Earvin Johnson Jr. was born in Lansing, Michigan, to General Motors assembly worker Earvin Sr. and school janitor Christine.[20] Johnson, who had six siblings and three half-siblings by his father's previous marriage,[21][22][a] was influenced by his parents' strong work ethic. His mother spent many hours after work each night cleaning their home and preparing the next day's meals, while his father did janitorial work at a used car lot and collected garbage, all while never missing a day at General Motors. Johnson would often help his father on the garbage route, and he was teased by neighborhood children who called him "Garbage Man".[24] His mother raised him in the Seventh-day Adventist Church.[25][26]
Johnson came to love basketball as a young man. His favorite basketball player growing up was Bill Russell, whom he admired more for his many championships than his athletic ability.[27] He also idolized players such as Earl Monroe and Marques Haynes,[28] and practiced "all day".[29] Johnson came from an athletic family. His father played high school basketball in his home state of Mississippi,[30] and Johnson learned the finer points about the game from him. Johnson's mother, originally from North Carolina,[30] had also played basketball as a child, and she grew up watching her brothers play the game.[27]
By the time he had reached the eighth grade, Johnson had begun to think about a future in basketball. He had become a dominant junior high player, once scoring 48 points in a game.[22] Johnson looked forward to playing at Sexton High School, a school with a very successful basketball team and history that also happened to be only five blocks from his home. His plans underwent a dramatic change when he learned that he would be bused to the predominantly white Everett High School instead of going to Sexton,[27][31] which was predominantly black.[22][32] Johnson's sister Pearl and brother Larry had bused to Everett the previous year and did not have a pleasant experience. There were incidents of racism, with rocks being thrown at buses carrying black students and white parents refusing to send their children to school. Larry was kicked off the basketball team after a confrontation during practice, prompting him to beg his brother not to play. Johnson did join the basketball team but became angry after several days when his new teammates ignored him during practice, not even passing the ball to him. He nearly got into a fight with another player before head coach George Fox intervened. Eventually, Johnson accepted his situation and the small group of black students looked to him as their leader.[22] When recalling the events in his autobiography, My Life, he talked about how his time at Everett had changed him:
As I look back on it today, I see the whole picture very differently. It's true that I hated missing out on Sexton. And the first few months, I was miserable at Everett. But being bused to Everett turned out to be one of the best things that ever happened to me. It got me out of my own little world and taught me how to understand white people, how to communicate and deal with them.[22]
High school career
Johnson was first dubbed "Magic" at 15, when he recorded a triple-double of 36points, 18rebounds, and 16assists as a sophomore at Everett.[29] After the game, Fred Stabley Jr., a sports writer for the Lansing State Journal, gave him the moniker[33] despite the belief of Johnson's mother, a devout Christian, that the name was sacrilegious.[29] In his final high school season, Johnson led Everett to a 27–1 win–loss record while averaging 28.8points and16.8 rebounds per game,[29] and took his team to an overtime victory in the state championship game.[34] Johnson dedicated the championship victory to his best friend Reggie Chastine, who was killed in a car accident the previous summer.[35] He gave Chastine much of the credit for his development as a basketball player and as a person,[36] saying years later, "I doubted myself back then."[37] Johnson and Chastine were almost always together, playing basketball or riding around in Chastine's car.[24] Upon learning of Chastine's death, Magic ran from his home, crying uncontrollably.[37] Johnson, who finished his high school career with two All-State selections, was considered at the time to be the best high school player ever to come out of Michigan.[35] He was also named to the inaugural McDonald's All-American team, which played in the 1977 Capital Classic.[38][39]
College career
Although Johnson was recruited by several top-ranked colleges such as Indiana and UCLA, he decided to play close to home.[40] His college decision came down to Michigan and Michigan State in East Lansing. He ultimately decided to attend Michigan State when coach Jud Heathcote told him he could play the point guard position. The talent already on Michigan State's roster also drew him to the program.[41]
During the 1978–79 season, Michigan State again qualified for the NCAA tournament, where they advanced to the championship game and faced Indiana State, which was led by senior Larry Bird. In what was the most-watched college basketball game ever,[44] Michigan State defeated Indiana State 75–64, and Johnson was voted Most Outstanding Player of the Final Four.[34] He was selected to the 1978–79 All-American team for his performance that season.[45] After two years in college, during which he averaged 17.1points, 7.6rebounds, and 7.9assists per game, Johnson entered the 1979 NBA draft.[46] Jud Heathcote stepped down as coach of the Spartans after the 1994–95 season, and on June 8, 1995, Johnson returned to the Breslin Center to play in the Jud Heathcote All-Star Tribute Game. He led all scorers with 39 points.[47]
