2019 Mozambican general election

Last updated

2019 Mozambican general election
Flag of Mozambique.svg
←  2014 15 October 2019 (2019-10-15) 2024  →
Presidential election
Turnout51.84% (Increase2.svg 2.81pp)
  Filipe Nyusi, President, Republic of Mozambique - 2018 (40689535485) (cropped).jpg Ossufo Momade crop.jpg
Nominee Filipe Nyusi Ossufo Momade
Party FRELIMO RENAMO
Popular vote4,639,1721,356,786
Percentage73.46%21.48%
President before election

Filipe Nyusi
FRELIMO

Elected President

Filipe Nyusi
FRELIMO

Parliamentary election
All 250 seats in the Assembly of the Republic
126 seats needed for a majority
PartyLeaderVote %Seats+/–
FRELIMO Filipe Nyusi 71.28184+40
RENAMO Ossufo Momade 22.2860−29
MDM Daviz Simango 4.196−11
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Maps
Mozambican presidential election map, 2019.svg
Mozambican parliamentary election map, 2019.svg

General elections were held in Mozambique on 15 October 2019. [1] [2] [3] During the leadup to the elections, assassinations and significant intimidation of prominent leaders of opposition parties and election observers were alleged. [4] [5] In addition, state resources, media, and aid for cyclone victims were also alleged to be used in favour of the ruling party (FRELIMO) and its candidates. [6] [7] Local elections observers, civil society organizations, the Commonwealth Observer Group, the European Union Election Observation Mission, and several national and international entities classified the elections as rigged. [8] [9] [6] [7] [10] [11] [12] Nevertheless, the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO was declared re-elected with 73% of the vote. The main opposition party RENAMO as well as the other oppositions parties involved in the elections contested the results, claiming there were numerous irregularities, and accusing FRELIMO of "massive electoral fraud", including hundreds of thousands of "ghost voters". [13] As evidence for the international community, Ossufo Momade, the president of the main opposition party RENAMO, transported to Europe a box filled with vote ballots that had been marked in favor of the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO before the commencement of voting. [14] [15] [16] Despite these occurrences, the international community largely ignored any concerns of fraud, and gradually countries started recognizing the incumbent president Filipe Nyusi of FRELIMO as the winner of the elections. [17]

Contents

Electoral system

The President of Mozambique was elected using the two-round system. [18] The 250 members of the Assembly of the Republic were elected by proportional representation in eleven multi-member constituencies based on the country's provinces and on a first-past-the-post basis from two single-member constituencies representing Mozambican citizens in Africa and Europe. Seats in the multi-member constituencies were allocated using the D'Hondt method. [19]

Presidential candidates

On 16 January 2019 the main opposition party RENAMO held a congress at which Ossufo Momade was elected as the party's new leader and presidential candidate. [20] Momade had been the party's interim president following the death of Afonso Dhlakama in May 2018 and was seen as a "unifying leader" that could bring the political and military sector of RENAMO closer. [21]

The ruling FRELIMO held its congress on 6 May, at which it confirmed its decision to support the re-election of President Filipe Nyussi for a second and final term.

On 9 May and following a three-day congress, the Democratic Movement of Mozambique confirmed that its presidential candidate would be Daviz Simango, mayor of Beira since 2003. Simango was a presidential candidate in the two previous general elections. [22]

On 31 July the Constitutional Council approved four candidates; Nyussi, Momade, Simango and Mário Albino. Two candidates were disqualified; Hélder Mendoça and Alice Mabota. Mabota would have been the first woman to run for president, but failed to collect enough signatures. [23]

FRELIMO nominated Mércia Viriato Licá as one of their candidates. She was elected and became the youngest MP in the country's history. [24]

Results

President

CandidatePartyVotes%
Filipe Nyusi FRELIMO 4,639,17273.46
Ossufo Momade RENAMO 1,356,78621.48
Daviz Simango Democratic Movement of Mozambique 273,5994.33
Mário Albino Action Party of the United Movement for Integral Salvation46,0480.73
Total6,315,605100.00
Valid votes6,315,60592.55
Invalid/blank votes508,3217.45
Total votes6,823,926100.00
Registered voters/turnout13,162,32151.84
Source: EISA

