5th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

Last updated
5th Rifle Division
Active1918–1942 (1st formation) 1942–1946 (2nd formation)
CountryFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union
Branch Red Army
TypeInfantry
Garrison/HQ Vitebsk (1945–46)
Engagements Russian Civil War

Polish-Soviet War

World War II

Decorations Order of Lenin obverse Turova TB.png Order of Lenin (2nd formation)

Order of the red Banner OBVERSE.jpg Order of the Red Banner (2nd formation)
Order of suvorov medal 2nd class.jpg Order of Suvorov 2nd class (2nd formation)

Contents

OrderOfKutuzov2nd.jpg Order of Kutuzov 2nd class (2nd formation)
Battle honours Vitebsk (1st formation)

On behalf of the Czechoslovak Proletariat (1st formation)

Orel (2nd formation)
Commanders
Notable
commanders
Andrei Sazontov
Vladimir Klimovskikh
Konstantin Neumann
Maksim Antoniuk
Dmitry Gusev
Fyodor Ozerov

The 5th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army, formed twice. The division was formed in 1918, initially as the 2nd Penza Infantry Division. After becoming the 5th Rifle Division a month later, it fought in the Counteroffensive of Eastern Front in spring 1919 and later operations in Siberia. In the spring of 1920, the division was relocated west and fought in the Polish–Soviet War, participating in the Battle of Warsaw. The division was awarded the Honorary Revolutionary Red Banner for its actions during the wars in 1929. In September 1939, it fought in the Soviet invasion of Poland and was then sent to Lithuania under the Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty. After Operation Barbarossa, the division fought in the Baltic Operation and the Leningrad Strategic Defensive. During the winter of 1941-1942, it participated in the Battle of Moscow, fighting in the Kalinin (Tver) area. During the summer of 1942, the division fought in the Rzhev-Vyazma Offensive and became the 44th Guards Rifle Division for its actions there on 5 October.

Just more than a week later, the 5th Rifle Division was reformed from a rifle brigade in the Moscow Military District. In February 1943, the division fought in offensives in the Mtsensk and Tver areas. In July, it fought in Operation Kutuzov and was awarded the honorific "Orel" after it captured the city on 4 August. Between September and October, it fought in the Bryansk Offensive. It continued to advance and participated in the Gomel-Rechitsa Offensive and reached the Dnieper before it went on the defensive in early December. In February 1944, the division fought in the Rogachev-Zhlobin Offensive and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for its actions. From June 1944, the division fought in Operation Bagration, It was awarded the Order of Suvorov 2nd class for breaking through German defenses on the Drut River. It the fought in the Minsk Offensive and Belostock Offensive. For its capture of Vawkavysk on 14 July, the division received the Order of Kutuzov 2nd class. The division continued its advance and reached the Narew in August. From then until November, it fought in the battle for the Narew bridgeheads. In 1945, the division fought in the Mlawa-Elbing Offensive and the Berlin Offensive. It was awarded the Order of Lenin for its actions. The division was disbanded in June 1946.

History

First formation

The division was initially formed in September 1918 as the 2nd Penza Infantry Division. It was later renamed as the 5th Rifle Division (October 1918), Saratov (1920), Vitebsk (1921), and 'in the name of the Czechoslovak Proletariat' (1925). For successful operations during the Russian Civil War it was awarded the Honourable Revolutionary Red Banner in 1929.

In August 1939 it was deployed to the Belorussian Special Military District. On September 17, 1939, the division was assigned to the 4th Rifle Corps, Third Army of the Belorussian Front. On October 2, 1939, the division was reassigned to the 10th Rifle Corps, Third Army of the Belorussian Front. In September–October 1939 it took part in the Soviet invasion of Poland. From October 1939 it was deployed in Lithuania according to the Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty. Since July 1940 it was stationed in the Baltic Military District.

During the Second World War, the division was part of the Eleventh Army (where it was part of 16th Rifle Corps at the outbreak of the war), 27th Army, Soviet First Guards Army and 65th Army. As of October 1, 1941, the division was a part of the 31st Army of the Soviet Reserve Front. The division participated in defensive fights on as part of the Soviet Western Front, in Moscow and at the Battle of Stalingrad, in fights for Donbass and clearing of Left-bank Ukraine, in the Gomel-Rechitsa, Belarus, Mlawo-Elbing, East Pomerania and the Berlin offensive operations.