Johnson was drafted first overall in 1979 by the Los Angeles Lakers. Johnson said that what was "most amazing" about joining the Lakers was the chance to play alongside Kareem Abdul-Jabbar,[48] the team's 7ft 2in (2.18m) center who became the leading scorer in NBA history.[49] Despite Abdul-Jabbar's dominance, he had failed to win a championship with the Lakers, and Johnson was expected to help them achieve that goal.[50] Lakers coach Jack McKinney had the 6-foot-9-inch (2.06m) rookie Johnson, who some analysts thought should play forward, be a point guard, even though incumbent Norm Nixon was already one of the best in the league.[51][52] Johnson averaged 18.0points, 7.7rebounds, and 7.3assists per game for the season, was selected to the NBA All-Rookie Team, and was named an NBA All-Star Game starter.[53]
The Lakers compiled a 60–22record in the regular season and reached the 1980 NBA Finals,[54] where they faced the Philadelphia 76ers, who were led by forwardJulius Erving. The Lakers took a 3–2lead in the series, but Abdul-Jabbar, who averaged 33points a game in the series,[55] sprained his ankle in Game 5 and could not play in Game 6.[50] Coach Paul Westhead, who had replaced McKinney early in the season after he had a near-fatal bicycle accident,[51][56] decided to start Johnson at center in Game 6; Johnson recorded 42points, 15rebounds, 7assists, and 3 steals in a 123–107 win, while playing guard, forward, and center at different times during the game.[50] Johnson became the only rookie to win the NBA Finals MVP award,[50] and his clutch performance is still regarded as one of the finest in NBA history.[3][57][58] He also became one of four players to win NCAA and NBA championships in consecutive years.[59]
Ups and downs (1980–1983)
Early in the 1980–81 season, Johnson was sidelined after he suffered torn cartilage in his left knee. He missed 45games,[46] and said that his rehabilitation was the "most down" he had ever felt.[60] Johnson returned before the start of the 1981 playoffs, but the Lakers' then-assistant and future head coach Pat Riley later said Johnson's much-anticipated return made the Lakers a "divided team".[61] The 54-win Lakers faced the 40–42 Houston Rockets in the first round of playoffs,[62][63] where Houston upset the Lakers 2–1 after Johnson airballed a last-second shot in Game 3.[64]
In 1981, after the 1980–81 season, Johnson signed a 25-year, $25million contract with the Lakers (equivalent to $84,000,000in 2023), which was the highest-paying contract in sports history up to that point.[65][66] Early in the 1981–82 season, Johnson had a heated dispute with Westhead, who Johnson said made the Lakers "slow" and "predictable".[67] After Johnson demanded to be traded, Lakers owner Jerry Buss fired Westhead and replaced him with Riley. Although Johnson denied responsibility for Westhead's firing,[68] he was booed across the league, even by Laker fans.[29] Buss was also unhappy with the Lakers' offense and had intended on firing Westhead days before the Westhead–Johnson altercation, but assistant GM Jerry West and GM Bill Sharman had convinced Buss to delay his decision.[69] Despite his off-court troubles, Johnson averaged 18.6points, 9.6rebounds, 9.5assists, and a league-high 2.7steals per game, and was voted a member of the All-NBA Second Team.[46] He also joined Wilt Chamberlain and Oscar Robertson as the only NBA players to tally at least 700points, 700rebounds, and 700assists in the same season.[34] The Lakers advanced through the 1982 playoffs and faced Philadelphia for the second time in three years in the 1982 NBA Finals. After a triple-double from Johnson in Game 6, the Lakers defeated the Sixers 4–2, as Johnson won his second NBA Finals MVP award.[70] During the championship series against the Sixers, Johnson averaged 16.2points on .533shooting, 10.8rebounds, 8.0assists, and 2.5steals per game.[71] Johnson later said that his third season was when the Lakers first became a great team,[72] and he credited their success to Riley.[73]
During the 1982–83 NBA season, Johnson's first of nine consecutive double-double seasons, he averaged 16.8points, 10.5assists, and 8.6rebounds per game, and earned his first All-NBA First Team nomination.[46] The Lakers again reached the Finals, and for a third time faced the Sixers, who featured centerMoses Malone as well as Erving.[74] With Johnson's teammates Nixon, James Worthy, and Bob McAdoo all hobbled by injuries, the Lakers were swept by the Sixers, and Malone was crowned the Finals MVP.[74] In a losing effort against Philadelphia, Johnson averaged 19.0points on .403shooting, 12.5assists, and 7.8rebounds per game.[75]
Prior to Johnson's fifth season, West—who had become the Lakers general manager—traded Nixon to free Johnson from sharing the ball-handling responsibilities.[76] Johnson averaged another double-double season, with 17.6points, 13.1assists, and 7.3rebounds per game.[46] The Lakers reached the Finals for the third year in a row, where Johnson's Lakers and Bird's Celtics met for the first time in the postseason.[77] The Lakers won the first game, and led by two points in Game 2 with 18seconds to go, but after a layup by Gerald Henderson, Johnson failed to get a shot off before the final buzzer sounded, and the Lakers lost 124–121 in overtime.[77] In Game 3, Johnson responded with 21assists in a 137–104 win, but he made several crucial errors late in the contest during Game 4. In the final minute of the game, Johnson had the ball stolen by Celtics center Robert Parish, and then missed two free throws that could have won the game. The Celtics won Game 4 in overtime, and the teams split the next two games. In the decisive Game 7 in Boston, as the Lakers trailed by three points in the final minute, opposing point guard Dennis Johnson stole the ball from Johnson, a play that effectively ended the series.[77] Friends Isiah Thomas and Mark Aguirre consoled him that night, talking until the morning in his Boston hotel room amidst fan celebrations on the street.[78][79] During the Finals, Johnson averaged 18.0points on .560shooting, 13.6assists, and 7.7rebounds per game.[80] Johnson later described the series as "the one championship we should have had but didn't get".[81]
