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Hispanic and Latino Americans |
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Venezuelan Americans (Spanish : venezolano-estadounidenses, venezolano-americanos, or estadounidenses de origen venezolano) are Americans who trace their heritage, or part of their heritage, to the nation of Venezuela. The word may refer to someone born in the U.S. of Venezuelan descent or to someone who has immigrated to the U.S. from Venezuela.
Venezuelan Americans are one of 20 Latin American groups in the United States. Venezuela's diverse culture includes influences from Spanish, Portuguese, Italians, Germans, Dutch and the French, along with influences from African and Indigenous elements.
Venezuelan Spanish is the group's spoken form of the Spanish language.
In the United States, Venezuelans are on top of the list of nationalities requesting asylum. [2]
Until the 20th century, the number of Venezuelans that immigrated to the United States is unknown because they were included in the "Other" category. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, there were many European migrants who went originally to Venezuela, but later moved to the United States with their children and grandchildren who were born and/or grew up in Venezuela speaking Spanish. From 1910 to 1930, it is estimated that over 4,000 South Americans each year migrated to the United States. However, there are not many specific figures that indicate the number of Venezuelans among the 4,000. [3]
Many Venezuelans settled in the United States with hopes of receiving a better education, only to remain there following graduation. Many Venezuelans who have relatives living in the United States also immigrated to this country. However, since the 1980s, the reasons for Venezuelan immigration have changed to include hopes of earning a better salary. [3] In the 1990s and continuing up to the present, many Venezuelans opposing the regime of presidents Hugo Chavez and Nicolás Maduro have migrated to the United States (mostly to Florida, but Texas and Utah are other destinations).
Due to economic turmoil and crime in Venezuela, there is an ongoing migration wave to the United States and its neighboring countries. [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] and currently as of the early 2020s, Venezuelans make up the majority of undocumented immigrants coming into the country, many going to cities such as New York, Chicago, Denver and Washington, D.C. [9] [10] [11]
The largest concentration of Venezuelans in the United States is in South Florida, especially the Miami suburbs of Doral and Weston. Other main states with Venezuelan American populations are, according to the 2010 census, followed by Texas second, New York, California, New Jersey, Georgia and Virginia. Urban areas with a large Venezuelan community include Miami, Houston, New York City, Los Angeles, Salt Lake City and Washington, D.C. [3]
State | Venezuelan Population (2022 ACS) [12] [13] [14] | Percent |
---|---|---|
Alabama | 1,759 | 0.0% |
Alaska | 309 | 0.0% |
Arizona | 4,625 | 0.1% |
Arkansas | 2,214 | 0.1% |
California | 29,345 | 0.1% |
Colorado | 9,587 | 0.2% |
Connecticut | 7,651 | 0.2% |
Delaware | 139 | 0.0% |
District of Columbia | 1,808 | 0.3% |
Florida | 380,972 | 1.7% |
Georgia | 33,227 | 0.3% |
Hawaii | 1,750 | 0.1% |
Idaho | 2,999 | 0.2% |
Illinois | 16,730 | 0.1% |
Indiana | 7,673 | 0.1% |
Iowa | 582 | 0.0% |
Kansas | 2,854 | 0.1% |
Kentucky | 2,245 | 0.1% |
Louisiana | 1,991 | 0.0% |
Maine | 345 | 0.0% |
Maryland | 7,891 | 0.1% |
Massachusetts | 7,266 | 0.1% |
Michigan | 3,705 | 0.0% |
Minnesota | 4,139 | 0.1% |
Mississippi | 560 | 0.0% |
Missouri | 1,611 | 0.2% |
Montana | 248 | 0.0% |
Nebraska | 1,586 | 0.1% |
Nevada | 2,597 | 0.1% |
New Hampshire | 781 | 0.1% |
New Jersey | 15,566 | 0.2% |
New Mexico | 2,142 | 0.1% |
New York | 28,590 | 0.2% |
North Carolina | 18,389 | 0.2% |
North Dakota | 11 | 0.0% |
Ohio | 8,388 | 0.1% |
Oklahoma | 3,981 | 0.1% |
Oregon | 2,475 | 0.1% |
Pennsylvania | 12,931 | 0.1% |
Rhode Island | 2,378 | 0.2% |
South Carolina | 5,443 | 0.1% |
South Dakota | 53 | 0.0% |
Tennessee | 11,789 | 0.2% |
Texas | 122,038 | 0.4% |
Utah | 18,326 | 0.5% |
