Russian Civil War
At the request of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 3rd Army, the 4th Ural Rifle Division was formed on 23 September 1918. In accordance with the Order to the Troops of the 3rd Army of the Eastern Front No. 038, dated 30 October 1918, the 3rd Ural Rifle Division was incorporated into the 4th Ural Rifle Division. By the Order to the Troops of the 3rd Army of the Eastern Front No. 048, dated 11 November 1918, the 4th Ural was renamed the 30th Rifle Division.
Two senior Soviet military leaders served with the division in its early years: Vasily Konstantinovich Blucher, later famous for his command in the Far East, commanded the division from 22 September 1918 to 15 January 1919; and Konstantin Rokossovsky, later Marshal of the Soviet Union, commanded one of the division's regiments in 1919–1920. In 1939, based on 30th Rifle Division units, the 132nd Rifle Division and 176th Rifle Division were created. Subsequently, the division was reformed as the 30th Mountain Rifle Division and began World War II under this name. The division was renamed the 30th Rifle Division on 25 August 1941.
The division distinguished itself in battles near the city of Kungur, when it held an all round defence for seven days, holding back the superior troops of General Radola Gajda in the Perm Operation.
World War II
The division was part of the 'operational army' from 22 June 1941 to 18 December 1942.
On 22 June 1941, the division was stationed at the Soviet-Romanian border on the river Prut at Sculeni (Calarasi, Frontier District Number 5). The division was part of the 35th Rifle Corps of the 9th Army. On 24 June 1941 the division had entered the battle and was forced to retreat on 30 June 1941. The division held the line of Vnishora, German, and Petreshtipri. During the disorganized retreat the division lost much equipment and personnel. On 5 July the division held positions at the front from Popovka to Lipovanka. On 7 July 1941 the division was in reserve. Up to 11 July, the division numbered no more than one regiment.
On 6 August 1941, the division was transferred to the Separate Coastal Army, which was entrusted with the defense of Odessa, but before managing to link up with the army's main force, the division was cut off and was forced to withdraw to the Southern Bug River. It then fought in defensive and offensive battles on the Rostov axis, holding the line on the river Mius. In January 1942, the division crossed the Mius and in March 1942, it participated in the offensive on Taganrog. From the second half of July 1942, the division conducted a fighting retreat toward the Caucasus. On 25 July, after covering the crossing of the Don in the Azov area for three days, the division defended positions in the area of Krasnodar. On 12 August, the division was forced to retreat from Krasnodar. In August, the division held the defence near Goryachy Klyuch.
The division fought in the Tuapse Defensive Operation. By 20 August 1942, the division covered the road through the Pyatigorsk and Khrebtovy passes. After a lull in the fighting that lasted until 23 September, the division was again involved in heavy defensive fighting. By the end of October, the 30th Rifle Division held the line in the Kaverze River valley, covering the Khrebtovy Pass. On 12 December 1942 the division was transformed into the 55th Guards Rifle Division as a reward for its actions.
The second formation of the 30th Rifle Division was formed in Rossosh on 22 March 1943. It fought at Rostov, Kiev, Zhitomir, and in the Carpathian Mountains. It was with 38th Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front in May 1945. [1] The division was disbanded with the Northern Group of Forces in the summer of 1945. [2]
Soviet Union 
Red Army 
Order of Lenin (1st formation)
Order of Suvorov (3rd formation)