In the 1984–85 regular season, Johnson averaged 18.3points, 12.6assists, and 6.2rebounds per game, and led the Lakers into the 1985 NBA Finals, where they faced the Celtics again. The series started poorly for the Lakers when they allowed an NBA Finals record 148points to the Celtics in a 34-point loss in Game 1.[82] However, Abdul-Jabbar, who was now 38years old, scored 30points and grabbed 17rebounds in Game 2, and his 36points in a Game 5 win were instrumental in establishing a 3–2 lead for Los Angeles.[82] After the Lakers defeated the Celtics in six games, Abdul-Jabbar and Johnson, who averaged 18.3points on .494shooting, 14.0assists, and 6.8rebounds per game in the championship series,[83][84] said the Finals win was the highlight of their careers.[85]
Johnson again averaged a double-double in the 1985–86 NBA season, with 18.8points, 12.6assists, and 5.9rebounds per game.[46] The Lakers advanced to the Western Conference Finals, but were unable to defeat the Houston Rockets, who advanced to the Finals in five games.[86] In the next season, Johnson averaged a career-high of 23.9points, as well as 12.2assists and 6.3rebounds per game,[46] and earned his first regular season MVP award.[87][88] The Lakers met the Celtics for the third time in the NBA Finals, and in Game 4 Johnson hit a last-second hook shot over Celtics big men Parish and Kevin McHale to win the game 107–106.[89] The game-winning shot, which Johnson dubbed his "junior, junior, junior sky-hook",[89] helped Los Angeles defeat Boston in six games. Johnson was awarded his third Finals MVP title after averaging 26.2points on .541shooting, 13.0assists, 8.0rebounds, and 2.33steals per game.[89][90]
Before the 1987–88 NBA season, Lakers coach Pat Riley publicly promised that they would defend the NBA title, even though no team had won consecutive titles since the Celtics did so in the 1969 NBA Finals.[91] Johnson had another productive season with averages of 19.6points, 11.9assists, and 6.2rebounds per game despite missing 10 games with a groin injury.[46] In the 1988 playoffs, the Lakers swept the San Antonio Spurs in 3 games, then survived two 4–3series against the Utah Jazz and Dallas Mavericks to reach the Finals and face Thomas and the Detroit Pistons,[92] who with players such as Bill Laimbeer, John Salley, Vinnie Johnson, and Dennis Rodman were known as the "Bad Boys" for their physical style of play.[93] Johnson and Thomas greeted each other with a kiss on the cheek before the opening tip of Game 1, which they called a display of brotherly love.[79][94][95] After the teams split the first six games, Lakers forward and Finals MVP James Worthy had his first career triple-double of 36points, 16rebounds, and 10assists, and led his team to a 108–105win.[96] Despite not being named MVP, Johnson had a strong championship series, averaging 21.1points on .550shooting, 13assists, and 5.7rebounds per game.[97] It was the fifth and final NBA championship of his career.[98]
In the 1988–89 NBA season, Johnson's 22.5points, 12.8assists, and 7.9rebounds per game[46] earned him his second MVP award,[99] and the Lakers reached the 1989 NBA Finals, in which they again faced the Pistons. However, after Johnson went down with a hamstring injury in Game 2, the Lakers were no match for the Pistons, who swept them 4–0.[100]
Playing without Abdul-Jabbar for the first time, Johnson won his third MVP award[101] after a strong 1989–90 NBA season in which he averaged 22.3points, 11.5assists, and 6.6rebounds per game.[46] However, the Lakers bowed out to the Phoenix Suns in the Western Conference semifinals, which was the Lakers' earliest playoffs elimination in nine years.[102]Mike Dunleavy became the Lakers' head coach in 1990–91, when Johnson had grown to be the league's third-oldest point guard. He had become more powerful and stronger than in his earlier years, but was also slower and less nimble.[103] Under Dunleavy, the offense used more half-court sets, and the team had a renewed emphasis on defense.[104] Johnson performed well during the season, with averages of 19.4points, 12.5assists, and 7rebounds per game, and the Lakers reached the 1991 NBA Finals. There they faced the Chicago Bulls, led by shooting guardMichael Jordan, a five-time scoring champion regarded as the finest player of his era.[105][106] Although the series was portrayed as a matchup between Johnson and Jordan,[107] Bulls forward Scottie Pippen defended effectively against Johnson. Despite two triple-doubles from Johnson during the series, Finals MVP Jordan led his team to a 4–1win.[29] In the last championship series of his career, Johnson averaged 18.6points on .431shooting, 12.4assists, and 8rebounds per game.[108]
HIV announcement and Olympics (1991–1992)
After a physical examination before the 1991–92 NBA season, Johnson discovered that he had tested positive for HIV. In a press conference held on November 7, 1991, Johnson made a public announcement that he would retire immediately.[109] He stated that his wife, Cookie, and their unborn child did not have HIV, and that he would dedicate his life to "battle this deadly disease".[109]
