2023 Medieval Times strike

Last updated

2023 Medieval Times strike
DateFebruary 11 – November 22, 2023
(9 months, 1 week and 4 days)
Location
Buena Park, California, United States
Caused byLow pay and concerns from performers over staffing levels and security
Goals
  • Increased pay
  • Improved staffing
  • Increased security
Methods
Resulted inEmployees returned to work without labor contract; union later decertified
Parties

American Guild of Variety Artists

  • Medieval Times Performers United

On February 11, 2023, unionized performers at the Medieval Times location in Buena Park, California, initiated a strike action by performing a walkout and picketing outside of the establishment. The strike lasted for over nine months before the employees returned to work on November 22, without a labor contract in place.

Contents

Starting in 2022, performers who worked for Medieval Times, an American dinner theater company, began to organize as "Medieval Times Performers United", with the American Guild of Variety Artists representing the workers. By the end of the year, workers at the Buena Park and Lyndhurst, New Jersey, locations had unionized and began negotiating with the company over a labor contract, with the main concerns of the employees being low pay, low staffing levels, and improved security. However, the negotiations were fruitless, and in February of the following year, about half of the 50 union members in Buena Park went on strike.

Over the next several months, the strikers held a picket line in the parking lot outside of the location and engaged in sporadic discussions with company management. However, by June, many of the strikers had taken on second jobs to support themselves, and picket line attendance had declined significantly. The last discussions between the company and union were in September, and in November, with no substantial progress made, the union agreed to return to work without a contract. Following this, several employees at both unionized locations began to express anti-union sentiments and worked with the National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation to decertify the union. On March 13, 2024, the union announced that they would not be representing Medieval Times workers.

Background

Medieval Times performers at the Toronto location in 2014 Toronto Medieval Times BRK3536 (15972172532).jpg
Medieval Times performers at the Toronto location in 2014

Medieval Times Dinner and Tournament is a Texas-based company that operates several Middle Ages-themed dinner theaters across North America, [1] including nine locations in the United States and one in Canada as of 2022. [2] [3] The theaters host daily dinner shows that last for two hours and feature actors portraying medieval stock characters, such as knights and squires, participating in jousting and sword fighting, among other scripted games of skill. [1] According to HuffPost , the role of the actors is tantamount to that of a stunt performer, and in many cases, the actors participate in two to three performances daily. [2] At the Buena Park, California, location, some performers worked six-day weeks, participating in between 16 and 21 shows per week. [4] [5]

Unionization in Lyndhurst and Buena Park locations

In June 2022, an organization of employees at the Lyndhurst, New Jersey, location known as Medieval Times Performers United announced that they had collected enough signatures from the roughly 40 workers employed as actors, grooms, and stunt performers, to hold a vote on unionization, which they planned to hold on July 15. [1] [2] In a statement, the group stated that they would be organizing with the American Guild of Variety Artists (AGVA), a labor union affiliated with the AFL-CIO that represents workers in live performances, including the Rockettes and performers at Disneyland. [1] According to the organizers, safety concerns and low pay were the two biggest driving factors in the push to unionize. [2] In interviews with HuffPost, employees at the Lyndhurst location said that many new hires are paid around the New Jersey minimum wage of $13 per hour and have to work for several years before their pay is raised to around $20 per hour. [2] Additionally, employees have stated that lower staffing levels caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have led to reduced security at performances. [2] This union drive coincided with a number of high-profile labor organizing drives in the United States that involved companies such as Amazon and Starbucks, among others, [3] and was the first at the Lyndhurst location since a 2006 failed effort by the Actors' Equity Association and the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees. [2]

The Medieval Times location in Lyndhurst, New Jersey, 2018 Lyndhurst NJ Medieval Times exterior.jpg
The Medieval Times location in Lyndhurst, New Jersey, 2018

