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General elections were held in the Marshall Islands on 18 November 2019. [1] Opponents of President Hilda Heine won a majority of seats. [2]
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General elections were held in the Marshall Islands on 18 November 2019. [1] Opponents of President Hilda Heine won a majority of seats. [2]
The 2015 elections saw a significant defeat for the government of incumbent President Christopher Loeak, with five cabinet ministers losing their seats. [3] Following the elections, Casten Nemra was elected as president on 4 January 2016 by a margin of one vote. However, he was removed from office two weeks later by a vote of no confidence ending 21–12 in favour of dismissing him. On 27 January 2016 Hilda Heine was elected the country's first female president. [4] She narrowly survived a vote of no confidence on 12 November 2018; the vote was tied at 16–16 as one member of the Legislature was abroad for medical treatment. [5]
The 33 members of the Nitijeļā were elected in 19 single-member constituencies via first-past-the-post voting and five multi-member constituencies of between two and five seats via plurality block voting. [6]
Hilda Heine and Kitlang Kabua were the only two women elected, with Kabua becoming the youngest member ever of the legislature at age 28. [7]
| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ailinglaplap (2) | Christopher Loeak | 702 | Re-elected |
| Alfred Alfred, Jr | 516 | Re-elected | |
| Isaac Zackhras | 249 | ||
| Ailuk (1) | Maynard Alfred | 188 | Re-elected |
| Hackney Takju | 121 | ||
| Arno (2) | Jiba Kabua | 512 | Elected |
| Mike Halferty | 418 | Re-elected | |
| Arthur Jetton | 375 | ||
| Jejwarick Anton | 343 | Unseated | |
| Aur (1) | Hilda Heine | 292 | Re-elected |
| Justin Lani | 196 | ||
| Ebon (1) | John Silk | 276 | Re-elected |
| Neamon Neamon | 128 | ||
| Enewetak (1) | Jack Ading | 282 | Re-elected |
| Yoster John | 60 | ||
| Jabat (1) | Kessai Note | – | Re-elected unopposed |
| Jaluit (2) | Casten Nemra | 580 | Re-elected |
| Jemi Nashion | 446 | Elected | |
| Daisy Alik-Momotaro | 387 | Unseated | |
| Kili/Bikini/Ejit (1) | Peterson Jibas | 284 | Elected |
| Eldon Note | 204 | Unseated | |
| Kwajalein (3) | Michael Kabua | 1,217 | Re-elected |
| Kitlang Kabua | 931 | Elected | |
| David Paul | 817 | Re-elected | |
| Alvin Jacklick | 671 | Unseated | |
| Lae (1) | Thomas Heine | – | Re-elected unopposed |
| Lib (1) | Joe Bejang | 321 | Elected |
| Whitney Loeak | 44 | ||
| Likiep (1) | Donald Capelle | 318 | Elected |
| Tommy Kijiner, Jr. | 238 | ||
| Majuro (5) | Tony Muller | 1,607 | Re-elected |
| Stephen Phillip | 1,459 | Elected | |
| Sandy Alfred | 1,382 | Elected | |
| Kalani Kaneko | 1,379 | Re-elected | |
| Brenson Wase | 1,268 | Re-elected | |
| David Kramer | 1,242 | Unseated | |
| Yolanda Lodge-Ned | 1,225 | ||
| Maloelap (1) | Bruce Bilimon | 304 | Re-elected |
| Michael Konelios | 172 | ||
| Mejit (1) | Dennis Momotaro | 287 | Re-elected |
| Helkena Anni | 172 | ||
| Mili (1) | Wilbur Heine | 400 | Re-elected |
| Joniton Lometo | 200 | ||
| Namdrik (1) | Wisely Zackhras | 258 | Re-elected |
| Hebel Luther | 155 | ||
| Namu (1) | Tony Aiseia | 358 | Re-elected |
| Ace Doulatram | 326 | ||
| Rongelap (1) | Kenneth Kedi | 339 | Re-elected |
| Hilton Tonton Kendall | 287 | ||
| Ujae (1) | Atbi Riklon | 190 | Re-elected |
| Waylon Muller | 96 | ||
| Utrok (1) | Hiroshi Yamamura | 303 | Elected |
| Amenta Matthew | 257 | Unseated | |
| Wotho (1) | David Kabua | 120 | Re-elected |
| Samantha Samson | 30 | ||
| Wotje (1) | Ota Kisino | 294 | Elected |
| John Kaiko | 200 | ||
| Source: Info Marshall Islands | |||
Incumbent President Hilda Heine lost to David Kabua, son of the former and longest President Amata Kabua.
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David Kabua | Opposition | 20 | 62.50 | |
| Hilda Heine | Government | 12 | 37.50 | |
| Total | 32 | 100.00 | ||
| Total votes | 32 | – | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 33 | 96.97 | ||
Marshall Islands elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected for a four-year term by the parliament. The Legislature (Nitijela) has 33 members, elected for a four-year term in single-seat and five multi-seat constituencies. The legislature was last elected in 2023 without the participation of parties, though part of the members could be members of the United Democratic Party. The Marshall Islands is a state in which political parties have not been active.
