Angolan Argentines

Last updated • 3 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Angolan Argentines
Angolano-argentinos (Portuguese)
Angoleño-argentinos (Spanish)
Flag of Argentina.svg Flag of Angola.svg
Total population
177 (by birth, 2022) [1]
100,000 (by ancestry)
0.2% of the Argentine population
Regions with significant populations
Minorities in Buenos Aires, Salta and Tucumán
Languages
Spanish  · Portuguese
Religion
Roman Catholicism  · Others
Related ethnic groups
Angolans
Angolan Brazilians  · Angolan Americans

Angolan Argentines (Spanish : Angoleño-argentinos) are Argentine people of predominantly or total Angolan descent or an Angolan-born people who reside in Argentina. Most of them arrived as slaves during the Spanish colonial period (16th–19th centuries). Currently, the Black Argentines make up 0.66% of the population, and some are partially descendant from slaves from Portuguese West Africa.

Contents

History

Since the 15th century groups of African slaves were exported to Argentina. From the 16th century, most Africans brought to Argentina belonged to ethnic groups who speak Bantu languages, coming from the territories now comprising the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola and Mozambique. Many slaves of these countries were bought in Brazil, a country where most of the slaves were from these countries, especially from Angola. [2] In 1680–1777 came at least 40,000 slaves in the region, while among the latter date and 1812, when traffic was halted, some 70,000 were landed in Buenos Aires and Montevideo (that figure must be added another, unknown, admitted slave overland from Rio Grande do Sul). The 22 percent of which came directly from Africa came from Congo and Angola. Actually left many more but one in five, on average, died on boats.

Of the four ports of western central Africa where slaves were shipped, Loango, Cabinda, Luanda and Benguela, the last three belong today to Angola and they named several groups of slaves in colonial rioplatenses (the Benguela, the Cabinda, etc.). These slaves were sold in ports, some were there and others were sent to the interior, where Cordoba, San Miguel de Tucuman and Salta were featured markets. Slaves worked on farms and ranches, were employed as domestic servants for wealthy families in cities or as workers in bakeries, mills, brick factories, and workshops of artisans. Others were hired as laborers, earning a salary and give it to their masters, keeping one hand. That allowed them to save money to seek access to the most sought throughout his life: freedom. The getting those who could buy it or those who received their masters, usually when they were old.

Gabino Ezeiza, one of the greatest performers in the art of the payada Gabino ezeiza retrato agn.jpg
Gabino Ezeiza, one of the greatest performers in the art of the payada

After, the Revolution of 1810 banned the slave trade and then sanctioned freedom of wombs, but not abolished slavery, as did leaders favor the right of ownership over freedom. With the Revolutionary War, slave men were presented with an opportunity: those who entered the army had the promise of free exit to terminate service. Their participation was very important, particularly in the Army of the Andes, where they constituted the bulk of the infantry. This means that many Angolans were instrumental to ensure the independence of what became Argentina. In the colonial period, free blacks gathered in "nations" that grouped people who had been captured in the same region. In Buenos Aires protruded the slaves from the Congo and Angola. They met on Sundays in spaces called "bins" or "tangos", where they performed dances. After independence was replaced by "African Societies", controlled by the State, which raised funds to purchase the freedom of slaves, made loans, organized masses for the ancestors, and performed dances that recreated the bonds of community. Among these societies, the Benguela, Angola and the Cabinda had Angolan origin. [3] Were thousands the Angolans arrived in Argentina. [4]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Angola</span> Country on the west coast of Southern Africa

Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country on the west-central coast of Southern Africa. It is the second-largest Lusophone (Portuguese-speaking) country in both total area and population and is the seventh-largest country in Africa. It is bordered by Namibia to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Zambia to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Angola has an exclave province, the province of Cabinda, that borders the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The capital and most populous city is Luanda.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Argentina</span>

This is a demography of Argentina including population density, ethnicity, economic status and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Culture of Angola</span>

The culture of Angola is influenced by the Portuguese. Portugal occupied the coastal enclave Luanda, and later also Benguela, since the 16th/17th centuries, and expanded into the territory of what is now Angola in the 19th/20th centuries, ruling it until 1975. Both countries share prevailing cultural aspects: the Portuguese language and Roman Catholicism. However, present-day Angolan culture is mostly native Bantu, which was mixed with Portuguese culture. The diverse ethnic communities with their own cultural traits, traditions and native languages or dialects include the Ovimbundu, Ambundu, Bakongo, Chokwe, Avambo and other peoples.

<i>Candombe</i> Style of music and dance from Uruguay

Candombe is a style of music and dance that originated in Uruguay among the descendants of liberated African slaves. In 2009, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) inscribed candombe in its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Immigration to Argentina</span>

The history of immigration to Argentina can be divided into several major stages:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ethnic groups of Argentina</span>

Argentina has a racially and ethnically diverse population. The territory of what today is Argentina was first inhabited by numerous indigenous peoples. The first white settlers came during the period of Spanish colonization, beginning in the 16th century. The Spaniards imported African slaves, who would go on to become the first Afro-Argentines. Following independence from Spain in the 19th century and well into the 20th century, numerous migration waves took place, with Argentina being the second most popular destination for migrants in the early 20th century, after the United States. Most of these migrants came from Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rail transport in Angola</span>

Rail transport in Angola consists of three separate Cape gauge lines that do not connect: the northern Luanda Railway, the central Benguela Railway, and the southern Moçâmedes Railway. The lines each connect the Atlantic coast to the interior of the country. A fourth system once linked Gunza and Gabala but is no longer operational.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afro-Argentines</span> Argentines of Sub-Saharan African descent

Afro-Argentines, also known as Black Argentines, are Argentines who have predominantly or total Sub-Saharan African ancestry. The Afro-Argentine population is the result of people being brought over during the transatlantic slave trade during the centuries of Spanish domination in the region and immigration.

