African diaspora in the Americas

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African diaspora in the Americas
Regions with significant populations
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 46,936,733 [1]
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 20,656,458 [2]
Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti 10,896,000 [3]
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia 4,944,400 [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 2,576,213 [9]
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica 2,531,000 [10]
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic 1,704,000 [11] [12]
Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 1,258,915 [13]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 1,198,540 [14]
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba 1,034,044 [15]
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela 936,770 [16] [17]
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru 828,824 [18]
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador 814,468 [19]
Flag of Puerto Rico.svg  Puerto Rico 574,287 [20]
Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua 572,000 [21]
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago 452,536 [22]
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas 324,000 [23]
Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados 280,000 [24]
Flag-of-Martinique.svg  Martinique 273,985
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay 255,074 [25]
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana 227,062 [26]
Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname 202,500 [27]
Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras 191,000 [28] [29]
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 149,493 [30] [31] [32]
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia 142,000 [33]
Flag of Belize.svg  Belize 108,000 [34]
Languages
English, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Haitian Creole, Martinican Creole, Papiamento, Dutch
Religion
Christianity, Rastafari, Afro-American religions, Traditional African religions, Islam, others
Related ethnic groups
African diaspora, Maroons

The African diaspora in the Americas refers to the people born in the Americas with partial, predominant, or complete sub-Saharan African ancestry. Many are descendants of persons enslaved in Africa and transferred to the Americas by Europeans, then forced to work mostly in European-owned mines and plantations, between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. Significant groups have been established in the United States (African Americans), in Canada (Black Canadians), in the Caribbean (Afro-Caribbean), and in Latin America (Afro-Latin Americans).

Contents

History

After the United States achieved independence, next came the independence of Haiti, a country populated almost entirely by people of African descent and the second American colony to win its independence from European colonial powers. After the process of independence, many countries have encouraged European immigration to America, thus reducing the proportion of black and mulatto population throughout the country: Brazil, the United States, and the Dominican Republic. Miscegenation and more flexible concepts of race have also reduced the overall population identifying as black in Latin America, whereas the one-drop rule in the United States has had the opposite effect. [35]

From 21 to 25 November 1995, the Continental Congress of Black Peoples of the Americas was held. Black people still face discrimination in most parts of the continent. According to David D.E. Ferrari, vice president of the World Bank for the Region of Latin America and the Caribbean, black people have lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, more frequent and more widespread diseases, higher rates of illiteracy and lower income than Americans of different ethnic origin. Women, also the subjects of gender discrimination, suffer worse living conditions.

On 4 November 2008, the first black U.S. president, Barack Obama, won 52% of the vote. His father was from Kenya and his mother was from Kansas. [36]

Distribution

Black population by country

Country% Black African% Mixed Black African
Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti [3] 95%~5%
Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  Saint Kitts and Nevis 92.5%3%
Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados [24] 92.4%3.1%
Flag-of-Martinique.svg  Martinique
92.4%
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica [10] 92.1%6.1%
Flag of Curacao.svg  Curaçao
91.8%
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  The Bahamas [23] 90.6%2.1%
Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg Turks and Caicos 87.6%2.5%
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg  Antigua and Barbuda 87.3%4.7%
Flag of Montserrat.svg  Montserrat 86.2%4.8%
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia [33] 85.3%10.9%
Flag of Anguilla.svg  Anguilla 85.3%3.8%
Flag of Dominica.svg  Dominica 84.7%9%
Flag of Grenada.svg  Grenada 82.4%13.3%
Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg  British Virgin Islands 76.3%5.4%
Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg U.S. Virgin Islands 76%2.1%
Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg Vincent and the Grenadines 71.2%23%
Flag of France.svg  French Guiana [37]
66%
Flag of Bermuda.svg  Bermuda 52%9%
Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname [27]
37.4%
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana [26] 30.2%16.7%
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago 34.2% [38] 22.8% [22]
Flag of Panama.svg  Panama [13]
32.8%
Flag of Belize.svg  Belize [34] 25.6%6.1%
Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg  Cayman Islands 20%40%
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic [11] 15.8%70.4%
Flag of Aruba.svg  Aruba
15%
Flag of the United States.svg  United States [1] 12.4%1.8%
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 10.2%45.3%
Flag of France.svg  Guadeloupe 10%76.7%
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba 9.3%26.6%
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia [39] 9.34%15.44%
Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua
9%
Flag of Puerto Rico.svg  Puerto Rico [20] 7%10.5%
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador
4.8%
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay [25] 4.6%3.2%
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
4.26%
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela [16] 3.6%51.6%
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru [18]
3.6%
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico
2.04%
Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras [28] [29]
2%
Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica [40] 1.1%6.7%
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina
0.37%
Flag of Guatemala.svg  Guatemala
0.3%
Flag of Bolivia.svg  Bolivia
0.2%
Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador
0.13%
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay
0.13%
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile
0.06%

