Venezolano-argentinos (Spanish) | |
---|---|
Total population | |
161,495 (by birth, 2022) [1] 272,000 (by ancestry, 2022) [2] 0.6% of the Argentine population | |
Regions with significant populations | |
Predominantly the Greater Buenos Aires, [3] Córdoba, [4] and Santa Fe [5] [6] | |
Languages | |
Religion | |
Roman Catholicism | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Venezuelans Venezuelan Uruguayans · Venezuelan Brazilians · Venezuelan Americans |
Venezuelan Argentines (Spanish : venezolano-argentinos) are Argentine citizens of predominantly or total Venezuelan descent, or Venezuelan citizens who have migrated to and settled in Argentina. As of 2022, there are 272,000 Venezuelans living in Argentina, [7] [2] most of whom migrated during the latter half of the 2010s as part of the Venezuelan refugee crisis. [3] [8] The last census held in Argentina, in 2010, registered only 6,000 Venezuelan migrants living in the country. [9]
As of 2018, Venezuelans were the fourth-largest expat community in Argentina, behind Paraguayans, Bolivians and Chileans. [10] According to IOM figures, Argentina granted 170,223 residency permits to Venezuelan citizens alone from 2018 to 2020, nearly twice as many as to Paraguayan citizens. [11] This makes Venezuelans the fastest-growing expat community in the country. [12] [13]
The Venezuelan community in Argentina has grown considerably since 2015 due to a number of factors, most notably, the ongoing socioeconomic crisis experienced by the Caribbean country. [9] Despite the geographical distance between the two countries (there are 1920 miles between Venezuela's southernmost city and Argentina's northernmost), Argentina's lax migration laws have made the country a major destination for Venezuelans. [13] [14]
According to a 2019 IOM report studying Venezuelan migrants in Buenos Aires, 80.4% of respondents had jobs at the time the study was conducted (August–September 2019): 55% as employees and 25.4% as independent workers; 15.6% were unemployed. Around 70% of the surveyed migrants counted with a monthly salary ranging between Argentina's mandated minimum wage and twice that amount. By business sector, 43% were active in commerce, 26% in transport (taxi cabs and mobility apps and services such as Uber), 6% in health, and 3% in IT. Nearly 71% of the surveyed migrants worked in the informal economy, while 29% worked in registered jobs. [15]
The Venezuelan diaspora in Argentina has been politically active, being overwhelmingly supportive for Argentina’s far-right president, elected in 2023, Javier Milei. [16]
Tequeño is a fried spear of wheat dough stuffed with semi-hard queso blanco, and is a popular meal or snack in Venezuela. To prepare it, the dough is wrapped around a cheesestick, formed into a breadstick and then fried or sometimes oven-baked. Tequeños can be eaten for breakfast, as an appetizer, or as a snack at parties and weddings. October 21 is the International Tequeño Day, and it was declared a cultural heritage of Venezuela on April 20 2023.
Asian Argentines, are Argentine citizens or residents of Asian ancestry. The vast majority trace their ancestry to West Asia, primarily from Lebanon and Syria, and East Asia, from China and Japan. However, there are other communities of South Asian or Southeast Asian origin as well. Asian Argentines settled in Argentina in large numbers during several waves of immigration in the 20th century.
Venezuelans are the citizens identified with the country of Venezuela. This connection may be through citizenship, descent or cultural. For most Venezuelans, many or all of these connections exist and are the source of their Venezuelan citizenship or their bond to Venezuela.
The Venezuelan refugee crisis, the largest recorded refugee crisis in the Americas, refers to the emigration of millions of Venezuelans from their native country during the presidencies of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro since the Bolivarian Revolution. The revolution was an attempt by Chávez and later Maduro to establish a cultural and political hegemony, which culminated in the crisis in Venezuela. The resulting refugee crisis has been compared to those faced by Cuban exiles, Syrian refugees and those affected by the European migrant crisis. The Bolivarian government has denied any migratory crisis, stating that the United Nations and others are attempting to justify foreign intervention within Venezuela.