Vermont | 346 | 0.1% |
Virginia | 12,400 | 0.1% |
Washington | 5,150 | 0.1% |
West Virginia | 261 | 0.0% |
Wisconsin | 3,726 | 0.0% |
Wyoming | 403 | 0.1% |
Total U.S. Venezuelan Population | 814,080 | 0.2% |
The largest populations of Venezuelans are situated in the following metropolitan areas (Source: 2021 estimate): [15]
The 10 states with the largest Venezuelan population were (Source: Census 2020 [12] ):
Among U.S. communities in 2000 wherein one thousand or more people indicated their ancestry, those where at least 1% of people claimed Venezuelan ancestry were: [16]
The top 25 U.S. communities with the most residents born in Venezuela are:[ citation needed ]
The Venezuelan American population represents Venezuela's ethnic variety. Some 40 percent of Venezuelan immigrants are a mixture of European, Indigenous, and African ancestry. The rest are 56 percent white, 2 percent black and 2 percent is Indigenous. Most Venezuelan Americans are descendants of Spanish (mainly), Italians, Portuguese, Germans, Jews, Syrians and Chinese. [17]
The Venezuelan American population are highly educated. The people obtain bachelor's, graduate, and professional degrees at nearly double (48.5%) the total U.S. national percentage (27%), while only 6% of the group's adults did not complete high school, compared to 15.9% of the total U.S. national population. [18]
Venezuelan Americans still maintain strong relations with their country of origin, which can easily be seen in business, family, and community life. Venezuelan Americans often report on the social and current events in Venezuela and first-generation immigrants visit there frequently. It is also quite common for Venezuelans to visit their relatives in the United States. [3]
Doral is a city in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. One of 34 municipalities in the county, it is located 5 miles (8 km) west of Miami International Airport and 13 miles (21 km) west of Downtown Miami. Doral occupies 15 square miles (39 km2) bordered on the west by the Ronald Reagan Turnpike and the Florida Everglades, on the north by the town of Medley, on the east by the Palmetto Expressway and on the south by the Dolphin Expressway and the city of Sweetwater. The city is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. As of the 2020 census, Doral had a population of 75,874, up from 45,704 in 2010.
Medley is a town in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The town is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. As of the 2020 US census, the population was at 1,056 residents.
Westchester is a census-designated place (CDP) and neighborhood in Miami-Dade County, Florida. It is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. Prior to the 2020 U.S. Census, the neighboring University Park CDP was merged into Westchester CDP, effectively doubling its geography and population. Per the 2020 census, the population was 56,384.
Belle Glade is a city in south-central Florida and it is the far western part of Palm Beach County, Florida, United States, on the southeastern shore of Lake Okeechobee. It is part of the Miami metropolitan area of South Florida. According to the 2020 U.S. Census, the city had a population of 16,698, down from 17,467 in the 2010 census.
The Miami metropolitan area is a coastal metropolitan area in southeastern Florida. It is the ninth-largest metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in the United States, the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the Southern United States, and the largest metropolitan area in Florida. It is also known as South Florida, SoFlo, SoFla, the Gold Coast, Southeast Florida, the Tri-County Area, or Greater Miami, and officially as the Miami–Fort Lauderdale–West Palm Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area. With a population of 6.18 million, its population exceeds 31 of the nation's 50 states as of 2023. It comprises the three most populated counties in the state, Miami-Dade County, Broward County, and Palm Beach County, which rank as the first, second, and third-most populous counties in the state, respectively. Miami-Dade County, with 2,701,767 people in 2020, is the seventh-most populous county in the United States.