Black population by region according to the censuses

RegionPercentageTotal populationCountryYear
Flag of Washington, D.C.svg  District of Columbia 41.45%285,810Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Mississippi.svg  Mississippi 36.62%1,084,481Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Louisiana.svg  Louisiana 31.43%1,464,023Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Georgia (U.S. state).svg Georgia 31.00%3,320,513Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Maryland.svg  Maryland 29.47%1,820,472Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Alabama.svg  Alabama 25.80%1,296,162Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of South Carolina.svg  South Carolina 25.02%1,280,531Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira da Bahia.svg  Bahia 22.38%3,164,691Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Delaware.svg  Delaware 22.11%218,899Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of North Carolina.svg  North Carolina 20.50%2,140,217Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Virginia.svg  Virginia 18.62%1,607,581Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do estado do Rio de Janeiro.svg  Rio de Janeiro 16.16%2,594,253Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Tennessee.svg  Tennessee 15.81%1,092,948Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Florida.svg  Florida 15.07%3,246,381Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Arkansas.svg  Arkansas 15.07%453,783Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of New York.svg  New York 14.78%2,986,172Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Illinois.svg  Illinois 14.11%1,808,271Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Michigan.svg  Michigan 13.66%1,376,579Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do Tocantins.svg  Tocantins 13.19%199,394Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of New Jersey.svg  New Jersey 13.13%1,219,770Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira de Sergipe.svg  Sergipe 12.85%283,960Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira do Maranhao.svg  Maranhão 12.61%854,424Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Ohio.svg  Ohio 12.53%1,478,781Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do Piaui.svg  Piauí 12.25%400,662Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Texas.svg  Texas 12.19%3,552,997Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira de Minas Gerais.svg  Minas Gerais 11.84%2,432,877Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira do Amapa.svg  Amapá 11.81%86,662Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Missouri.svg  Missouri 11.37%699,840Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do Espirito Santo.svg  Espírito Santo 11.21%429,680Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Pennsylvania.svg  Pennsylvania 10.95%1,423,169Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Connecticut.svg  Connecticut 10.78%388,675Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do Distrito Federal (Brasil).svg Federal District 10.71%301,765Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira de Pernambuco.svg  Pernambuco 10.04%909,557Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira de Mato Grosso.svg  Mato Grosso 9.86%360,698Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Nevada.svg  Nevada 9.82%304,739Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do Para.svg  Pará 9.77%793,621Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Indiana.svg  Indiana 9.56%648,513Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira de Alagoas.svg  Alagoas 9.55%298,709Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Goias.svg  Goiás 9.19%648,560Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira do Rio Grande do Norte.svg  Rio Grande do Norte 9.17%302,749Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira de Rondonia.svg  Rondônia 8.65%136,793Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira do Acre.svg  Acre 8.56%71,086Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Kentucky.svg  Kentucky 8.04%362,417Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do estado de Sao Paulo.svg  São Paulo 7.99%3,546,562Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira da Paraiba.svg  Paraíba 7.96%316,572Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira de Roraima.svg  Roraima 7.73%49,195Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Oklahoma.svg  Oklahoma 7.32%289,961Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Massachusetts.svg  Massachusetts 7.03%494,029Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Minnesota.svg  Minnesota 6.98%398,434Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do Ceara.svg  Ceará 6.77%595,694Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira do Rio Grande do Sul.svg  Rio Grande do Sul 6.52%709,837Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Bandeira de Mato Grosso do Sul.svg  Mato