Johnson initially said that he did not know how he contracted the disease,[109] but later acknowledged that it was through having numerous sexual partners during his playing career.[110] He admitted to having "harems of women" and talked openly about his sexual activities because "he was convinced that heterosexuals needed to know that they, too, were at risk".[110] At the time, only a small percentage of HIV-positive American men had contracted it from heterosexual sex,[94][111] and it was initially rumored that Johnson was gay or bisexual, although he denied both.[94] Johnson later accused Isiah Thomas of spreading the rumors, a claim Thomas denied.[79][112]
Johnson's HIV announcement became a major news story in the United States,[111] and in 2004 was named as ESPN's seventh-most memorable moment of the previous 25 years.[109] Many articles praised Johnson as a hero, and the then-U.S. President George H. W. Bush said, "For me, Magic is a hero, a hero for anyone who loves sports."[111]
Despite his retirement, Johnson was voted by fans as a starter for the 1992 NBA All-Star Game at Orlando Arena, although his former teammates Byron Scott and A.C. Green said that Johnson should not play,[113] and several NBA players, including Utah Jazz forward Karl Malone, argued that they would be at risk of contamination if Johnson sustained an open wound while on court.[114] Johnson led the West to a 153–113win and was crowned All-Star MVP after recording 25points, 9assists, and 5rebounds.[115] The game ended after he made a last-minute three-pointer, and players from both teams ran onto the court to congratulate Johnson.[116]
Johnson was chosen to compete in the Barcelona 1992 Summer Olympics for the U.S. national team, dubbed the "Dream Team" because of the NBA stars on the roster.[117] The Dream Team, which along with Johnson included fellow Hall of Famers such as Bird, Michael Jordan, and Charles Barkley, was considered unbeatable.[118] After qualifying for the Olympics with a gold medal at the 1992 Tournament of the Americas,[119] the Dream Team dominated in Olympic competition, winning the gold medal with an 8–0 record, beating their opponents by an average of 43.8 points per game. Johnson averaged 8.0 points per game during the Olympics, and his 5.5 assists per game was second on the team.[118][120] Johnson played infrequently because of knee problems,[121] but he received standing ovations from the crowd, and used the opportunity to inspire HIV-positive people.[42]
Post-Olympics and later life
Before the 1992–93 NBA season, Johnson announced his intention to stage an NBA comeback. After practicing and playing in several pre-season games, he retired again before the start of the regular season, citing controversy over his return sparked by opposition from several active players.[34] In an August 2011 interview, Johnson said that in retrospect he wished that he had never retired after being diagnosed with HIV, saying, "If I knew what I know now, I wouldn't have retired."[122] Johnson said that despite the physical, highly competitive practices and scrimmages leading up to the 1992 Olympics, some of those same teammates still expressed concerns about his return to the NBA. He said that he retired because he "didn't want to hurt the game."[122]
During his retirement, Johnson has written a book on safe sex, run several businesses, worked for NBC as a commentator, and toured Asia, Australia, and New Zealand with a basketball team of former college and NBA players.[29] In 1985, Johnson created "A Midsummer Night's Magic", a yearly charity event which included a celebrity basketball game and a black tie dinner. The proceeds went to the United Negro College Fund, and Johnson held this event for twenty years, ending in 2005. "A Midsummer Night's Magic" eventually came under the umbrella of the Magic Johnson Foundation, which he founded in 1991.[123] The 1992 event, which was the first one held after Johnson's appearance in the 1992 Olympics, raised over $1.3 million for UNCF. Johnson joined Shaquille O'Neal and celebrity coach Spike Lee to lead the blue team to a 147–132 victory over the white team, which was coached by Arsenio Hall.[124][125]
Return to the Lakers as coach and player (1994, 1996)
Johnson returned to the NBA as coach for the Lakers near the end of the 1993–94 NBA season, replacing Randy Pfund, and Bill Bertka, who served as an interim coach for two games.[126][127] Johnson, who took the job at the urging of owner Jerry Buss, admitted "I've always had the desire (to coach) in the back of my mind." He insisted that his health was not an issue, while downplaying questions about returning as a player, saying, "I'm retired. Let's leave it at that."[128] Amid speculation from general manager Jerry West that he may only coach until the end of the season,[128] Johnson took over a team that had a 28–38 record, and won his first game as head coach, a 110–101 victory over the Milwaukee Bucks.[129] He was coaching a team that had five of his former teammates on the roster: Vlade Divac, Elden Campbell, Tony Smith, Kurt Rambis, James Worthy, and Michael Cooper, who was brought in as an assistant coach.[128][130] Johnson, who still had a guaranteed player contract that would pay him $14.6 million during the 1994–95 NBA season, signed a separate contract to coach the team that had no compensation.[128] The Lakers played well initially, winning five of their first six games under Johnson, but after losing the next five games, Johnson announced that he was resigning as coach after the season. The Lakers finished the season on a ten-game losing streak, and Johnson's final record as a head coach was 5–11.[127] Stating that it was never his dream to coach, he chose instead to purchase a 5% share of the team in June 1994.[29]