For its service in battle the division became the 44th Guards Rifle Division on October 5, 1942. It was later awarded the honourable name "Baranovichskaya" ("Барановичская"; on July 27, 1944), the Order of Lenin and Order of Suvorov, 2nd degree. Twelve thousand of its soldiers were awarded awards and medals and 22 were named Heroes of the Soviet Union.

It was stationed in Poland with the 105th Rifle Corps after the end of the war and disbanded in June 1946. [1]

Force Composition, October 1939 [2]

Second formation

The 5th Rifle Division was reformed on 13 October 1942 from the 109th Rifle Brigade.

On 1 May 1945 it was part of 40th Rifle Corps (5th Rifle Division, 129th, and 169th Rifle Divisions), as part of 3rd Army (Soviet Union). [3]

Both the corps and its three divisions, including the 5th Rifle, were withdrawn to Belorussia, and 40th Rifle Corps headquarters and 5th Rifle Division were stationed at Vitebsk. There they were disbanded in June 1946. [4]

See also

Related Research Articles

The 2nd Rifle Division was a rifle division of the Red Army that served from the Russian Civil War to the Second World War. Originally formed in 1919 from the 1st Ryazansk Rifle Division, the division was twice destroyed and reformed during the war. The division contained two or three rifle regiments.

The 3rd Army was a field army of the Red Army during World War II.

A rifle corps was a Soviet corps-level military formation during the mid-twentieth century. Rifle corps were made up of a varying number of rifle divisions, although the allocation of three rifle divisions to a rifle corps was common during the latter part of World War II.

The 4th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army, formed three times. It was first formed in 1919 from the remnants of the Lithuanian Rifle Division and fought in the Defence of Petrograd during the Russian Civil War. The division then fought in the Polish–Soviet War. In 1939, the division fought in the Soviet invasion of Poland. It fought in the Winter War from December 1939 and suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Kelja. After Operation Barbarossa, the division fought in the Barvinkove-Losowaja Operation and the 1942 Battle of Voronezh. It suffered heavy losses at Voronezh and was disbanded in November 1942. The division reformed in 1943 and fought in the Bryansk Offensive, Gomel-Rechitsa Offensive, Lublin–Brest Offensive, Warsaw-Poznan Offensive and Berlin Offensive. It was disbanded in the summer of 1945. The division was reformed a third time from the 160th Rifle Division and inherited that division's honorifics and awards. It became the 4th Motor Rifle Division in 1957 and disbanded in 1959.

The 73rd Rifle Division was a formation of the Great Patriotic War Soviet Army. The division began assigned to the 20th Army at the beginning of the war and was destroyed and rebuilt twice before the war ended.

The 266th Rifle Division was a rifle division of the Soviet Red Army during World War II. The 266th was formed three times during the war.

The 140th Rifle Division was a Red Army rifle division that saw service during the Great Patriotic War. Originally formed during the prewar buildup of the Red Army, the 140th might be regarded as the unluckiest division in the Army, as it, uniquely, had to be completely, or almost completely, re-formed three times between 1941 and 1943, being destroyed in the Uman pocket during Operation Barbarossa, the Vyasma pocket during Operation Typhoon, and on the Caucasian steppes in the face of the German summer offensive of 1942. In spite of this, the fourth formation of the 140th went on to have a very distinguished record in combat, a testament to the resiliency of the Red Army in World War II.

The 48th Army was a field army of the Soviet Red Army, active from 1941 to 1945. The army was first formed in August 1941 and fought in the Leningrad Strategic Defensive Operation. The army suffered heavy losses and was disbanded in early September. Its remnants were moved to the 54th Army. Reformed in April 1942 on the Bryansk Front, the army fought in the Maloarkhangelsk Offensive in the winter of 1943. It was sent to the Central Front in March and defended the northern face of the Kursk Bulge. During the summer, it fought in Operation Kutuzov and the Chernigov-Pripyat Offensive. From November, the army fought in the Gomel-Rechitsa Offensive. The army fought in Operation Bagration from June 1944. During the offensive, the army captured Zhlobin and Bobruisk and was on the Narew by early September. During early 1945, the army fought in the East Prussian Offensive and ended the war in East Prussia during May. The army was transferred to Poland in July 1945 and its headquarters was used to form the Kazan Military District in September.