In response to the unionizing efforts, the company employed an antiunion consultant and, according to several employees, held meetings with Lyndhurst employees where they expressed opposition to the unionization. [2] Additionally, the employees leading the union drive said that Perico Montaner, the company's founder and chief executive officer, had met with them to privately discuss the issues they were raising. [2] Additionally, Montaner announced a pay raise for Medieval Times performers at other locations, [3] which he said was not due to the organizing efforts, but was instead the company's efforts to help employees adjust to increased inflation. [6] On July 15, in an election overseen by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), the Lyndhurst workers voted 26 to 11 in favor of organizing, [7] [8] becoming the first unionized workforce at Medieval Times. [9]

By the following week, HuffPost reported that workers at the Buena Park location had also gathered enough signatures to hold a union vote, [6] with workers at this location also citing low pay and concerns over safety and staffing levels as their main reasons for organizing. [10] [3] In October, Medieval Times announced that they were filing a lawsuit against Medieval Times Performers United, alleging copyright infringement in the union's branding. [11] Because of this, the union's TikTok account was banned. [12] [5] The union responded by filing an unfair labor practice charge with the NLRB, calling the company's actions "unlawful thuggery". [3] The following year, a federal judge would rule in favor of the union, allowing them to use the "Medieval Times" name in their branding. [13] That same month, the San Gabriel Valley Tribune published an article discussing a divide between employees at the Buena Park location over the issue of unionizing, with several employees who would be in the union's bargaining unit petitioning the AGVA to remove their request for a union election with the NLRB. [14] Despite this, on November 10, the Buena Park workers voted 27 to 18 in favor of unionizing with the AGVA. [3]

Negotiations

Beginning December 2022, the union and company entered into negotiations regarding wages. [5] According to a union representative, while employees at non-union establishments had been guaranteed at least a 20 percent wage increase, the company proposed wage increases of between 2 and 8 percent for many of the union members, with no wage increases for trumpeters. [15] According to the union, their counterproposal would have seen all union members' wages increased to the living wage for Orange County, California, equivalent to $23.66 per hour. [15] At the time, the highest-paid non-manager performer at the location made $28.50 per hour and had been working at the location for 12 years. [15] According to a company representative, the two sides engaged in two rounds of negotiations. [16] [17]

Course of the strike

On Saturday, February 11, 2023, approximately half of the roughly 50 members of the Buena Park's bargaining unit performed a walkout before the second performance of the day and began picketing outside of the building, commencing a strike action. [5] In addition to the strikers, several non-union employees in other departments picketed in solidarity with the performers, [15] and an inflatable rat was set up in the parking lot. [18] In total, roughly 150 employees at the location were in departments that were not unionized, [19] and the company was able to put on the second show by involving employees from these other departments. [17] Despite this, some patrons requested a refund. [15] In order to help with strike funds, the union members set up a GoFundMe account, generating several thousand dollars in donations by February 13, [17] and additionally, the strike was supported by the Orange County Labor Federation. [19] Following the walkout, the union said that the company flew in performers from the nearest other location in Scottsdale, Arizona, in order to keep the performances going as scheduled. [15]

Cory Booker (48199535997) (cropped).jpg
Tase of Hawaii IMG 7302 (48079301318).jpg
In May 2023, U.S. senators Cory Booker and Bob Menendez of New Jersey (both pictured 2019) wrote a letter to Medieval Times urging the company to negotiate in good faith with the unionized employees.

In May, United States senators Cory Booker and Bob Menendez of New Jersey wrote a letter to Medieval Times urging the company to negotiate in good faith with the two unionized locations. [20] By the following month, with the strike entering its fourth month, many of the striking employees had sought out part-time jobs in order to supplement their incomes, and the union had reduced the number of weekly picketing days from six to five. [21] Additionally, a significant number of the location's bargaining unit members had remained at work, opting to not participate in the strike. [21] On June 4, the union held a 1980s-themed rally outside the location in an attempt to revive support for the workers. [21] By September, picketing had been reduced to weekends-only, with about five to ten strikers at a time on the picket line. [22] On September 13, union and company representatives held a virtual meeting to further discuss issues, but the strike continued through the end of the month, and on October 1, actors who were engaged in the 2023 SAG-AFTRA strike picketed alongside the performers at the Medieval Times location. [22]