Assembly

Mozambique Assembly of the Republic 2019.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
FRELIMO 4,323,29871.28184+40
RENAMO 1,351,65922.2860–29
Democratic Movement of Mozambique 254,2904.196–11
Action Party of the United Movement for Integral Salvation27,2770.450New
New Democracy25,0460.410New
Union for Change8,3470.1400
Optimist Party for the Development of Mozambique 6,7680.110New
National Reconciliation Party6,4690.1100
Patriotic Movement for Democracy5,8830.1000
Union for Reconciliation Party5,3990.0900
Greens Party of Mozambique 5,3610.0900
Labour Party5,1730.0900
National Party of the Mozambican People/CRD4,1430.070New
Youth Movement for the Restoration of Democracy4,0540.0700
National Movement for the Recovery of Mozambican Unity3,8200.0600
Electoral Union3,7690.0600
Mozambique People's Progress Party3,4310.0600
Social Renewal Party3,3650.0600
Ecological Party of Mozambique3,3130.050New
Party of Freedom and Development2,8680.0500
Democratic Unity2,7200.040New
Ecological Party–Land Movement2,5790.0400
Democratic Justice Party of Mozambique2,0360.030New
Social Broadening Party of Mozambique2,0060.0300
National Workers and Peasants Party1,7830.0300
Democratic Union of Mozambique6640.010New
Total6,065,521100.002500
Valid votes6,065,52189.64
Invalid/blank votes700,89510.36
Total votes6,766,416100.00
Registered voters/turnout13,162,32151.41
Source: STAE

Provincial elections

ProvinceSeats
FRELIMO RENAMO MDM
Cabo Delgado Province 66160
Gaza Province 8110
Inhambane Province 5460
Manica Province 63170
Maputo Province 61182
Nampula Province 63310
Niassa Province 46140
Sofala Province 60138
Tete Province 65170
Zambezia Province 69230
Total62815610
Source: STAE

Related Research Articles

Mozambique was a Portuguese colony, overseas province and later a member state of Portugal. It gained independence from Portugal in 1975.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Politics of Mozambique</span>

Politics in Mozambique takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Mozambique is head of state and head of government in a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Assembly of the Republic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FRELIMO</span> Ruling party of Mozambique since 1977

FRELIMO is a democratic socialist political party in Mozambique. It has governed the country since its independence from Portugal in 1975.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RENAMO</span> Mozambican political party

RENAMO is a Mozambican political party and militant group. The party was founded with the active sponsorship of the Rhodesian Central Intelligence Organisation (CIO) in May 1977 from anti-communist dissidents opposed to Mozambique's ruling FRELIMO party. RENAMO was initially led by André Matsangaissa, a former senior official in FRELIMO's armed wing, and was composed of several anti-communist dissident groups which appeared immediately prior to, and shortly following, Mozambican independence. Matsangaissa, who died in 1979, was succeeded by Afonso Dhlakama, who led the organization until he died in 2018. He was succeeded by Ossufo Momade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afonso Dhlakama</span> Mozambican politician (1953–2018)

Afonso Marceta Macacho Dhlakama was a Mozambican politician and the leader of RENAMO, an anti-communist guerrilla movement that fought the FRELIMO government in the Mozambican Civil War before signing a peace agreement and becoming an opposition political party in the early 1990s. Dhlakama was born in Mangunde, Sofala Province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Verónica Macamo</span> Mozambican politician (born 1957)

Verónica Nataniel Macamo Dlhovo is a Mozambican politician who has served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs since 2020. She served as the President of the Assembly of the Republic of Mozambique from 2010 to 2020. Dlhovo is a member of Frelimo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Filipe Nyusi</span> President of Mozambique since 2015

