| Acidovorax facilis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Proteobacteria |
| Class: | Betaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Burkholderiales |
| Family: | Comamonadaceae |
| Genus: | Acidovorax |
| Species: | A. facilis |
| Binomial name | |
| Acidovorax facilis (Schatz & Bovell 1952; Willems et al. 1990) | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Acidovorax facilis is an aerobic, chemoorganotrophic bacterium used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture.
Members of A. facilis are generally 1.0-5.0 μm long and 0.2-0.7 μm wide. [1] Under a microscope, they appear as straight to slightly curved rods that occurs singly or in short chains. A. facilis are motile via a single flagellum at one end of the bacterium. They are negative by Gram stain and positive by the oxidase test. When grown on nutrient agar, they form unpigmented colonies. [1] They grow in the presence of oxygen. [1]
A. facilis has been used in agriculture and horticulture as a soil additive to improve plant growth. [2] Additionally, a nitrilase enzyme from A. facilis has been engineered into E. coli for the commercial production of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid. [3]
A. facilis was originally isolated from lawn soil in the United States by Albert Schatz and Carlton Bovell in 1950 and named Hydrogenomas facilis. [1] [4] In 1969, the genus Hydrogenomonas was abandoned and H. facilis was transferred to the genus Pseudomonas . [1] [5] Eventually, Pseudomonas was determined to contain several genera of bacteria, and so in 1990 Pseudomonas facilis, Pseudomonas delafieldii , and several other strains of Pseudomonas and Alcaligenes were transferred to the new genus Acidovorax . [1]
Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative, Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae and containing 191 validly described species. The members of the genus demonstrate a great deal of metabolic diversity and consequently are able to colonize a wide range of niches. Their ease of culture in vitro and availability of an increasing number of Pseudomonas strain genome sequences has made the genus an excellent focus for scientific research; the best studied species include P. aeruginosa in its role as an opportunistic human pathogen, the plant pathogen P. syringae, the soil bacterium P. putida, and the plant growth-promoting P. fluorescens, P. lini, P. migulae, and P. graminis.
Halomonadaceae is a family of halophilic Proteobacteria.
Pseudomonas veronii is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, fluorescent, motile bacterium isolated from natural springs in France. It may be used for bioremediation of contaminated soils, as it has been shown to degrade a variety of simple aromatic organic compounds. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, P. veronii has been placed in the P. fluorescens group.
Pseudomonas stutzeri is a Gram-negative soil bacterium that is motile, has a single polar flagellum, and is classified as bacillus, or rod-shaped. While this bacterium was first isolated from human spinal fluid, it has since been found in many different environments due to its various characteristics and metabolic capabilities. P. stutzeri is an opportunistic pathogen in clinical settings, although infections are rare. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, this bacterium has been placed in the P. stutzeri group, to which it lends its name.
Hydrogenophaga is a genus of comamonad bacteria, several of which were formerly classified in the genus Pseudomonas.
Pelomonas saccharophila is a Gram-negative soil bacterium. It was originally named Pseudomonas saccharophila in 1940, but was reclassified in 2005 to the newly created genus, Pelomonas. The original strain was isolated from mud.
The genus Alishewanella is one of the major branches of the family Alteromonadaceae. It was proposed to accommodate A. fetalis, isolated from an autopsy of a human fetus, in 2000. In 2009, A. aestuarii was isolated from tidal flat sediment and indicated as being a representative of Alishewanella. The third Alishewanella species was isolated from gajami sikhae, a Korean fermented food, in 2009 and was given the name A. jeotgali. Most recently, in 2010, the fourth currently isolated species of Alishewanella, A. agri, was isolated from landfill soil in Korea. Currently these are the only four isolated and characterized species of the genus Alishewanella.
Cupriavidus gilardii is a Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, oxidase-positive bacterium from the genus Cupriavidus and the family Burkholderiaceae. It is motil by a single polar flagellum. It is named after G. L. Gilardi, an American microbiologist. The organism was initially identified as Ralstonia gilardii in 1999, renamed Wautersiella gilardii, and most recently moved into the genus Cupriavidus after 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed it to be most closely related to Cupriavidus necator. Notably, species of this genus are not inhibited by copper due to the production of chelation factors, and may actually be stimulated by the presence of copper.
Cupriavidus pauculus is a Gram-negative, nonfermentative, motile bacterium of the genus Cupriavidus and family Burkholderiaceae isolated from water from ultrafiltration systems and bottled mineral water. C. pauculus is associated with human infections.
Aminobacter aganoensis is a bacterium from the genus of Aminobacter which was isolated from soil.
Aminobacter niigataensis is a bacterium from the genus of Aminobacter which was isolated from soil.
Gracilibacillus is a genus of bacteria within the phylum Firmicutes. Species within this genus are generally halotolerant.
Desulfacinum hydrothermale is a thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium. Its cells are oval-shaped, 0.8–1 μm in width and 1.5–2.5 μm in length, motile and Gram-negative. The type strain is MT-96T.
Cryptosporangium aurantiacum is a bacterium.
Prosthecomicrobium pneumaticum is an aerobic bacterium from the genus of Prosthecomicrobium which has been isolated from freshwater.
Streptomyces costaricanus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from nematode suppressive soil in Costa Rica.
Robert S. Dickey was an American phytopathologist, professor emeritus of Plant Pathology at the Cornell University and the namesake of the bacterial genus Dickeya.
Nocardiopsis trehalosi is a bacterium from the genus of Nocardiopsis which has been isolated from soil.
Microbacterium hominis is a bacterium from the genus of Microbacterium which has been isolated from lung aspirate.
Xenophilus azovorans is a bacterium from the genus Xenophilus which has been isolated from soil in Switzerland.
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