By November, the September 13 meeting was the last between the two sides, with the San Gabriel Valley Tribune reporting that the two sides had made no progress in negotiations since the strike had first started. [23] By this time, as little as two strikers continued with picketing outside of the location. [24] On November 17, the union agreed to what it called an "unconditional offer to return to work" without a labor contract, with their members to begin working again on November 22. [25] [26] While Medieval Times stated that they would not be rehiring three strikers for their conduct during the strike, the union stated that they would be pursuing legal action to reinstate them. [25]

Aftermath

On November 30, the editorial board of the San Gabriel Valley Tribune published an opinion piece stating that one employee at the Buena Park location had filed a petition with the NLRB, with the assistance of the National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation (NRTW), requesting that the AGVA be removed as the collective bargaining agent for the Medieval Times workers. [27] By the following year, HuffPost reported that the foundation was working at both unionized locations and that, in New Jersey, a majority of employees had signed a petition seeking to keep the location an "open shop", where union dues would not be required. [28] Speaking of the backlash, NRTW president Mark Nix commented that "AGVA union officials treated each Medieval Times castle as their own personal fiefdom, but their actions led to an uprising of the rank-and-file they purported to represent". [29] [30] On March 13, 2024, the AGVA stated that they had decided to decline representing Medieval Times employees. [28] [31] In a statement released by union officials, the AGVA stated that, "Without the original support we started with, combined with circumstances beyond our control, it became impossible to continue" with the union drive. [32]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Disney animators' strike</span> 1941 organized labor action

The Disney animators' strike was a 1941 American film industry work stoppage where unionized employees of Walt Disney Productions picketed and disrupted film production for just under four months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UNITE HERE</span> Labor union in the United States and Canada

UNITE HERE is a labor union in the United States and Canada with roughly 300,000 active members. The union's members work predominantly in the hotel, food service, laundry, warehouse, and casino gaming industries. The union was formed in 2004 by the merger of Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees (UNITE) and Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union (HERE).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Medieval Times</span> Family dinner theater

Medieval Times Dinner and Tournament is an American dinner theater featuring staged medieval-style games, sword-fighting, and jousting. Medieval Times Entertainment, the holding company, is headquartered in Irving, Texas.

New Seasons Market is a chain of neighborhood grocery stores operating in the Portland, Oregon metro area, and southwestern Washington. Some of the products offered are organic and produced locally in the Pacific Northwest, but conventional groceries are also sold.

The American Guild of Variety Artists (AGVA) is an American entertainment union representing performers in variety entertainment, including circuses, Las Vegas showrooms and cabarets, comedy showcases, dance revues, magic shows, theme park shows, and arena and auditorium extravaganzas. There is some overlap between the jurisdictions of AGVA and Actors' Equity.

The Southern California supermarket strike of 2003–2004 was a strike by the United Food and Commercial Workers union (UFCW) against four supermarket chains in Southern California. Management and the unions arrived at a contract after twenty weeks, with both sides claiming victory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of union busting in the United States</span> Aspect of U.S. history

The history of union busting in the United States dates back to the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution produced a rapid expansion in factories and manufacturing capabilities. As workers moved from farms to factories, mines and other hard labor, they faced harsh working conditions such as long hours, low pay and health risks. Children and women worked in factories and generally received lower pay than men. The government did little to limit these conditions. Labor movements in the industrialized world developed and lobbied for better rights and safer conditions. Shaped by wars, depressions, government policies, judicial rulings, and global competition, the early years of the battleground between unions and management were adversarial and often identified with aggressive hostility. Contemporary opposition to trade unions known as union busting started in the 1940s, and continues to present challenges to the labor movement. Union busting is a term used by labor organizations and trade unions to describe the activities that may be undertaken by employers, their proxies, workers and in certain instances states and governments usually triggered by events such as picketing, card check, worker organizing, and strike actions. Labor legislation has changed the nature of union busting, as well as the organizing tactics that labor organizations commonly use.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SAG-AFTRA</span> American media labor union

