Agelenopsis, commonly known as the American grass spiders, is a genus of funnel weavers first described by C.G. Giebel in 1869. They weave sheet webs that have a funnel shelter on one edge. The web is not sticky, but these spiders make up for that shortcoming by running very rapidly. The larger specimens can grow to about 19 mm in body length. They may be recognized by the arrangement of their eight eyes into three rows. The top row has two eyes, the middle row has four eyes, and the bottom row has two eyes. They have two prominent hind spinnerets, somewhat indistinct bands on their legs, and two dark bands running down either side of the cephalothorax.
The Agelenidae are a large family of spiders in the suborder Araneomorphae. Well-known examples include the common "grass spiders" of the genus Agelenopsis. Nearly all Agelenidae are harmless to humans, but the bite of the hobo spider may be medically significant, and some evidence suggests it might cause necrotic lesions, but the matter remains subject to debate. The most widely accepted common name for members of the family is funnel weaver.
The giant house spider has been treated as either one species, under the name Eratigena atrica, or as three species, E. atrica, E. duellica and E. saeva. As of April 2020, the three species view was accepted by the World Spider Catalog. They are among the largest spiders of Central and Northern Europe. They were previously placed in the genus Tegenaria. In 2013, they were moved to the new genus Eratigena as the single species Eratigena atrica. In 2018, the three separate species were restored. The bite of these species does not pose a threat to humans or pets, and they are generally reluctant to bite, preferring instead to hide or escape.
Nigorella is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Wanda Wesołowska & Beata Tomasiewicz in 2008. The name is described as "an arbitrary combination of letters", feminine in gender. Three previously species described were transferred to the genus: Pachypoessa albimana as N. albimana, Philaeus manicus as N. manica, and Euophrys plebeja as N. plebeja. Subsequently it was discovered that Euophrys plebeja was a nomen dubium, with no known type specimen.
This glossary describes the terms used in formal descriptions of spiders; where applicable these terms are used in describing other arachnids.
Agelena labyrinthica is a species of spider in the family Agelenidae.
Inermocoelotes jurinitschi is a funnel-web spider species found in Bulgaria.
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps, giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification.
Allagelena opulenta is a species of funnel weaver spider of the family Agelenidae. The species was first described by Ludwig Carl Christian Koch in 1878.
Allagelena is a genus of Asian funnel weavers first described by Z. S. Zhang, Ming-Sheng Zhu & D. X. Song in 2006.
Cedicoides is a genus of spiders in the family Cybaeidae made up of four species. It is characterized by well developed tegulum on the bulb of the male pedipalp. When it was published by Charitonov in 1946, it acted as a subgenus to Cedicus. Later, it was argued that the differences between spiders of Cedicoides and those of other subgenera - notably the presence of a terminal apophysis and the shape of the male pedipalp - were great enough to warrant a new genus. In 2003, it was upgraded from subgenus to genus status by Marusik & Guseinov. Spiders of this genus are rare, and are often missing from spider collections taken from these regions during any time other than their mating season.
Utivarachna arcuata is a species of spiders in the family Trachelidae found only in Yunnan Province of China. It was described in 2014 by Li Zhao and Xian-Jin Peng. Adult males reach 3.65 millimetres (0.144 in) to 5.1 millimetres (0.20 in) long, while females can be 5.85 millimetres (0.230 in) to 6.65 millimetres (0.262 in) long. It closely resembles the Thailand species Utivarachna rama, but there are several distinct differences. The back part of the palpal bulb is semi-spherical, the tip of the embolus is only about a fifth as long as the basal part, the tibial apophysis is slightly tapered, the copulatory opening is on the back of the epigyne, the back bursae are longer and thinner, and the connecting ducts are spaced farther apart. In Latin, the term "arcuata" means "curved". This name refers to the curved shape of the bottom part of embolus, the small, thin extension on the palpal bulb of the pedipalp.
Agelenella is a genus of Asian funnel weavers containing the single species, Agelenella pusilla. It was first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967, and has only been found in Yemen.
Siamspinops is a genus of Asian wall spiders that was first described by P. Dankittipakul & J. A. Corronca in 2009. It was merged with the monotypic genus Pakawops in 2019.
Agelenopsis pennsylvanica, commonly known as the Pennsylvania funnel-web spider or the Pennsylvania grass spider, is a species of spider in the family Agelenidae. The common name comes from the place that it was described, Pennsylvania, and the funnel shape of its web. Its closest relative is Agelenopsis potteri.
Troglocoelotes is a genus of east Asian funnel weavers. It was first described by B. Li, Z. Zhao and C. T. Zhang in 2019, and it has only been found in China.
Nuconarius is a genus of funnel weavers first described by Zhao & S. Q. Li in 2018. As of March 2019 it contains only three species.
Orientattus is a genus of Asian jumping spiders erected by John Caleb in 2020. It is placed in the tribe Plexippini, within the Salticoida clade of Salticinae. In 2018 and 2019, a species found in Sri Lanka and India was placed in the otherwise African genus Schenkelia under the name "Schenkelia aurantia", however, this species differed significantly from the type species of the genus Schenkelia. Three other species, placed in different genera, were found to resemble Schenkelia aurantia, and these were all combined to create the genus, Orientattus.
Myrmecicultor is a monotypic genus of North American spiders in the family Myrmecicultoridae. It contains the single species, Myrmecicultor chihuahuensis, and was first described by M. J. Ramírez, C. J. Grismado and D. Ubick in 2019. It is native to the Chihuahuan Desert, from the Big Bend region of Texas to Coahuila and Aguascalientes in Mexico. Collected specimens were found in pitfall traps where three species of harvester ants are most active: Pogonomyrmex rugosus, Novomessor albisetosis, and Novomessor cockerelli.
Kut is a genus of Middle Eastern woodlouse hunting spiders. The type species was first described by Paolo Brignoli from a male found in Turkey, and it was placed with Harpactocrates. In a 1988 study, Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold expressed doubt of the holotype's placement, but it wasn't transferred to its own genus until 2019. Two other species were identified, all with the same distinctive pedipalp features, including a pear-shaped tegulum with an otherwise featureless embolus. As of April 2022 it contains only three species: K. dimensis, K. izmiricus, and K. troglophilus.
