Related Research Articles
Vigipirate is France's national security alert system. Created in 1978 through interministerial sessions and falling within the responsibilities of the prime minister, it has since been updated three times: in 1995, 2000 and 2004.
Charlie Hebdo is a French satirical weekly magazine, featuring cartoons, reports, polemics, and jokes. The publication has been described as anti-racist, sceptical, secular, libertarian and within the tradition of left-wing radicalism, publishing articles about the far-right, religion, politics and culture.
On 7 January 2015, at about 11:30 a.m. in Paris, France, the employees of the French satirical weekly magazine Charlie Hebdo were targeted in a shooting attack by two French-born Algerian Muslim brothers, Saïd Kouachi and Chérif Kouachi. Armed with rifles and other weapons, the duo murdered 12 people and injured 11 others; they identified themselves as members of al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, which claimed responsibility for the attack. They fled after the shooting, triggering a manhunt, and were killed by the GIGN on 9 January. The Kouachi brothers' attack was followed by several related Islamist terrorist attacks across the Île-de-France between 7 and 9 January 2015, including the Hypercacher kosher supermarket siege, in which a French-born Malian Muslim took hostages and murdered four people before being killed by French commandos.
From 7 to 9 January 2015, terrorist attacks occurred across the Île-de-France region, particularly in Paris. Three attackers killed a total of 17 people in four shooting attacks, and police then killed the three assailants. The attacks also wounded 22 other people. A fifth shooting attack did not result in any fatalities. Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) claimed responsibility and said that the coordinated attacks had been planned for years. The claim of responsibility for the deadly attack on the magazine came in a video showing AQAP commander Nasr Ibn Ali al-Ansi, with gunmen in the background that were later identified as the Kouachi brothers. However, while authorities say the video is authentic, there is no proof that AQAP helped to carry out the attacks. Amedy Coulibaly, who committed another leg of the attacks claimed that he belonged to ISIS before he died.
Richard Malka is a French lawyer, comics writer and novelist. As lawyer Malka in 2007 successfully defended Charlie Hebdo editor Philippe Val against charges of racism following the magazine's publication of Mohammad caricatures. Other clients include Clearstream, Dominique Strauss-Kahn and Caroline Fourest.
Charlie Hebdo issue No. 1011 is an issue of the French satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo published on 2 November 2011. Several attacks against Charlie Hebdo, including an arson attack at its headquarters, were motivated by the issue's cover caricature of Muhammad, whose depiction is prohibited in some interpretations of Islam. The issue's subtitle Charia Hebdo references Islamic sharia law.
Peter Cherif, also known as Abu Hamza, is a French Islamic militant who has been a member of Al-Qaeda in Iraq and Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. He is also believed to have assisted the planning of the Charlie Hebdo shooting.
Islamic terrorism in Europe has been carried out by the Islamic State (ISIL) or Al-Qaeda as well as Islamist lone wolves since the late 20th century. Europol, which releases the annual EU Terrorism Situation and Trend report (TE-SAT), used the term "Islamist terrorism" in the years 2006–2010, "religiously inspired terrorism" 2011–2014, and has used "jihadist terrorism" since 2015. Europol defines jihadism as "a violent ideology exploiting traditional Islamic concepts".
On 6 August 2016, a man attacked two policewomen with a machete in Charleroi, Belgium, before being shot dead by another police officer.
On 5 October 2016, three police officers were attacked by a man wielding a machete in the Schaerbeek municipality of Brussels, Belgium. Two of them suffered stab wounds, while the third was physically assaulted but otherwise uninjured. The suspected assailant, a Belgian citizen named Hicham Diop, was apprehended and charged with attempted terrorism-related murder and participating in a terrorist group.
On 23 March 2018, an Islamic terrorist carried out three attacks in the town of Carcassonne and nearby village of Trèbes in the Aude department in southwestern France, killing three people and injuring fifteen.
The 2018 Brussels stabbing attack occurred on 20 November 2018 when a man wielding two knives attacked police officers outside a police station adjacent to the Grand-Place/Grote Markt in Brussels, Belgium. A police officer was wounded and the attacker was shot and injured by the police. Both the attacker and a wounded officer were hospitalized with non life-threatening injuries. An investigation for possible links to terrorism is underway. Jan Jambon, Belgium's Minister of the Interior and Security, said the suspect had been interned and recently freed.
On 3 October 2019, a police employee at the Paris police headquarters stabbed four of his colleagues to death and injured two others. He was shot dead by police at the scene.
In late morning on 4 April 2020, a knife attack occurred in Romans-sur-Isère, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France, resulting in the death of two people and the wounding of five others. The attacker, Abdallah Ahmed-Osman, a 33-year old Sudanese refugee, was charged with terrorist crimes.
On 16 October 2020, Samuel Paty, a French secondary school teacher, was killed and beheaded in Éragny-sur-Oise, a suburb of Paris, France, by an Islamist terrorist.
On the morning of 29 October 2020, three people were killed in a stabbing attack at Notre-Dame de Nice, a Roman Catholic basilica in Nice, France. The alleged attacker, Tunisian man Brahim Aouissaoui, was shot by the police and taken into custody. Both French President Emmanuel Macron and the mayor of Nice, Christian Estrosi, said it was a terrorist attack attributed to Islamic extremism.
Jean-François Ricard is a French magistrate, and since 25 June 2019 the first prosecutor of the National Terrorism Prosecution Office a parquet for the prosecution of terrorism in France.
On 23 December 2022, a mass shooting occurred at three Kurdish locations in the 10th arrondissement of Paris, France. Three people were killed, and three others were wounded in and around a Kurdish cultural center on Rue d'Enghien.
References
- ↑ "French police detain main suspect in 'symbolic' attack outside Charlie Hebdo's former office". France 24. 25 September 2020.
- ↑ "Paris: Knife attack near former Charlie Hebdo office 'clearly' act of terrorism | DW | 25.09.2020". Deutsche Welle.
- ↑ Méheut, Constant (26 September 2020). "Paris Attack Suspect Said It Was Aimed at Paper That Mocked Islam's Prophet". New York Times.
- ↑ "Seven detained after knife attack near ex-Charlie Hebdo offices". BBC News. 26 September 2020.
- 1 2 "Attaque à Paris : l'assaillant a reconnu être âgé de 25 ans et non 18". Le Figaro.fr (in French). 29 September 2020. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ↑ "ATTAQUE À PARIS : ZAHEER HASSAN MAHMOUD MIS EN EXAMEN ET ÉCROUÉ POUR «TENTATIVES D'ASSASSINATS» TERRORISTES". C News France (in French). AFP. 30 September 2020. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
...a été présenté à un juge d'instruction qui l'a mis en examen pour "tentatives d'assassinats en relation avec une entreprise terroriste"
- ↑ "Suspected Paris knife attacker to be charged with attempted murder". euronews. 29 September 2020.
- ↑ "Attaque au couteau à Paris : le profil du suspect, Hassan Mahmoud, se précise". L'Internaute (in French). 29 September 2020. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
Le principal suspect, Zaheer Hassan Mahmoud, a reconnu avoir attaqué deux personnes dans la rue, pour des motifs religieux. [The main suspect, Zaheer Hassan Mahmoud, admitted to attacking two people in the street, on religious grounds.]
- 1 2 "Before attack, a Pakistani teen sought better life in France". AP NEWS. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- ↑ "Before attack, a Pakistani teen sought better life in France". AP NEWS. 8 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- ↑ "Attaque devant les ex-locaux de Charlie Hebdo : quatre interpellations dont deux en Gironde". SudOuest.fr (in French). Retrieved 31 December 2020.
