Amyema plicatula

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Amyema plicatula
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Santalales
Family: Loranthaceae
Genus: Amyema
Species:
A. plicatula
Binomial name
Amyema plicatula
Synonyms [4]

Amyema angularisBarlow
Amyema cephalantheraDanser
Amyema duureniiBarlow
Amyema obovataDanser
Amyema ovariosaDanser
Amyema pentactisDanser
Amyema scandens subsp. plicatula(K.Krause) Barlow
Loranthus plicatulusK.Krause

Contents

Amyema plicatula is a species of hemi-parasitic shrub found in the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, New South Wales [4] and Queensland. [5] [6]

Description

It is an aeria,l stem-parasitic shrub, with short epicortical runners. The leaves, which are usually opposite, are elliptic to obovate, and about 5.5-11 cm by 3-8 cm, with no obvious venation. They sometimes occur in whorls of 3 to 4, on short stalks which are 0.4-0.8 cm long. [7]

The flowers occur in umbels. The primary stalk of the inflorescence is about 12-20 mm long, with the stalks in the umbels being about 5-10 mm long. The flowers in their diads or triads are stalkless. The calyx lobes are inconspicuous or non-existent. The corolla lobes are red, and about 20-23 mm by 8-10 mm. The anthers are about 3 mm long on anther filaments which are about 8 mm long. The style is about 20 mm long. [7]

The ovary is about 2-3 mm long, and the fruits are ellipsoid to obovoid, about 7-10 mm long, and the calyx limb and style often persists at the apex of the fruit. [7]

Distribution

In New South Wales it is found in remnant rainforests of the North Coast. [6] In Queensland it is known from just one collection in the north east [7] Outside Australia it has been found in rainforests and open humid forests from sea level to 1600 metres. [6]

Taxonomy

Amyema plicatula is member of the Santalales, the mistletoe order, placed within the family Loranthaceae. It was first described as Loranthus plicatulus by Kurt Krause from a specimen collected in New Guinea, [8] [9] but was transferred from the genus Loranthus in 1929 by Danser. [3]

The genus name, Amyema , is derived from Greek for 'without' and 'to instruct'. [10]

Host plants

Downey records just one host, Dysoxylum fraseranum, in the Meliaceae family. [11]

Related Research Articles

<i>Amyema</i> Genus of mistletoes

Amyema is a genus of semi-parasitic shrubs (mistletoes) which occur in Malesia and Australia.

<i>Amyema miquelii</i> Species of plant

Amyema miquelii, also known as box mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae, found attached to several species of Australian eucalypt and occasionally on some species of Acacia. It is the most widespread of the Australian Mistletoes, occurring mainly to the west of the Great Dividing Range. It has shiny leaves and red flowers arranged in groups of 3. It is distinguished from the similar Amyema pendula through the individual stalks of the flowers.

<i>Amyema quandang</i> Species of plant

Amyema quandang is a species of hemi-parasitic shrub which is widespread throughout the mainland of Australia, especially arid inland regions, sometimes referred to as the grey mistletoe.

<i>Amyema pendula</i> Species of plant

Amyema pendula, also known as drooping mistletoe or furry drooping mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae, found attached to several species of Australian eucalypt and occasionally on some species of Acacia. It is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is the most common mistletoe in Victoria, especially on the coastal side of the Great Dividing Range. It has shiny leaves and red flowers arranged in groups of 3 or 4. It is distinguished from the similar Amyema miquelii through the lack of individual stalks on the flowers.

<i>Amyema benthamii</i> Species of epiphyte

Amyema benthamii, commonly known as the twin-leaved mistletoe or Bentham's mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Western Australia and the Northern Territory of Australia in semi-arid woodland. This species is named in honour of the English botanist George Bentham who between 1863 and 1878 published Flora Australiensis, the first flora of Australia.

<i>Lysiana exocarpi</i> Species of mistletoe

Lysiana exocarpi, commonly known as harlequin mistletoe, is a species of hemiparasitic shrub, endemic to Australia. It is in the Gondwanan family Loranthaceae and is probably the most derived genus of that family with 12 pairs of chromosomes. The Loranthaceae is the most diverse family in the mistletoe group with over 900 species worldwide and including the best known species in Australia. Mistletoes are notable for their relationships with other species. In an early reference to the group in Australia Allan Cunningham explorer and first Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, wrote in 1817: "The Bastard Box is frequently much encumbered with the twining adhering Loranthus aurantiacus which 'Scorning the soil, aloft she springs, Shakes her red plumes and claps her golden wings'."