Filipe Jacinto Nyusi is a Mozambican politician serving since 2015 as the fourth president of Mozambique. He is the current leader of FRELIMO, the party that has governed Mozambique since its independence from Portugal in 1975. Additionally, he has served as the Chairman of the Southern African Development Community since August 2020. During his time in office, President Nyusi has promoted peace and security, and signed multiple agreements with the main opposition parties, RENAMO, to bring a definitive and lasting peace to Mozambique.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2009 Mozambican general election</span>

General elections to elect the president, Assembly of the Republic, and Provincial Assemblies was held in Mozambique on 28 October 2009. Incumbent President Armando Guebuza ran for re-election as the FRELIMO candidate; he was challenged by opposition leader Afonso Dhlakama, who had stood as the RENAMO candidate in every presidential election since 1994. Also standing were Daviz Simango, the Mayor of Beira, who was a RENAMO member before founding his own party, the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM), earlier in 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Democratic Movement of Mozambique</span> Political party in Mozambique

The Democratic Movement of Mozambique is a political party in Mozambique. Founded on 6 March 2009, it was led by Daviz Simango, who was the Mayor of Beira. It formed after breaking with RENAMO, the main opposition party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daviz Simango</span> Mayor of Beira, Mozambique, from 2003 to 2021

Daviz Mbepo Simango was a Mozambican politician who was Mayor of Beira from 2003 to the day of his death in February 2021. He was also the President of the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM). He was son of Uria Timoteo Simango the first Vice-President of FRELIMO and Celina Tapua Simango. He joined the main opposition party RENAMO in 1997 and became Mayor of Beira in 2003 as its candidate. On March 6, 2009, he founded a new party, the Movimento Democrático de Moçambique, or MDM.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 Mozambican general election</span>

General elections were held in Mozambique on 15 October 2014. Filipe Nyusi, the candidate of the ruling FRELIMO, was elected president, and FRELIMO retained its parliamentary majority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RENAMO insurgency (2013–2021)</span> Guerrilla war in Mozambique

The RENAMO insurgency was a guerrilla campaign by militants of the RENAMO party and one of its splinter factions in Mozambique. The insurgency was widely considered to be an aftershock of the Mozambican Civil War; it resulted in renewed tensions between RENAMO and Mozambique's ruling FRELIMO coalition over charges of state corruption and the disputed results of the 2014 general elections.

Gilles Cistac was a French-Mozambican lawyer specialised in constitutional law. He was shot and killed and political motives were suspected. The RENAMO party organised protests.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ossufo Momade</span> Mozambican politician (born 1961)

Ossufo Momade is a Mozambican politician. He has served as president of the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO), the main opposition party of Mozambique, since January 17, 2019. He assumed the presidency of the party after the death of its leader Afonso Dhlakama in May 2018 on an interim basis until he was elected president of the party at an internal congress held at the beginning of the following year. On August 1, 2019, Momade agreed to renounce violence and signed a peace agreement with Mozambique President Filipe Nyusi at RENAMO's remote military base in the Gorongosa mountains. This agreement resulted in the last remaining members of the RENAMO insurgency surrendering their weapons. A second signing ceremony then took place in Mapotu's Peace Square, which result in Momade declaring that he and members of RENAMO would now focus on "maintaining peace and national reconciliation."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mário Albino</span> Mozambican politician

Mário Albino is a Mozambican politician who ran for mayor of Nampula in 2018 and for president in 2019.

The Maputo Accord, officially the Maputo Accord for Peace and National Reconciliation, is a peace agreement between the Government of Mozambique and Renamo, signed on 6 August 2019, with the aim of bringing definitive peace to Mozambique. The agreement was signed by the President of the Republic of Mozambique, Filipe Nyusi, and the leader of Renamo, Ossufo Momade, in Maputo, and was the result of years of negotiations. It was preceded by the signing of the Agreement on the Definitive Cessation of Military Hostilities, on 1 August 2019, in Gorongosa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2024 Mozambican general election</span>

General elections were held in Mozambique on 9 October 2024 to elect the president, the 250 members of the Assembly of the Republic and members of the ten provincial assemblies.