The 33rd Rifle Division was a rifle division of the Red Army and Soviet Army, formed twice. The division was formed in 1922 at Samara and moved to Belarus in the next year. It fought in the Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939 and in the Occupation of Lithuania in June 1940. After Operation Barbarossa, the division fought in the Baltic Operation and Leningrad Strategic Defensive. In January 1942, it fought in the Toropets–Kholm Offensive. The division participated in the Leningrad–Novgorod Offensive, the Pskov-Ostrov Offensive, the Tartu Offensive and the Riga Offensive. In 1945, the division fought in the East Pomeranian Offensive and the Battle of Berlin. The division remained in Germany postwar with the Soviet occupation forces and disbanded in 1947. In 1955, it was reformed from the 215th Rifle Division in the Far East and inherited that division's honorifics, but was disbanded in 1956.

The 142nd Rifle Division began service in August 1939 as a standard Red Army rifle division, which participated in the Winter War against Finland. It remained on the Karelian Isthmus and had a relatively uneventful war facing the Finns until the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive began on June 10, 1944, from which point it saw much more active service. Following the end of the Continuation War, the division was transferred to 2nd Shock Army in 2nd Belorussian Front. Its soldiers distinguished themselves in the capture of the German city of Graudenz and ended the war fighting through Pomerania.

The 137th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army in World War II. Raised in 1939 as a standard Red Army rifle division, it served for the duration of the Great Patriotic War in that role. The division fought in the central part of the Soviet-German front. It shared credit with other formations for the liberation of Bobruisk during Operation Bagration, and ended the war in the conquest of East Prussia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrey Matveyevich Andreyev</span>

Andrey Matveyevich Andreyev was a Soviet Army Colonel general and Hero of the Soviet Union. Andreyev joined the Soviet Border Troops in 1924 and became an officer. After graduating from the Frunze Military Academy, he was given command of a border detachment. Andreyev fought in the Winter War as commander of a ski regiment of the border troops. After spending the first months of World War II as logistics chief of the 23rd Army, he was appointed to command the 43rd Rifle Division in September. In late October he took command of the 86th Rifle Division, fighting in the Nevsky Pyatachok. In April 1942 Andreyev became deputy commander of the 23rd Army and then the 42nd Army in May. He became commander of a special group in the 42nd Army's Staro-Panovo Offensive, in which he was wounded.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daniil Kazakevich</span>

Daniil Vasilievich Kazakevich was a Soviet Lieutenant general and Hero of the Soviet Union. Kazakevich was drafted into the Red Army in 1920 and fought in the Polish–Soviet War. In 1923 he transferred to the Soviet Border Troops. Kazakevich became an officer and by 1939 was chief of staff of a border district in the Soviet Far East. In December 1942 he became chief of staff of the Far Eastern NKVD Rifle Division, which became the 102nd Rifle Division some months later. After fighting in Operation Kutuzov, Kazakevich was given command of the 399th Rifle Division in September 1943. Kazakevich led the division through the Battle of the Dnieper, Operation Bagration and the East Prussian Offensive. He was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for his leadership in the battle for the Narew bridgeheads during September 1944. Postwar, Kazakevich returned to the Border Troops and led the Moldovan and Southwestern Border Districts. After a two-year period as an advisor to the East German Border Troops, Kazakevich became chief of the Border Troops military educational institutions. He retired in 1959 and lived in Moscow, working in the Intourist Directorate.

The 283rd Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II. Formed in the summer of 1941, the division fought in the Battle of Moscow, the Battle of Kursk, the Battle of Smolensk and the Battle of Berlin. The 283rd was disbanded in 1946, after the end of the war.

The 290th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II.

The 262nd Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army during World War II.

The 260th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army during World War II, formed twice.

The 64th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army which existed between 1942 and 1945.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nikolay Aleksandrovich Nikitin (general)</span>

Nikolay Aleksandrovich Nikitin was a Soviet Army lieutenant general who held corps and division command during World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stepan Chernyak</span>

Stepan Ivanovich Chernyak was a Soviet Army general and Hero of the Soviet Union who held field army and division command during World War II, rising to the rank of general-leytenant.

References

  1. Feskov et al 2013, p. 409
  2. "Nafizger Collection 939RJAA" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2012-12-17.
  3. Combat composition of the Soviet Army, 1 May 1945
  4. Feskov et al 2013, p. 450.