<i>Amyema bifurcata</i> Species of epiphyte

Amyema bifurcata is an epiphytic, flowering, hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Australia and found in Western Australia, the Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales.

<i>Amyema mackayensis</i> Species of epiphyte

Amyema mackayensis, the mangrove mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Amyema, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Australia, and found along its northern and eastern coasts in New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia, and also in New Guinea.

<i>Amyema fitzgeraldii</i> Species of plant

Amyema fitzgeraldii, the pincushion mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Amyema, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae endemic to Australia, and found in the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia.

<i>Amyema biniflora</i> Species of epiphyte

Amyema biniflora, the twin-flower mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Amyema, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae endemic to Queensland, Australia.

<i>Amyema sanguinea</i> Species of mistletoe

Amyema sanguinea is an arial hemiparasitic shrub within the genus Amyema, in the family Loranthaceae and native to Australia, where it is found in New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia.

<i>Amyema gibberula</i> Species of plant

Amyema gibberula is an aerial hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Australia and found in Western Australia, the Northern Territory, and South Australia.

<i>Amyema melaleucae</i> Species of plant

Amyema melaleucae, also known as the tea-tree mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Amyema, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Australia and found in Western Australia and South Australia on the coast, from north of Perth almost to the Victorian border.

<i>Muellerina bidwillii</i> Species of mistletoe

Muellerina bidwillii, common name Cypress-pine mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic arial shrub in the family Loranthaceae. The species is endemic to New South Wales and Queensland.

<i>Muellerina myrtifolia</i> Species of mistletoe

Muellerina myrtifolia, common name myrtle-leaved mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic arial shrub in the family Loranthaceae. The species is endemic to New South Wales and Queensland.

<i>Muellerina celastroides</i> Species of mistletoe

Muellerina celastroides, common names Banksia mistletoe and coast mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic arial shrub in the family Loranthaceae. The species is endemic to New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland.

<i>Cecarria</i> Genus of mistletoes

Cecarria is a monotypic genus in the family Loranthaceae. The sole species is Cecarria obtusifolia, a hemiparasitic aerial shrub.

<i>Amyema cambagei</i> Species of epiphyte

Amyema cambagei, commonly known as sheoak mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae endemic to Australia, and found in New South Wales and Queensland in sclerophyll forest and woodland on several species of Casuarinaceae.

<i>Amyema nestor</i> Species of mistletoe

Amyema nestor is a species of flowering plant, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae. It is native to Western Australia, and found growing only on Acacias.

<i>Amyema miraculosa</i> Species of plant

Amyema miraculosa, also known as the fleshy mistletoe and the round-leaf mistletoe, is an Australian native mistletoe found in all states except Tasmania. It is a woody, hemiparasitic plant, in the Loranthaceae family. Being hemiparasitic, it draws water and minerals from its host, however it photosynthesises to manufacture its own supply of carbohydrates.

References

  1. "Species Profile and Threats Database: Amyema plicatula". Canberra: Department of Environment. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  2. "Amyema plicatula". Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  3. 1 2 Danser, B.H. (1929). "On the taxonomy and nomenclature of the Loranthaceae of Asia and Australia". Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg. Série 3. 10 (3): 298.
  4. 1 2 "Amyema plicatula (K.Krause) Danser | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  5. "Amyema plicatula". Flora of Australia. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  6. 1 2 3 Wiecek, B.M. (1992). "PlantNET (The NSW Plant Information Network System): Amyema plicatula". plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au. Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  7. 1 2 3 4 F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Amyema plicatula". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government . Retrieved 30 June 2021.
  8. "Loranthus plicatulus". Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  9. Krause, K. (1923). "Loranthaceae". Nova Guinea. 14: 102.
  10. "Amyema". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  11. Downey, P.O. (1998). "An inventory of host species for each aerial mistletoe species (Loranthaceae and Viscaceae) in Australia". Cunninghamia. 5 (3): 685–720.