The colonial history of Angola is usually considered to run from the appearance of the Portuguese under Diogo Cão in 1482 (Congo) or 1484 until the independence of Angola in November 1975. Settlement did not begin until Novais's establishment of São Paulo de Loanda (Luanda) in 1575, however, and the Portuguese government only formally incorporated Angola as a colony in 1655 or on May 12, 1886.

The Morenada is an Andean folk dance whose origins are still under debate. This dance is practiced mainly in Bolivia as well as in Peru and in recent years with Bolivian immigration in Chile, Argentina and other countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of Angola</span> Country in southern Africa

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Angola:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indigenous peoples in Argentina</span> Indigenous peoples

Native Argentines, also known as Indigenous Argentines, are Argentines who have predominant or total ancestry from one of the 39 groups of indigenous peoples officially recognized by the national government. As of the 2022 census [INDEC], some 1,306,730 Argentines self-identify as indigenous or first-generation descendants of indigenous peoples.

Angolan Americans are an ethnic group of Americans of Angolan descent or Angolan immigrants. According to estimates, by the year 2000 there were 1,642 people descended from Angolan immigrants in the United States. However, the number of Angolan Americans is difficult to determine. Many African-Americans are descendants of Angolan enslaved people. In 1644, most of the 6,900 slaves bought on the African coast to clear the forests, lay roads, build houses and public buildings, and grow food came from the established stations in Angola.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afro-Panamanians</span> Racial or ethnic group in Panama with African ancestry

Afro-Panamanians are Panamanians of African descent. The population can be mainly broken into two categories: "Afro-Colonials", those descended from slaves brought to Panama during the colonial period; and "Afro-Antilleans", West Indian immigrant descendants with origins in Trinidad, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Grenada, Haiti, Belize, Barbados, and Jamaica, whose ancestors were brought in to build the Panama Canal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afro-Chileans</span> Ethnic group in Chile

Afro-Chileans are Chilean people of African descent. They may be descendants of slaves who were brought to Chile via the trans-Atlantic slave trade, or recent migrants from other parts of Latin America, the Caribbean or Africa.

The history of Afro-Brazilian people spans over five centuries of racial interaction between Africans imported, involved or descended from the effects of the Atlantic slave trade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portuguese Angola</span> 1575–1975 Portuguese possession in West Africa

In southwestern Africa, Portuguese Angola was a historical colony of the Portuguese Empire (1575–1951), the overseas province Portuguese West Africa of Estado Novo Portugal (1951–1972), and the State of Angola of the Portuguese Empire (1972–1975). It became the independent People's Republic of Angola in 1975.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Argentines</span> People of the country of Argentina or who identify as culturally Argentine

Argentines are the people identified with the country of Argentina. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Argentines, several of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their being Argentine. In the past the demonym for citizens of Argentina was mistakenly translated as Argentinians, a term that is no longer considered accurate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White Argentines</span> Ethnic group

White Argentines, also known as Caucasian Argentines, are Argentines who have predominantly or total European or West Asian ancestry, these stand out for having light or olive skin. The vast majority of White Argentines have ancestry from immigrants who arrived in the early 20th century and later years although some have ancestry from the first colonizers. White Argentines are currently the largest group in Argentina.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afro-Guatemalans</span> Ethnic group

An Afro-Guatemalan person is a person who lives in Guatemala, but has African ancestry in their historical and cultural roots. This term intertwines the conquest of America by the Spanish. The Afro-Guatemalan population is not numerous today. Although it is difficult to determine specific figures, it is reported that Afro-Guatemalans represent only between 1% and 2% of the country's population. According to the Council on Hemispheric Affairs. They are of mainly English-speaking West Indian (Antillean) and Garifuna origin. They are found in the Caribbean coast, in Livingston, Puerto Barrios and Santo Tomas. In the 17th century, many enslaved blacks were able to secure for themselves or at least their future children through marriage to free people. Many of these marriages were with Mayans or Europeans, which created a mix between blacks, Mayans and Europeans. This resulted in a significant mestizo population that, over the years, has continued to dilute traces of African ancestry in many cases. Today this can be referred to as Afro-mestizos due to miscegenation.

References

  1. "Censo 2022" [Census 2022]. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, República Argentina. INDEC. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
  2. Africans and their influence on the population of Argentina. Posted by Julian Caceres Freyre.
  3. Página 12: EL PAIS › SOBRE LAS RELACIONES ENTRE ARGENTINA Y ANGOLA. Los prejuicios de los civilizados (In Spanish:12: THE COUNTRY> ON RELATIONS BETWEEN ARGENTINA AND ANGOLA. The prejudices of the civilized). Posted by Gabriel Di Meglio
  4. Educar Argentina. Pasado y presente de los Negros en Buenos Aires Archived May 16, 2009, at the Wayback Machine (In Spanish: Past and present of Blacks in Buenos Aires). Buenos Aires, October 1997. Posted by JUAN CARLOS CORIA.