Tuvalu elects a legislature on a national level. The Parliament of Tuvalu has 16 members, elected for a four-year term in 8 double-seat constituencies. Tuvalu is a de facto non-partisan democracy since it does not have political parties. The political system is based on personal alliances and loyalties derived from clan and family connections. It does tend to have both a distinct government and a distinct opposition. The 16 members of the current parliament are elected from eight two-seat constituencies via plurality block voting.
The Legislature of the Marshall Islands has 33 members, elected for a four-year term in nineteen single-seat and five multi-seat constituencies. The last election was November 20, 2023. Elections in the Marshall Islands are officially nonpartisan, but most members of the Nitijeļā are affiliated with one of the four active political parties in the Marshall Islands: Aelon Kein Ad (AKA), Kien Eo Am (KEA), United People's Party (UPP), and United Democratic Party (UDP).
The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution. Elections are held every four years in universal suffrage, with each of the 24 constituencies electing one or more representatives (senators) to the lower house of RMI's unicameral legislature, the Nitijela. The President, who is head of state as well as head of government, is elected by the 33 senators of the Nitijela. Four of the five Marshallese presidents who have been elected since the Constitution was adopted in 1979 have been traditional paramount chiefs.
Iroij Litokwa Tomeing was the President of the Marshall Islands from January 2008 until October 2009.
Ruben R. Zackhras was a Marshallese politician. He was acting President of the Marshall Islands from 21 October 2009 to 26 October 2009. He previously served as Minister of Finance from 1992 to 1998.
Iroijlaplap Jurelang Zedkaia was a Marshallese politician and Iroijlaplap. He served as the President of the Marshall Islands from 2009 to 2012. He was elected as the country's 5th head of state on October 26, 2009, following the ouster of his predecessor, Litokwa Tomeing, in the country's first successful vote of no confidence.
Parliamentary elections were held in Tuvalu on 16 September 2010. Voters elected fifteen members of the Parliament to a four-year term. All candidates were independents, as there are no political parties in the country. Ten out of the fifteen incumbent members were re-elected. The remaining five incumbents, including Deputy Prime Minister Tavau Teii, did not retain their seats. The incumbent Prime Minister, Apisai Ielemia, retained his seat in Vaitupu constituency. On 29 September, Maatia Toafa from Nanumea won eight of the fifteen votes to become Prime Minister.
Christopher Jorebon Loeak is a Marshallese politician who was the President of the Marshall Islands from 2012 to 2016. He was elected by parliament as President in January 2012, following the 2011 general election.
David Kabua is a Marshallese politician who served as President of the Marshall Islands from 2020 to 2024. He has represented Wotho Atoll in the Legislature of the Marshall Islands since 2008 and served terms as Minister of Health and Internal Affairs.
Hilda Cathy Heine is a Marshallese educator and politician. She has been serving as the president of the Marshall Islands since 2024, having previously served from 2016 to 2020. Heine was the first woman to lead any sovereign country in Micronesia and the first person from the Marshall Islands to earn a doctorate. Prior to entering politics, she worked as a teacher and counselor at Marshall Islands High School and then as a women's rights activist with her organization Women United Together Marshall Islands.
General elections were held in the Marshall Islands on 16 November 2015.
Casten Ned Nemra is a Marshallese politician who was President of the Marshall Islands for 17 days in January 2016. He was elected by the Nitijeļā (Parliament) as President in January 2016, following the 2015 general election, narrowly defeating Senator Alvin Jacklick, a seven-term member of Parliament, by a 17–16 vote. He was the youngest person to hold the job and the second commoner. He was ousted by a vote of no confidence after just two weeks in office by the opposition for jumping ship and joining Iroij Mike Kabua's Aelon Kein Ad party along with Senators Dennis Momotaro and Daisy-Alik Momotaro.
Kenneth A. Kedi is a Marshallese politician. He was Speaker of the Legislature of the Marshall Islands between 2016 and 2024, having been re-elected in 2020. Kedi is a member of the Kien Eo Ad (KEA) party.
Mattlan Zackhras was a Marshallese politician and government minister. He was a member of the Nitijeļā for Namdrik Atoll since 2004 and was serving as Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands under President Hilda Heine from January 2016 until his death.
Amenta Matthew is a Marshallese politician. She was a member of the Legislature of the Marshall Islands from 2007 to 2011 and from 2015 to 2019, representing the electorate of Utrik. She was Minister of Health under Presidents Litokwa Tomeing and Jurelang Zedkaia from 2008 to 2011 and Minister of Internal Affairs under Hilda Heine from 2016 to 2019. She was the second woman in the Marshall Islands to serve as a government minister.
Events in the year 2020 in the Marshall Islands.
Kitlang Kabua is a Marshallese politician. She was elected to the Legislature of the Marshall Islands (Nitijeļā) for Kwajalein in the 2019 Marshallese general election, receiving 931 votes. She was 28 at the time of her election, making her the youngest person ever elected to the Nitijeļā. Kabua and former President Hilda Heine were the only two women who obtained a seat. She subsequently was appointed Minister of Education, Sports and Training in the cabinet of her uncle President David Kabua. Kabua took her oath of office on 13 January 2020. The formal inauguration of the cabinet took place on 20 January.
General elections were held in the Marshall Islands on 20 November 2023, alongside a constitutional referendum.
| General elections | |
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| Constitutional Conventions | |
| Referendums | |