At the age of 36, Johnson attempted another comeback as a player when he rejoined the Lakers during the 1995–96 NBA season. During his retirement, Johnson began intense workouts to help his fight against HIV, raising his bench press from 135 to 300 pounds, and increasing his weight to 255 pounds.[37] He officially returned to the team on January 29, 1996,[131] and played his first game the following day against the Golden State Warriors. Coming off the bench, Johnson had 19 points, 8 rebounds, and 10 assists to help the Lakers to a 128–118 victory.[132] On February 14, Johnson recorded the final triple-double of his career, when he scored 15 points, along with 10 rebounds and 13 assists in a victory against the Atlanta Hawks.[132] Playing power forward, he averaged 14.6points, 6.9assists, and 5.7rebounds per game in 32games, and finished tied for 12th place with Charles Barkley in voting for the MVP Award.[46][133] The Lakers had a record of 22–10 in the games Johnson played, and he considered his final comeback "a success."[131] While Johnson played well in 1996, there were struggles both on and off the court. Cedric Ceballos, upset over a reduction in his playing time after Johnson's arrival, left the team for several days.[134][135] He missed two games and was stripped of his title as team captain.[136]Nick Van Exel received a seven-game suspension for bumping referee Ron Garretson during a game on April 9. Johnson was publicly critical of Van Exel, saying his actions were "inexcusable."[137] Johnson was himself suspended five days later, when he bumped referee Scott Foster, missing three games. He also missed several games due to a calf injury.[131] Despite these difficulties, the Lakers finished with a record of 53–29 and fourth seed in the NBA Playoffs. Although they were facing the defending NBA champion Houston Rockets, the Lakers had home court advantage in the five-game series. The Lakers played poorly in a Game 1 loss, prompting Johnson to express frustration with his role in coach Del Harris' offense.[138] Johnson led the way to a Game 2 victory with 26 points, but averaged only 7.5 points per game for the remainder of the series, which the Rockets won three games to one.[132]
After the Lakers lost to the Houston Rockets in the first round of the playoffs,[139] Johnson initially expressed a desire to return to the team for the 1996–97 NBA season, but he also talked about joining another team as a free agent, hoping to see more playing time at point guard instead of power forward.[131] A few days later, Johnson changed his mind and retired permanently, saying, "I am going out on my terms, something I couldn't say when I aborted a comeback in 1992."[34][131]
Magic Johnson All-Stars
Determined to play competitive basketball despite being out of the NBA, Johnson formed the Magic Johnson All-Stars, a barnstorming team composed of former NBA and college players. In 1994, Johnson joined with former pros Mark Aguirre, Reggie Theus, John Long, Earl Cureton, Jim Farmer, and Lester Conner, as his team played games in Australia, Israel, South America, Europe, New Zealand, and Japan. They also toured the United States, playing five games against teams from the CBA. In the final game of the CBA series, Johnson had 30 points, 17 rebounds, and 13 assists, leading the All-Stars to a 126–121 victory over the Oklahoma City Cavalry.[140] By the time he returned to the Lakers in 1996, the Magic Johnson All-Stars had amassed a record of 55–0, and Johnson was earning as much as $365,000 per game.[37] Johnson played with the team frequently over the next several years, with possibly the most memorable game occurring in November 2001. At the age of 42, Johnson played with the All-Stars against his alma mater, Michigan State. Although he played in a celebrity game to honor coach Jud Heathcoate in 1995,[47] this was Johnson's first meaningful game played in his hometown of Lansing in 22 years. Playing in front of a sold-out arena, Johnson had a triple-double and played the entire game, but his all-star team lost to the Spartans by two points. Johnson's half-court shot at the buzzer would have won the game, but it fell short.[141][142] On November 1, 2002, Johnson returned to play a second exhibition game against Michigan State. Playing with the Canberra Cannons of Australia's National Basketball League instead of his usual group of players, Johnson's team defeated the Spartans 104–85, as he scored 12 points and had 10 assists and 10 rebounds.[143]
Brief period in Scandinavia
In 1999, Johnson joined the Swedish squad M7 Borås (now known as 'Borås Basket'), and was undefeated in five games with the team.[144][145] Johnson also became a co-owner of the club;[146] however, the project failed after one season and the club was forced into reconstruction.[146] He later joined the Danish team The Great Danes.[146]
Johnson and Bird were first linked as rivals after Johnson's Michigan State Spartans squad defeated Bird's Indiana State Sycamores team in the 1979 NCAA finals. The rivalry continued in the NBA, and reached its climax when Boston and Los Angeles met in three out of four NBA Finals from 1984 to 1987, with the Lakers winning two out of three Finals. Johnson asserted that for him, the 82-game regular season was composed of 80 normal games, and two Lakers–Celtics games. Similarly, Bird admitted that Johnson's daily box score was the first thing he checked in the morning.[116]
