| Allocasuarina striata | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Casuarinaceae |
| Genus: | Allocasuarina |
| Species: | A. striata |
| Binomial name | |
| Allocasuarina striata (Macklin) L.A.S.Johnson | |
 | |
| Occurrence data from AVH | |
Allocasuarina striata, commonly known as the small bull oak, [1] stalked oak-bush [2] or the tall oak-bush, is a shrub of the genus Allocasuarina native to South Australia. [3]
The shrub or small tree typically grows to a height of 1.5 to 2.5 metres (5 to 8 ft) but can reach as high as 4 m (13 ft) and a width of 1 to 1.5 m (3 to 5 ft). It has a dense, erect and rounded habit, [1] with smooth bark that becomes fissured on older trees. [4] The dioecious or monoecious has terete, smooth, striated stem segments to 2 centimetres (0.8 in) long with seven reduced leaves around the end. The male flower spikes grow to 3 cm (1.2 in) in length with a slender form and having with 5-7 whorls per centimetre. The female flower is yellow-brown in colour and 1.3 millimetres (0.05 in) long. Fruits that form later are small and woody cylindrical cones containing numerous valves with smooth semi-flat black seeds that have a papery wing. [3]
Endemic to South Australia the species is confined to an area in the south east of the state on the southern Mount Lofty Ranges, the Fleurieu Peninsula and on Kangaroo Island. It grows in heath and sandy lateritic soils. [4] When cultivated it grows best in full sun or part shade and is found on hills, footslopes and plains. It will tolerate drought, moderate frost and soil salinity. [1]
A hardy foliage plant it is often grown as a low informal hedge in roadside verges and raised beds. Used in reserves and parks as a soil binding plant for reserves which also provides bird habitat and refuge for small animals and acts as a windbreak. Aboriginal peoples used the plant for food, medicine, to make implements like boomerangs and shields, and to make adhesives for canoe sealant. [1]
The species was first formally described as Casuarina striata by the botanist Ellen D. Macklin in 1927. [5] It was later reclassified by Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson into the Allocasuarina genera in 1982 in the article Notes on Casuarinaceae II in the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens. [6]
The Casuarinaceae are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Fagales, consisting of four genera and 91 species of trees and shrubs native to eastern Africa, Australia, Southeast Asia, Malesia, Papuasia, and the Pacific Islands. At one time, all species were placed in the genus Casuarina. Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson separated out many of those species and renamed them into the new genera of Gymnostoma in 1980 and 1982, Allocasuarina in 1982, and Ceuthostoma in 1988, with some additional formal descriptions of new species in each other genus. At the time, it was somewhat controversial. The monophyly of these genera was later supported in a 2003 genetics study of the family. In the Wettstein system, this family was the only one placed in the order Verticillatae. Likewise, in the Engler, Cronquist, and Kubitzki systems, the Casuarinaceae were the only family placed in the order Casuarinales.
Allocasuarina is a genus of trees in the flowering plant family Casuarinaceae. They are endemic to Australia, occurring primarily in the south. Like the closely related genus Casuarina, they are commonly called sheoaks or she-oaks.
Casuarina is a genus of 17 tree species in the family Casuarinaceae, native to Australia, the Indian subcontinent, southeast Asia, islands of the western Pacific Ocean, and eastern Africa. It was once treated as the sole genus in the family, but has been split into four genera.
Allocasuarina fraseriana, commonly known as western sheoak, common sheoak, WA sheoak. Fraser's sheoak or just sheoak, is a tree in the family Casuarinaceae. Endemic to Western Australia, it occurs near the coast in the south west corner of the State, from Jurien to Albany . The Noongar peoples know the tree as Condil, Kulli or Gulli.
Allocasuarina huegeliana, commonly known as rock sheoak or sighing sheoak, is a tree in the family Casuarinaceae. Endemic to Western Australia, it occurs mostly throughout the Wheatbelt region. It is now especially common on road verges, where it sometimes forms thickets.
Allocasuarina humilis, commonly known as the dwarf sheoak or dwarf casuarina, is a woody shrub of the family Casuarinaceae endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.
Allocasuarina distyla, commonly known as scrub she-oak, is a shrub or small tree of the She-oak family Casuarinaceae endemic to New South Wales.
Allocasuarina luehmannii is a species of ironwood tree native to Australia and its wood is the hardest commercially available.
Allocasuarina decaisneana or desert oak is a medium-sized, slow-growing tree found in the dry desert regions of the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia. The Anangu peoples know the tree as kurkara.
Allocasuarina inophloia, also known as woolly oak, or stringybark she-oak, is a shrub or small tree of the she-oak family Casuarinaceae endemic to inland New South Wales and Queensland. The hairy bark is an unusual feature.
Allocasuarina campestris, commonly known as the Shrubby she-oak, is a shrub of the she-oak family Casuarinaceae native to Western Australia.
Allocasuarina defungens, commonly known as the dwarf heath casuarina, is a species of casuarinaceae (ironwood) native to the NSW north coast in Australia.
Allocasuarina decussata, commonly known as karri oak or karri she-oak, is a medium-sized tree, or more rarely a shrub, that is endemic to the south west of Western Australia. It is an understory tree in karri forest but also occurs as a stunted shrub in places like Bluff Knoll in the Stirling Range.
Allocasuarina drummondiana is a shrub of the genus Allocasuarina native to the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.
Allocasuarina fibrosa, commonly known as the woolly sheoak, is a shrub of the genus Allocasuarina native to a small area in the central Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.
Allocasuarina grevilleoides is a shrub of the genus Allocasuarina native to a small area in the western Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.
Allocasuarina thuyoides, commonly known as the horned sheoak, is a shrub of the genus Allocasuarina native to a large area in the Mid West, Wheatbelt, South West and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.
Allocasuarina trichodon is a shrub of the genus Allocasuarina native to an area along the south coast in the Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.
Allocasuarina emuina, commonly known as the Emu Mountain sheoak, is a shrub of the genus Allocasuarina native to Queensland.
Allocasuarina pusilla, commonly known as the heath oak-bush or the dwarf she-oak, is a species of Allocasuarina genera native to Australia.