade attack by terrorist organization Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HUJI).
2005 27 January Shah A M S Kibria assassinated in a grenade attack in the Habiganj District, Sylhet. [26]
25 FebruaryBangladesh peacekeepers ambushed and killed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [27]
6 MarchTerrorist leader Siddique ul-Islam captured.
17 AugustTerrorist group JMB simultaneously detonates 500 bombs in 300 different locations.
2006 Grameen Bank and Muhammad Yunus are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
2 MarchTerrorist leader Shaykh Abdur Rahman captured.
24 AprilA training aircraft of the Bangladesh Air Force crashes in the Jhenaidah District.
24 JuneRemains of Bir Sreshtho awardee Matiur Rahman are brought back to Bangladesh.
2007 11 JanuaryPresident Iajuddin Ahmed declares a state of emergency.
12 January Fakhruddin Ahmed takes the oath as the Chief Adviser of the caretaker government.
30 MarchLeaders of terrorist group JMJB are executed.
16 July Sheikh Hasina arrested on extortion charges and denied bail.
3 September Khaleda Zia arrested on corruption charges.
15 November Cyclone Sidr hits the coast, causing the death of around 3,500 people.
10 DecemberRemains of Bir Sreshtho awardee Hamidur Rahman bought back to Bangladesh and reinterred next to Bir Shrestho Matiur Rahman.
2008 11 JuneSheikh Hasina released on parole and flown out to the US for medical treatment.
29 DecemberBangladesh Awami League secures a landslide victory in 2008 Bangladeshi general election. Sheikh Hasina becomes prime minister for the second time.
2009 25-27 February Mutiny staged by paramilitary force Bangladesh Rifles.
25 May Cyclone Aila ravages the south-west coast.
19 NovemberVerdict on the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in the Bangabandhu Murder Case. [28]

2010s Decade

YearDateEvent
2010 28 JanuaryExecution of five condemned killers of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. [29]
24 MarchTiny South Talpatti Island off the coast of Bengal disappears, washed away thirty years after the mud flat island was created by delta currents, ending the Indian and Bangladeshi dispute over the territory. [30] [31]
2011 17 FebruaryWidespread outrage at the killing of Felani Khatun a 15-year-old Bangladeshi girl, who was shot and killed by India's Border Security Force (BSF), at India-Bangladesh border. [32] [33]
17 FebruaryBangladesh co-hosts the ICC Cricket World Cup with India and Sri Lanka.
5 SeptemberIndia and Bangladesh sign a pact to end their 40-year border demarcation dispute. [34]
2012 18 January Bangladesh Army claimed to have foiled a coup d'état attempt.
24 November Garments factory fire at Tazreen Fashion factory in Ashulia kills 117. [35]
2013 24 April Garments factory collapse at Savar claims 1,134 lives. [36]
2014 5 January 2014 Bangladeshi general election. Landslide Awami League victory. Sheikh Hasina elected for the third term as Prime Minister.
2016 1-2 July Terrorist attack and hostage crisis at Holey Artisan Bakery in Dhaka culminating in the death of 29. [37] [38]
2017 25 August Rohingya refugee crisis breaks out. Over 700,000 refugees flee to Bangladesh over the next four months. [39] [40] [41] [42]
2018 30 December 2018 Bangladeshi general election. Landslide Awami League victory. Sheikh Hasina elected for the forth term as Prime Minister.
2019 27 NovemberSeven terrorists sentenced to death for the July 2016 Dhaka attack. [43]
2020 8 MarchFirst three confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. [44]
18 MarchFirst confirmed COVID-19 death in Bangladesh. [45]
20 May Cyclone Amphan ravages West Bengal and south-western coast of Bangladesh. [46]
2023 29 June The highest grossing Bangladeshi film of all-time Priyotoma was released. [47] [48]

See also

Timelines of History: Bangladesh

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