Several journalists hypothesized that the Johnson–Bird rivalry was so appealing because it represented many other contrasts, such as the clash between the Lakers and Celtics, between Hollywood flashiness ("Showtime") and Boston/Indiana blue collar grit ("Celtic Pride"), and between blacks and whites.[147][148] The rivalry was also significant because it drew national attention to the faltering NBA. Prior to Johnson and Bird's arrival, the NBA had gone through a decade of declining interest and low TV ratings.[149] With the two future Hall of Famers, the league won a whole generation of new fans,[150] drawing both traditionalist adherents of Bird's dirt court Indiana game and those appreciative of Johnson's public park flair. According to sports journalist Larry Schwartz of ESPN, Johnson and Bird saved the NBA from bankruptcy.[34]
Despite their on-court rivalry, Johnson and Bird became close friends during the filming of a 1984 Converse shoe advertisement that depicted them as enemies.[151][152] Johnson appeared at Bird's retirement ceremony in 1992, and described Bird as a "friend forever";[116] during Johnson's Hall of Fame ceremony, Bird formally inducted his old rival.[150]
In 2009, Johnson and Bird collaborated with journalist Jackie MacMullan on a non-fiction book titled When the Game Was Ours. The book detailed their on-court rivalry and friendship with one another.[153] The following year, HBO developed a documentary about their rivalry titled Magic & Bird: A Courtship of Rivals, which was directed by Ezra Edelman.[154]
Legacy
In 905NBA games, Johnson tallied 17,707points, 6,559rebounds, and 10,141assists, translating to career averages of 19.5points, 7.2rebounds, and 11.2assists per game, the highest assists per game average in NBA history.[46] Johnson shares the single-game playoff record for assists (24),[155] holds the Finals record for assists in a game (21),[155] and has the most playoff assists (2,346).[156] He is the only player to average 12 assists in an NBA Finals series, achieving it six times.[157] He holds the All-Star Game single-game record for assists (22), and the All-Star Game record for career assists (127).[155]
"Magic is head-and-shoulders above everybody else [...] I've never seen [anybody] as good as him."
Johnson introduced a fast-paced style of basketball called "Showtime", described as a mix of "no-look passes off the fast break, pin-point alley-oops from halfcourt, spinning feeds and overhand bullets under the basket through triple teams."[29] Fellow Lakers guard Michael Cooper said, "There have been times when [Johnson] has thrown passes and I wasn't sure where he was going. Then one of our guys catches the ball and scores, and I run back up the floor convinced that he must've thrown it through somebody."[29][34] Johnson could dominate a game without scoring, running the offense and distributing the ball with flair.[157] In the 1982 NBA Finals, he was named the Finals MVP averaging just 16.2 points, the lowest average of any Finals MVP award recipient in the three-point shot era.[157]
Johnson was exceptional because he played point guard despite being 6ft 9in (2.06m), a size reserved normally for frontcourt players.[29] His career 138triple-double games places him third all-time behind Oscar Robertson and Russell Westbrook.[159] Johnson is the only player in NBA Finals history to have triple-doubles in multiple series-clinching games.[157]
For his feats, Johnson was voted as one of the 50 Greatest Players of All Time by the NBA in 1996,[160] and selected to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team in 2021.[161] The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inducted him in 2002.[162] ESPN's SportsCentury ranked Johnson No. 17 in their "50 Greatest Athletes of the 20th Century"[163] In 2006, ESPN.com rated Johnson the greatest point guard of all time, stating, "It could be argued that he's the one player in NBA history who was better than Michael Jordan."[3]Bleacher Report also listed Johnson first in its all-time NBA point guard rankings.[4] In 2022, to commemorate the NBA's 75th anniversary, The Athletic ranked their top 75 players of all time, and named Johnson as the 5th greatest player in NBA history, and the highest ranked point guard.[6] Several of his achievements in individual games have also been named among the top moments in the NBA.[58][164][165] At the 2019 NBA Awards, Johnson received the NBA Lifetime Achievement Award (shared with Bird).[166] In 2022, the NBA began awarding MVPs for the conference finals; the Western Conference Finals MVP trophy is named after Johnson, while the Eastern Conference trophy is named after Bird.[167]
On February 21, 2017, Johnson replaced Jim Buss as the president of basketball operations for the Los Angeles Lakers.[184] Under Johnson, the Lakers sought to acquire multiple star players and cleared existing players, including future All-Star D'Angelo Russell, off of their roster in an attempt to free up room under the league's salary cap. The franchise reached an agreement with free agent LeBron James on a four-year contract in 2018, but efforts to trade for Anthony Davis during the 2018–19 season proved unsuccessful. The Lakers did not reach the playoffs during Johnson's executive tenure.[185] In an impromptu news conference on April 9, 2019, Johnson resigned from the Lakers, citing his desire to return to his role as an NBA ambassador.[185][186][187]
Team ownership
