The Opiliones are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. As of April 2017, over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, Dyspnoi, Laniatores, and Tetrophthalmi, which were named in 2014.
Cosmetidae is a family of harvestmen in the suborder Laniatores. With over 700 species, it is one of the largest families in Opiliones. They are endemic of the New World with a Nearctic-Neotropical distribution where a large fraction of the diversity of Opiliones are represented by this single family. Cosmetidae have the northern extent of their range into the USA, where a small number species occur in the southern states. However, the family is especially diverse in Mexico, Central America and northern South America; especially the Andean realms. Their range also extends further south into Argentina and southern Brazil, but they are absent in Chile. Cosmetidae are prevalent in Amazonian region, but only relatively few also occur in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Several species are also found in the Caribbean.
The Stygnidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
The Cranaidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
Kimulidae is a small neotropical family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about thirty described species.
Yania is a genus of harvestmen from South America. Yania flavolimbata is the only species in the monotypic genus Yania. It was first described by Roewer, 1914.
Globipes is a genus of harvestmen in the family Globipedidae from North America with three described species. Two are found on the western coast of the USA.
Vonones is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. There are at least two described species in Vonones.
Cynorta is a genus from the subfamily Cynortinae. The genus was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch.
Taito is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. The genus is endemic to the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
Rhaucus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. The genus is endemic to the Colombian northern Andes. There are currently seven described species in the genus.
Parasiro is a genus of harvestmen belonging to the family Parasironidae with one described species. It is found in Southwestern Europe.
Poecilaemula eutypa is a species of harvestmen from Central America in the family Cosmetidae. It was first described by Ralph Vary Chamberlin in 1925.
Cynortinae is a subfamily of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae.
Discosomaticinae is a subfamily of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae.
Taitoinae is a subfamily of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae.
Parasironidae is a family of harvestmen with 7 described species.
Poecilaemula is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae with eight described species. All species are from Central America or South America. An overview of the taxonomy was provided by Medrano et al. (2024)
Poecilaemula iching is a species of harvestmen from Central America in the family Cosmetidae. It was first described by Medrano, Kury, Martins & Proud, 2024 in 2024.
Poecilaemula signata is a species of harvestmen from Central America in the family Cosmetidae. It was first described by Banks in 1909.