The Screen Actors Guild - American Federation of Television and Radio Artists is an American labor union formed in 2012 by the merger of the Screen Actors Guild and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. It represents approximately 160,000 media professionals worldwide. SAG-AFTRA is a member of the AFL-CIO, the largest federation of unions in the United States. SAG-AFTRA is also a member of the International Federation of Actors.

The Harvard Graduate Students Union (HGSU), officially known as Harvard Graduate Students Union United Auto Workers (HGSU-UAW), is a labor union representing graduate students, teaching assistants, and other student employees at Harvard University. The bargaining unit comprises about 5,000 student employees, including graduate students working as research assistants and teaching fellows as well as several hundred undergraduate students holding teaching positions. Contract negotiations with the university are scheduled to begin in Fall 2018. HGSU is affiliated with the United Auto Workers labor union, whose 400,000 members include 45,000 graduate students and 30,000 academic workers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amazon worker organization</span> Collective worker action at the American e-commerce company

Some warehouse workers of Amazon, the largest American e-commerce retailer with 750,000 employees, have organized for workplace improvements in light of the company's scrutinized labor practices and stance against unions. Worker actions have included work stoppages and have won concessions including increased pay, safety precautions, and time off. There are unionized Amazon workers in both the United States and Europe.

The New York Times Guild is the union of New York Times editorial, media, and tech professional workers, represented by NewsGuild since 1940. As of March 2022, the Times Tech Guild, is the largest tech union with collective bargaining rights in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Apple Inc. and unions</span> Apple Inc.-related worker organizations and unions

Apple Inc. workers around the globe have been involved in organizing since the 1990s. Apple unions are made up of retail, corporate, and outsourced workers. Apple employees have joined trade unions and or formed works councils in Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volkswagen and unions</span> Collective worker action at the German auto firm Volkswagen

Workers of the German auto manufacturer Volkswagen Group are collectively organized and represented by unions and Works Councils across the globe. Workers are organized on multiple levels; locally, regionally, nationally, internationally and by marque.

The 1985 Pan Am strike was a labor strike involving several thousand workers, all members of the Transport Workers Union of America (TWU), at Pan American World Airways. The strike began on February 28 and ended one month later on March 28. It involved roughly 19,000 workers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 Kellogg's strike</span> 2021 labor strike by employees of the food manufacturer Kelloggs

The 2021 Kellogg's strike was a labor strike started on October 5, 2021, and ended December 21, 2021, involving about 1,400 workers for food manufacturer Kellogg's, unionized as members of the Bakery, Confectionery, Tobacco Workers and Grain Millers' International Union (BCTGM). The strike was caused due to disagreements between the union and company concerning the terms of a new labor contract, with particular points of contention concerning the current two-tier wage system, health care, holidays, retirement benefits, cost-of-living adjustments, and vacation time. The strike affected all of Kellogg's cereal-producing plants in the United States, consisting of plants in Battle Creek, Michigan; Omaha, Nebraska; Lancaster, Pennsylvania; and Memphis, Tennessee. It is one of several strikes conducted by the BCTGM in 2021, including strike action against Frito-Lay and Nabisco.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amazon Labor Union</span> American labor union for Amazon workers

The Amazon Labor Union (ALU) is a labor union specifically for Amazon workers, created on April 20, 2021. On April 1, 2022, the Amazon workers at a warehouse in Staten Island, JFK8, backed by the ALU became the first unionized Amazon workers recognized by the National Labor Relations Board. In June 2024 the union became affiliated with Teamsters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Starbucks unions</span> Unionization efforts at the multinational coffee shop chain