The 2023 Mozambican local elections were held on 11 October 2023 to elect mayors and municipal councils across the country. The results published initially by the National Election Commission (CNE) had FRELIMO winning 64 of the 65 municipalities contested, with the only city won by another party being Beira, which was won by the Democratic Movement of Mozambique. Tensions rose prior to the elections, with the police arresting members of the opposition in several cities. On October 27, after the provisional election results came out, protests broke out in several major cities such as Nampula and Maputo in reaction to alleged fraud in the election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Venâncio Mondlane</span> Mozambican politician

Venâncio António Bila Mondlane is a Mozambican engineer and politician. In the 2024 presidential election, Mondlane ran for President of Mozambique as a member of the PODEMOS party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Optimist Party for the Development of Mozambique</span> Political party in Mozambique

The Optimist Party for the Development of Mozambique is a Mozambican political party of the democratic socialist ideology founded on 7 May 2019 by a sector of the ruling Mozambican Liberation Front (FRELIMO) dissident from the leadership headed by President Filipe Nyusi.

References

  1. ↑ "Africa Top10 News". Africa. 15 October 2019. Archived from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
  2. ↑ "UPDATE 5-Mozambique president urges peace, opposition warns against fraud as votes counted".
  3. ↑ "Mozambique sets October 2019 for general elections". News24. 11 April 2018.
  4. ↑ "Mozambique election observer killed by 'elite police' in drive-by shooting". BBC News. 10 October 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  5. ↑ "Eleições moçambicanas marcadas por "irregularidades" de fraude e intimidação, dizem EUA". SAPO Notícias (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 29 August 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  6. 1 2 "Mozambique presidential, National & Provincial Assembly Elections 15 October 2019" (PDF). The Commonwealth. 2020.
  7. 1 2 "European Union Election Observation Mission Mozambique 2009 Final Report, General and Provincial Elections 15 October 2019" (PDF). European Union. 2020.
  8. ↑ "ONG moçambicana acusa órgão eleitoral de manipulação do recenseamento". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  9. ↑ "Isis is not driving the Cabo Delgado war". New Frame. 24 August 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  10. ↑ "Governo de Moçambique não soube reagir ao alerta de desastre do Ciclone Idai". Brasil de Fato (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  11. ↑ "Moçambique: Após pleito marcado por denúncias de fraude, apuração pode durar 15 dias". RFI (in Brazilian Portuguese). 16 October 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  12. ↑ "Eleições moçambicanas marcadas por "irregularidades" de fraude e intimidação, dizem EUA". SAPO Notícias (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 29 August 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  13. ↑ "Mozambique opposition files suit against "massive electoral fraud"". France24. 30 October 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
  14. ↑ "Na Europa, Ossufo Momade busca apoio para contestar resultados das eleições moçambicanas". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  15. ↑ "Gerais: Momade mostra evidências de fraude e avisa "é isto que provocou as hostilidades militares"". Zambeze (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  16. ↑ "Ossufo pede "socorro" na Europa". Carta de Moçambique (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  17. ↑ "França reconhece vitória de Nyusi apesar das "irregularidades e más práticas" detectadas pelos observadores europeus". Verdade. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  18. ↑ "Republic of Mozambique: Election for President (President)". IFES Election Guide.
  19. ↑ "Electoral system". Inter-Parliamentary Union.
  20. ↑ "Ossufo Momade eleito presidente no final congresso da RENAMO". Deutsche Welle. 17 January 2019.
  21. ↑ "RENAMO depois de Dhlakama: Coesão ou cisões?". Deutsche Welle. 14 May 2018.
  22. ↑ "Terceiro maior partido moçambicano confirma Daviz Simango como candidato presidencial". Observador. 9 May 2019.
  23. ↑ Dércio Tsandzana (13 August 2019). "Who are the presidential candidates in Mozambique's October elections?". Global Voices. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
  24. ↑ "Newly elected Mozambican MP who lacks upper limbs plans to focus on education". Global Voices. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.