Grosso do Sul 6.50%179,101Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Wisconsin.svg  Wisconsin 6.39%376,356Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Kansas.svg  Kansas 5.75%168,809Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Rhode Island.svg  Rhode Island 5.67%62,168Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of California.svg  California 5.66%2,237,044Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do Amazonas.svg  Amazonas 4.91%193,667Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Nebraska.svg  Nebraska 4.92%96,535Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Arizona.svg  Arizona 4.74%339,150Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira do Parana.svg  Paraná 4.24%485,781Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Iowa.svg  Iowa 4.14%131,972Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Colorado.svg  Colorado 4.07%234,828Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandeira de Santa Catarina.svg  Santa Catarina 4.07%309,908Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 2022
Flag of Washington.svg  Washington 3.99%307,565Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of West Virginia.svg  West Virginia 3.67%65,813Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of North Dakota.svg  North Dakota 3.44%26,783Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Alaska.svg  Alaska 2.99%21,898Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of New Mexico.svg  New Mexico 2.17%45,904Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of South Dakota.svg  South Dakota 2.01%17,842Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Oregon.svg  Oregon 1.95%82,655Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Maine.svg  Maine 1.87%25,752Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Hawaii.svg  Hawaii 1.61%23,417Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of New Hampshire.svg  New Hampshire 1.46%20,127Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Vermont.svg  Vermont 1.40%9,034Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandera de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.svg Buenos Aires City 1.31%40,670Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of Utah.svg  Utah 1.22%40,058Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Wyoming.svg  Wyoming 0.92%5,232Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of chubut province in argentina - bandera de chubut.svg  Chubut 0.90%5,302Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Tierra del Fuego.svg  Tierra del Fuego 0.90%1,658Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of Idaho.svg  Idaho 0.86%15,726Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Bandera de la Provincia de Salta.svg  Salta 0.74%10,632Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.svg Buenos Aires 0.74%128,804Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Misiones.svg  Misiones 0.74%9,374Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of Rio Negro Province.svg Río Negro 0.73%5,463Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Santa Cruz.svg  Santa Cruz 0.73%2,446Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of Neuquen province in Argentina.svg  Neuquén 0.71%5,026Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of the Civil Freedom of Argentina.svg  Jujuy 0.69%5,583Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of Entre Rios.svg  Entre Ríos 0.63%8,910Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Corrientes.svg  Corrientes 0.52%6,310Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de La Rioja.svg La Rioja 0.51%1,959Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of Montana.svg  Montana 0.51%5,484Flag of the United States.svg  USA 2020
Flag of Formosa.svg  Formosa 0.49%2,956Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Cordoba 2014.svg  Córdoba 0.48%18,366Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de La Pampa.svg  La Pampa 0.48%1,726Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of Chaco province in Argentina 2007.svg  Chaco 0.48%5,357Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Santa Fe.svg  Santa Fe 0.47%16,560Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Catamarca.svg  Catamarca 0.46%1,965Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Tucuman.svg  Tucumán 0.42%7,172Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Bandera de la Provincia de Mendoza.svg  Mendoza 0.40%8,141Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of Santiago del Estero.svg  Santiago del Estero 0.40%4,211Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of San Luis Province.svg  San Luis 0.35%1,896Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Flag of the San Juan Province.svg  San Juan 0.30%2,449Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 2022
Source: Censuses of American countries. [41] [42] [43]

Notable people of African descent in the Americas

See also

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