As of October 2024, over 11,000 workers at 500 Starbucks stores in at least 40 states in the United States have voted to unionize, primarily with Workers United. Workers United and Starbucks have been engaged in negotiations over a national collective bargaining agreement since February 2024. This unionization effort started at a store in Buffalo, New York. About a third of Starbucks' Chilean workforce is already unionized, as well as 450 workers in New Zealand and eight stores in Canada. The longest Starbucks strike lasted 64 days, took place in Brookline, Massachusetts in September 2022 and resulted in the unionization of the employees at that location.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tesla and unions</span> Labor relations of the American car company

Tesla, Inc. is an American electric car manufacturer which employs over 140,000 workers across its global operations as of January 2024, almost none of which are unionized. Tesla CEO Elon Musk has commented negatively on trade unions in relation to Tesla. Despite allegations of high injury rates, long hours, and below-industry pay, efforts to unionize the workforce have been largely unsuccessful. There are active labor disputes with Tesla in the United States, Germany and Sweden.

ABK Workers Alliance is a group of organized workers from video game company Activision Blizzard. Formed in response to a July 2021 state lawsuit against the company for harassment and discriminatory work practices, the worker advocacy group A Better ABK organized walkouts and demonstrations against the company's policy and practices. The quality assurance workers of subsidiary Raven Software went on strike in December after part of the team was fired. The striking workers announced their union as the Game Workers Alliance in late January 2022 and offered to end the strike pending their union's recognition.