In January 2012, Johnson joined with Guggenheim Partners and Stan Kasten in a bid for ownership of the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team.[188] In March 2012, Johnson's ownership group was announced as the winner of the proceedings to buy the Dodgers.[189] The Johnson-led group, which also includes movie executive Peter Guber, paid $2billion for the Dodgers. Johnson is considered the face of the ownership group while the controlling owner is Mark Walter.[190] The Dodgers won the 2020 and 2024 World Series.[191][192]
Johnson first fathered a son in 1981 when Andre Johnson was born to Melissa Mitchell. Although Andre was raised by his mother, he visited Johnson each summer, and later worked for Magic Johnson Enterprises as a marketing director.[16]
Johnson is a Christian[211] and has said his faith is "the most important thing" in his life.[212]
In 2010, Johnson and then-current and former NBA players such as LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, and Bill Russell, as well as Maya Moore from the WNBA, played a basketball game with President Barack Obama as an exhibition for a group of military troops who had been injured in action. The game was played at a gym inside Fort McNair, and reporters covering the president were not allowed to enter. The basketball game was a part of other festivities organized to celebrate Obama's 49th birthday.[213]
Relationship with Jerry Buss
Johnson had a close relationship with Lakers owner Jerry Buss, whom he saw as a mentor and father figure.[214] Calling Buss his "second father" and "one of [his] best friends", Johnson spent five hours visiting Buss at the hospital just a few months before his 2013 death from cancer. Speaking to media just hours after Buss had died, Johnson was emotional, saying, "Without Dr. Jerry Buss, there is no Magic."[215] Buss acquired the team from Jack Kent Cooke in 1979, shortly before he drafted Johnson with the #1 pick in the 1979 NBA draft. Buss took a special interest in Johnson, introducing him to important Los Angeles business contacts and showing him how the Lakers organization was run, before eventually selling Johnson a stake in the team in 1994.[215] Johnson credits Buss with giving him the business knowledge that enabled him to become part owner of the Los Angeles Dodgers.[215][216]
Buss supported Johnson as he revealed his diagnosis of HIV in 1991, and he never hesitated to keep Johnson close to the organization, bringing him in as part-owner, and even as a coach. Johnson had never seriously considered coaching, but he agreed to take the head coaching position with the Lakers in 1994 at Buss' request. In 1992, Buss had given Johnson a contract that paid him $14 million a year, as payback for all the years he was not the league's highest-paid player. Although Johnson's retirement prior to the 1992–93 NBA season voided this contract, Buss insisted that he still be paid.[215] It was this arrangement that allowed Johnson to coach the team without receiving any additional salary.[128][214] After Johnson ended his coaching stint, Buss sold him a 4% stake in the Lakers for $10 million, and Johnson served as a team executive.[215]
In 1997, his production company Magic Johnson Entertainment signed a deal with Fox.[217] In 1998, Johnson hosted a late night talk show on the Fox network called The Magic Hour, but the show was canceled after two months because of low ratings.[218] Shortly after the cancellation of his talk show, Johnson started a record label. The label, initially called Magic 32 Records, was renamed Magic Johnson Music when Johnson signed a joint venture with MCA in 2000. Magic Johnson Music signed R&B artist Avant as its first act.[219][220] Johnson also co-promotedJanet Jackson's Velvet Rope Tour through his company Magicworks.[221] He has also worked as a motivational speaker,[18] and was an NBA commentator for Turner Network Television for seven years,[222] before becoming a studio analyst for ESPN's NBA Countdown in 2008.[223]
Johnson runs Magic Johnson Enterprises, a conglomerate that has a net worth of $700million;[16] its subsidiaries include Magic Johnson Productions, a promotional company; Magic Johnson Theaters, a nationwide chain of movie theaters; and Magic Johnson Entertainment, a film studio.[224] In addition to these business ventures, Johnson has also created the Magic Card, a pre-paidMasterCard aimed at helping low-income people save money and participate in electronic commerce.[225] In 2006, Johnson created a contract food service with Sodexo USA called Sodexo-Magic.[226][227] In 2004, Johnson and his partner Ken Lombard sold Magic Johnson Theaters to Loews Cineplex Entertainment. The first Magic Johnson Theater located in the Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza, closed in 2010 and re-opened in 2011 as Rave Cinema 15.[228] In 2012, Johnson launched a cable TV network called Aspire, featuring programming targeted at black audiences, similar to networks such as Black Entertainment Television (BET) and TV One.[229]