The Venezuelan diaspora refers to Venezuelan citizens living outside Venezuela. In times of economic and political crisis since the 2010s, Venezuelans have often fled to other countries in the Americas and beyond to establish a more sustainable life.
Javier Enrique Cárdenas Escalona, better known as Javicoro, is a Venezuelan YouTuber, blogger, reporter, podcaster and activist for the rights of immigrants, goodwill Ambassador for International Organization for Migration (IOM). and member of the Non-profit Civil Association. "Alliance for Venezuela"
An investigation by the International Criminal Court (ICC) to analyze possible crimes against humanity committed in Venezuela was opened in 2021. A preliminary examination was initially opened in 2006, and closed after concluding that the requirements to start an investigation had not been met. In February 2018, the ICC announced that it would open preliminary probes into alleged crimes against humanity performed by Venezuelan authorities since at least April 2017. In 2020, the Office of the Prosecutor of the ICC stated that it believed there was a "reasonable basis" to believe that "since at least April 2017, civilian authorities, members of the armed forces and pro-government individuals have committed the crimes against humanity", and on 2021 ICC Prosecutor Karim Khan announced the opening of an investigation regarding the situation in the country.
Lejos de casa: éxodo venezolano is a 2020 Venezuelan drama film directed by Abner Ramirez. The film is about the Venezuelan diaspora during the crisis in Venezuela, including the young people that leave the country looking for a better future.
Un Mundo Sin Mordaza is a Venezuelan non-governmental organization founded in 2009, whose stated mission is denouncing attacks on freedom of expression and human rights violations. The organization has global volunteers who coordinate campaigns that use music, art and culture to promote human rights and democratic values, as well as raise awareness about the complex humanitarian emergency (CHE) in Venezuela. The organization trains and educates human rights activists worldwide, while also supporting initiatives of documentation of fundamental rights violation in Venezuela.
Venezuelan Paraguayans consist of Venezuelan migrants and their descendants residing in Paraguay. Among all the South American countries, Paraguay has one of the smallest number of migrants from Venezuela, with the number of documented Venezuelan migrants standing at 3,818.
Betilde Muñoz-Pogossian is a Venezuelan political scientist and international affairs official. She has worked as a director and election observer at the Organization of American States (OAS), including as Director of the Department for Electoral Cooperation and Observation from 2011 to 2014 and then as Director of the Department of Social Inclusion.
Diplomatic relations between the Argentine Republic and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela have existed for decades.
Alfredo Romero Mendoza is a Venezuelan lawyer, human rights activist and executive director of the non-governmental organization Foro Penal. He received the Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award in 2017.
In 2021, Tarapacá Region in northern Chile saw an unprecedented movement of foreign migrants into its territory. The Altiplano town of Colchane along the border with Bolivia has been the irregular point of entry of an estimate of 18,000 Venezuelan migrants and about 3,000 Bolivian migrants up to September.
The Quito Process is the definition given to a group of Latin American countries to respond to the Venezuelan migration crisis, this multilateral instance was established after the so-called Quito Declaration, officially called "Declaration of Quito on human mobility of Venezuelan citizens in the region", on 4 September 2018 in the homonymous capital, where representatives of 13 countries met with the aim of exchanging information and articulate regional coordination to the Venezuelan refugee crisis. On 23 November 2018, the Quito Plan was signed, which included deepening the mechanisms of Venezuelan migration, international financial cooperation and the articulation with international agencies. A third meeting was held on 8 and 9 April 2019.
Colombian Argentines are Argentine citizens of partial or full Colombian descent, or Colombian citizens who have migrated to and settled in Argentina. As of 2023, there were 119,000 Colombians living in Argentina, most of whom migrated during the 2010s.
Peru–Venezuela relations was the bilateral relations between Peru and Venezuela. Both countries were members of the Spanish Empire, and are members of the Latin American Integration Association, Organization of American States and United Nations.