Starting in 2022, workers from several Trader Joe's grocery stores have voted on whether to unionize. A store in Hadley, Massachusetts, became the first to unionize and created Trader Joe's United, an independent union unaffiliated with national unions. Stores in Minneapolis, Louisville, and Oakland joined them. Other workers have organized with the United Food and Commercial Workers. Trader Joe's, a chain with over 500 locations and over 50,000 employees, is known for its neighborhood store vibe and over-the-top customer service, which has sometimes clashed with its working conditions. Corporate management has a history of resisting staff unionization efforts. Driven by COVID-19 pandemic working conditions, American service sector organization increased, and Trader Joe's worker concerns over safety, pay, and benefits contributed to their union drive.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 McCausland, Phil (June 29, 2022). "Medieval Times theater plans union vote over pay and safety concerns". NBC News . Archived from the original on August 18, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Jamieson, Dave (June 28, 2022). "Medieval Times Workers Will Vote on Forming the Company's First Union". HuffPost . BuzzFeed. Archived from the original on April 1, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Jamieson, Dave (November 10, 2022). "Medieval Times Union Wins Vote at California Castle". HuffPost . BuzzFeed. Archived from the original on April 1, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  4. ↑ Norris, Chris (February 14, 2023). "OC Medieval Times in Bad Decline as Kings, Queens, Knaves Strike". Los Angeles . ISSN   1522-9149. OCLC   60618447 . Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Maruf, Ramishah (February 12, 2023). "Knights, squires, queens go on strike at California Medieval Times". CNN . Contributions from Natasha Chen. Archived from the original on March 30, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  6. 1 2 Jamieson, Dave (July 22, 2022). "Medieval Times Workers Move to Unionize Another Castle". HuffPost . BuzzFeed. Archived from the original on March 6, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  7. ↑ Jamieson, Dave (July 15, 2022). "Medieval Times Workers In New Jersey Form Company's First Union". HuffPost . BuzzFeed . Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  8. ↑ Jacobs, Julia (July 17, 2022) [July 15, 2022]. "The Knights of Medieval Times Will Carry Union Cards with Their Lances". The New York Times . ISSN   1553-8095. OCLC   1645522. Archived from the original on August 10, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  9. ↑ Hoffman, Jordan (July 16, 2022). "Performers at Medieval Times Forge Collective Bargaining Union". Vanity Fair . Condé Nast. ISSN   0733-8899. OCLC   8356733. Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  10. ↑ Ujiye, Tiffany; Smith, Sam Benson (July 26, 2022). "Medieval Times Workers Embark On Quest To Unionize". LAist . Archived from the original on April 1, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  11. ↑ Jamieson, Dave (October 13, 2022). "Medieval Times Sues Its Workers' Union Alleging 'Trademark Infringement'". HuffPost . BuzzFeed . Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  12. ↑ Flores, Michael (February 13, 2023). "Medieval Times Workers Drop Their Swords And Go On Strike". LAist . Archived from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  13. ↑ Smith, Kevin (October 2, 2023). "Judge dismisses trademark lawsuit against striking Medieval Times performers, union" . San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on October 9, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  14. ↑ Smith, Kevin (October 14, 2022) [October 12, 2022]. "Buena Park's Medieval Times is a castle divided by union disillusion" . San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on October 31, 2022. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Breijo, Stephanie (February 15, 2023). "Workers at Medieval Times strike, citing low wages and high risks for knightly work" . Los Angeles Times . ISSN   2165-1736. OCLC   3638237. Archived from the original on May 27, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  16. ↑ "California Medieval Times actors leave the castle to go on strike". The Guardian . Associated Press. February 15, 2023. ISSN   1756-3224. OCLC   60623878. Archived from the original on March 29, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  17. 1 2 3 Smith, Kevin (February 13, 2023). "Medieval Times workers launch unfair labor practice strike". San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on October 7, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  18. ↑ Gell, Aaron (July 12, 2023). "Serfing USA: a unionised castle goes on strike" . 1843 . Illustrations by Michael Glenwood. The Economist Group. Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  19. 1 2 Smith, Kevin (March 10, 2023). "Medieval Times fills the castle despite ongoing performers' strike" . San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on March 28, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  20. ↑ Munoz, Daniel (May 3, 2023). "Cory Booker, Bob Menendez urge Medieval Times to negotiate with unionized employees". The Record . Gannett. OCLC   10806291. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  21. 1 2 3 Smith, Kevin (June 2, 2023). "Striking Medieval Times performers to hold rally as union effort stalls" . San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  22. 1 2 Smith, Kevin (September 29, 2023). "Striking actors to join Medieval Times performers on the picket line" . San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  23. ↑ Smith, Kevin (November 10, 2023). "Strike among Medieval Times performers hits 9 months" . San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on November 28, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  24. ↑ Jamerson, Megan (November 6, 2023). "Medieval Times union struggles to win workplace gains". KCRW . Archived from the original on April 8, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  25. 1 2 Masunaga, Samantha (November 21, 2023). "Medieval Times Buena Park employees end strike and will return to work Wednesday". Los Angeles Times . ISSN   2165-1736. OCLC   3638237. Archived from the original on September 21, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  26. ↑ Smith, Kevin (November 27, 2023). "Medieval Times performers end 9-month strike, return to work without contract". San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  27. ↑ "Labor unions are not always knights in shining armor". San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. November 30, 2023. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  28. 1 2 Jamieson, Dave (March 13, 2024). "The Medieval Times Union Campaign Is Over". HuffPost . BuzzFeed . Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  29. ↑ Smith, Kevin (March 15, 2024). "Union decertified at Medieval Times in Buena Park". San Gabriel Valley Tribune . Digital First Media. ISSN   8755-9595. OCLC   1010663846. Archived from the original on March 30, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  30. ↑ Hussain, Suhauna (March 15, 2024). "Medieval Times union efforts collapse as American Guild of Variety Artists pulls support" . Los Angeles Times . ISSN   2165-1736. OCLC   3638237. Archived from the original on July 31, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  31. ↑ Munoz, Daniel (March 17, 2024) [March 15, 2024]. "Bid ends for Medieval Times union contract". The Record . Gannett. OCLC   10806291. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  32. ↑ Nichols, Chris (March 17, 2024). "Effort to Unionize Medieval Times Comes to an End". Los Angeles . ISSN   1522-9149. OCLC   60618447. Archived from the original on March 24, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.

Further reading

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.