Black tip acraea | |
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Acraea caldarena neluska | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Family: | Nymphalidae |
Genus: | Acraea |
Species: | A. caldarena |
Binomial name | |
Acraea caldarena | |
Synonyms | |
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Acraea caldarena, the black tip acraea or black-tipped acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in southern and southeastern Africa.
A. caldarena Hew. (55 d). male. Ground-colour of both wings above light reddish ochre-yellow to light rose-red (= ab. recaldana Suff.; forewing with a sharply defined black apical spot 7 mm. in breadth, at the costal and distal margins very finely black; discal dots 4 and 5 are small and free and placed nearer to the proximal margin of the apical spot than to the apex of the cell; both wings a little darkened at the base; marginal band of the hindwing usually Avith light spots; under surface of the forewing lighter yellow, of the hindwing reddish; the discal dot in 2 is not placed proximally to the base of vein 3. The female has the wings above broadly darkened at the base, occasionally for the most part blackish. Natal to Damaraland and British East Africa. - female ab. nero Btlr. differs in having the ground-colour of both wings above suffused with dark grey, while the upperside of the hindwing has large, sharply defined, quadrate white spots in cellules 1c to 4 at the proximal side of the unspotted black marginal band. Victoria Nyanza. - f. neluska Oberth. (55f) [now subspecies] is only distinguished from the type-form by having the black apical spot of the forewing narrower, only 3 to 4 mm. in breadth. German East Africa. - The larva has a delicate rose-reddish to orange-yellow ground-colour and black spines and lives on Wormskjoldia longepedunculata. Pupa yellowish with black markings. [3]
Adults are on the wing year round, with a peak from August to April in southern Africa. [4]
The larvae feed on Passifloraceae species, including Tricliceras longipedunculatum and Adenia species.
It is a member of the Acraea caecilia species group. See also Pierre & Bernaud, 2014. [5]
Acraea acrita, the fiery acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in large parts of Africa.
Acraea uvui, the tiny acraea or tiny mountain acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Cameroon, Angola, northern Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi and eastern Zaire. The habitat consists of sub-montane forests at altitudes ranging from 1,200 to 1,400 meters.
Acraea natalica, the Natal acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae, which is native to East and southern Africa.
Acraea stenobea, the suffused acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Transvaal and the Free State.
Acraea aglaonice, the clear-spotted acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in KwaZulu-Natal, Mozambique, Transvaal, Zimbabwe and Botswana.
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Acraea anacreon, the (large) orange acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Kwazulu-Natal and Transvaal and from Angola to Zimbabwe and to Kenya. Elsewhere in Africa and adjacent regions, "orange acraea" refers to the smaller A. eponina.
Acraea insignis, the black-blotched acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Ethiopia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique and Zimbabwe.
Acraea pseudolycia is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae, which is native to East Africa and Africa's southern subtropics.
Acraea periphanes is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae which is native to the southern subtropics of Africa.
Acraea braesia is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Ethiopia, Somalia, north-eastern Uganda, eastern and northern Kenya and north-eastern Tanzania.
Acraea rhodesiana is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in central and northern Zambia and the DRC (Haut-Lomani).
Bematistes epaea, the common bematistes, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi and Zambia.
Bematistes tellus, the orange bematistes, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Tanzania.
Acraea althoffi, the Althoff's acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Cameroon, Gabon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania.
Acraea jodutta, the jodutta acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, São Tomé and Príncipe, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Uganda, Kenya and Ethiopia.
Acraea ventura is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Kenya.
Acraea mirifica is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Angola, northern Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Lualaba).
Acraea oreas, the black-and-white acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia.
Acraea penelope, the Penelope acraea or Penelope's acraea, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. The habitat consists of sub-montane forests.