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The Opiliones are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, or daddy longlegs. As of April 2017, over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, Dyspnoi, Laniatores, and Tetrophthalmi, which were named in 2014.
Dyspnoi is a suborder of harvestmen, currently comprising 43 extant genera and 356 extant species, although more species are expected to be described in the future. The eight families are currently grouped into three superfamilies: the Acropsopilionoidea, Ischyropsalidioidea, and Troguloidea.
Phalangium is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is Phalangium opilio, which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman".
Ischyropsalididae is a family of harvestmen with 31 described species in 3 genera, found in Europe and North America.
The Nemastomatidae are a family of harvestmen with about 170 described species in 16 recent genera. Several fossil species and genera are known.
The Cladonychiidae are a small family of harvestman with about 33 described species, within the suborder Laniatores.
Carinostoma is a genus of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae with 3 described species from southeastern Europe.
Ortholasma is a genus of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae. There are about 13 described species in Ortholasma.
Paranonychus is a genus of harvestman in the family Paranonychidae. There are at least three described species in Paranonychus.
Dendrolasma is a genus of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae. There are about five described species in Dendrolasma.
Ortholasmatinae is a subfamily of harvestmen with 27 described species in 7 genera.
Caucnemastoma is a genus of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae with 2 described species from Russia.
Hazinia is a genus of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae with 2 described species from the Balkans.
Giljarovia is a genus of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae with 11 described species from the Caucasus region.
Nemastomatinae is a subfamily of harvestmen with 123 described species in 18 genera.
Holoscotolemon is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There are about eight described species in Holoscotolemon, found in Europe.
Peltonychia is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cladonychiidae. There are about nine described species in Peltonychia, found in Europe.
Travunia is a genus of harvestman in the family Travuniidae. There are about five described species in Travunia. They are found in caves in the southern Dinaric Karst region of Balkan Europe.
References
- ↑ "A taxonomic catalogue of the Dyspnoi Hansen and Sørensen, 1904 (Arachnida: Opiliones)". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2019-05-19.
- ↑ "(PDF) Sobre los Nemastomatidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) de la Península Ibérica. VI. Acromitostoma rhinocerus y Acromitostoma hispanum (nueva combinación)" (PDF). museunacional.ufrj.br (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-05-19.
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