Cuban Americans are Americans who immigrated from or are descended from immigrants from Cuba, regardless of racial or ethnic origin. As of 2023, Cuban Americans were the fourth largest Hispanic and Latino American group in the United States after Mexican Americans, Stateside Puerto Ricans and Salvadoran Americans.
Dominican Americans are Americans who trace their ancestry to the Dominican Republic. The phrase may refer to someone born in the United States of Dominican descent or to someone who has migrated to the United States from the Dominican Republic. As of 2021, there were approximately 2.4 million people of Dominican descent in the United States, including both native and foreign-born. They are the second largest Hispanic group in the Northeastern region of the United States after Puerto Ricans, and the fifth-largest Hispanic/Latino group nationwide.
Haitian Americans are a group of Americans of full or partial Haitian origin or descent. The largest proportion of Haitians in the United States live in Little Haiti to the South Florida area. In addition, they have settled in major Northeast cities such as New York City, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington, D.C., and in Chicago and Detroit in the Midwest. Most are immigrants or their descendants from the mid-late 20th-century migrations to the United States. Haitian Americans represent the largest group within the Haitian diaspora.
Colombian Americans, are Americans who have Colombian ancestry. The word may refer to someone born in the United States of full or partial Colombian descent or to someone who has immigrated to the United States from Colombia. Colombian Americans are the largest South American Hispanic group in the United States.
Stateside Puerto Ricans, also ambiguously known as Puerto Rican Americans, or Puerto Ricans in the United States, are Puerto Ricans who are in the United States proper of the 50 states and the District of Columbia who were born in or trace any family ancestry to the unincorporated US territory of Puerto Rico.
Chilean Americans are Americans who have full or partial origin from Chile.
Jamaican Americans are an ethnic group of Caribbean Americans who have full or partial Jamaican ancestry. The largest proportions of Jamaican Americans live in South Florida and New York City, both of which have been home to large Jamaican communities since the 1950s and the 1960s. There are also communities of Jamaican Americans residing in Connecticut, Georgia, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Massachusetts, and California.
Argentine Americans are Americans whose full or partial origin hails from Argentina.
A Nicaraguan American is an American of Nicaraguan descent. They are also referred to as "nica" or "nicoya".
Ecuadorian Americans are Americans of full or partial Ecuadorian ancestry. Ecuadorian Americans are the 9th largest Latin American group in the United States.
Guatemalan Americans are Americans of full or partial Guatemalan descent. The Guatemalan American population at the 2010 Census was 1,044,209. Guatemalans are the sixth largest Hispanic group in the United States and the second largest Central American population after Salvadorans. Half of the Guatemalan population is situated in two parts of the country, the Northeast and Southern California.
Panamanian Americans are Americans of Panamanian descent.
Paraguayan Americans are Americans of Paraguayan descent.
Miami-Dade County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Florida. The county had a population of 2,701,767 as of the 2020 census, making it the most populous county in Florida and the seventh-most populous county in the United States. It is Florida's third largest county in terms of land area with 1,946 square miles (5,040 km2). The county seat is Miami, the core of the nation's ninth-largest and world's 65th-largest metropolitan area with a 2020 population of 6.138 million people, exceeding the population of 31 of the nation's 50 states as of 2022.
The Venezuelan refugee crisis, the largest recorded refugee crisis in the Americas, refers to the emigration of millions of Venezuelans from their native country during the presidencies of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro since the Bolivarian Revolution. The revolution was an attempt by Chávez and later Maduro to establish a cultural and political hegemony, which culminated in the crisis in Venezuela. The resulting refugee crisis has been compared to those faced by Cuban exiles, Syrian refugees and those affected by the European migrant crisis. The Bolivarian government has denied any migratory crisis, stating that the United Nations and others are attempting to justify foreign intervention within Venezuela.