Johnson began thinking of life after basketball while still playing for the Lakers. He wondered why so many athletes had failed at business, and sought advice. During his seventh season in the NBA, he had a meeting with Michael Ovitz, CEO of Creative Artists Agency. Ovitz encouraged him to start reading business magazines and to use every connection available to him. Johnson learned everything he could about business, often meeting with corporate executives during road trips.[230] Johnson's first foray into business, a high-end sporting goods store named Magic 32,[230] failed after only one year, costing him $200,000.[231] The experience taught him to listen to his customers and find out what products they wanted. Johnson has become a leading voice on how to invest in urban communities, creating redevelopment opportunities in underserved areas, most notably through his movie theaters and his partnership with Starbucks. He went to Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz with the idea that he could successfully open the coffee shops in urban areas. After showing Schultz the tremendous buying power of minorities, Johnson was able to purchase 125 Starbucks stores, which reported higher than average per capita sales.[231] The partnership, called Urban Coffee Opportunities, placed Starbucks in locations such as Detroit, Washington, D.C., Harlem, and the Crenshaw District of Los Angeles. Johnson sold his remaining interest in the stores back to the company in 2010, ending a successful twelve-year partnership.[232][233] He has also made investments in urban real estate through the Canyon-Johnson and Yucaipa-Johnson funds.[234] Another major project is with insurance services company Aon Corp.[235] In 2005–2007, Johnson was a part of a syndicate that bought the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, then the tallest building in Brooklyn, for $71 million and converted the 512-foot high landmark structure from an office building into luxury condominiums.[236][237] According to Forbes, Johnson became a billionaire in 2023.[238]
In 1990, Johnson and Earl Graves Sr. obtained a large interest in the Washington, D.C. PepsiCo bottling operation, making it the company's largest minority-owned facility in the U.S.[239] Johnson became a minority owner of the Lakers in 1994, having reportedly paid more than $10million for part ownership. He also held the title of team vice president.[240] Johnson sold his ownership stake in the Lakers in October 2010 to Patrick Soon-Shiong, a Los Angeles surgeon and professor at UCLA,[241] but continued as an unpaid vice president of the team.[242] In February 2017, Johnson returned to the Lakers as an advisor to Jeanie Buss.[243]
In the wake of the Donald Sterling controversy, limited media reports indicated that Johnson had expressed an interest in purchasing the Los Angeles Clippers franchise.[244]
In 2015, Johnson completed his planned acquisition for a "majority, controlling interest" in EquiTrust Life Insurance Company, which manages $14.5 billion in annuities, life insurance and other financial products.[245]
He is an investor for aXiomatic eSports, the ownership company of Team Liquid.[246]
Politics
In 2003, Johnson met with Nancy Pelosi to discuss federal assistance for those with AIDS.
Johnson was one of the first sports stars to go public about having HIV.[255]AIDS activist Elizabeth Glaser, to whom Johnson had been introduced by a friend,[256] convinced Johnson to go public about his diagnosis.[256][257] "She made me promise before she died that I would become the face of the disease and really go out and help people and educate people about it", Johnson recalled in a 2011 interview with Frontline.[256]
HIV had been associated with intravenous drug users and homosexuals,[258] but Johnson's campaigns sought to show that the risk of infection was not limited to those groups. Johnson stated that his aim was to "help educate all people about what [HIV] is about" and teach others not to "discriminate against people who have HIV and AIDS".[259] Johnson was later criticized by the AIDS community for his decreased involvement in publicizing the spread of the disease.[258][259]
A number of research papers have been written on the "Magic Johnson effect", the effect Johnson's HIV announcement had on various populations, particularly those outside the stereotypes of who got infected with HIV – that is, heterosexuals.[262] Johnson's announcement was a "public-health catalyst", according to a West Virginia University paper,[263] "rapidly correcting the public's understanding of who was at risk of infection".[264] The paper argues there was a "large but temporary increase in the number of AIDS diagnoses for heterosexual men following the announcement" and suggests that, for some of those people, Johnson's announcement "prolonged patients' lifespans as a result of earlier access to medical care".[265] A paper published in AIDS Education and Prevention found that "the announcement by Magic Johnson that he had been infected with HIV was associated with increased concern about HIV and with attitude and behavior changes that would lead to reduced risk".[266]
To prevent his HIV infection from progressing to AIDS, Johnson takes a daily combination of antiretroviral drugs, blocking and containing the virus.[267][268] He has advertised GlaxoSmithKline's drugs,[269] and partnered with Abbott Laboratories to publicize the fight against AIDS in African American communities.[270]
↑ Magic was the fourth of seven children Earvin Sr. and Christine had together.[23]
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↑ Aldridge, Dave (June 2, 1991). "Johnson Not Ready To Pass Mantle; For 9th Time, Lakers Show Magic Touch". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 28, 2015. Retrieved February 15, 2019. But after a slow start under new coach Mike Dunleavy, Los Angeles found out that new weapons and new emphasis on defense could take it to the same place as Showtime did during the 1980s.(subscription required)
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↑ "Magic Johnson to Advise Team Ownership". NBA. February 2, 2017. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved February 2, 2017. The Los Angeles Lakers today announced that Earvin "Magic" Johnson will return to the Lakers to assist Jeanie Buss in all areas of basketball and business as an advisor.
↑ Magic Johnson (November 7, 1991). Magic Johnson HIV announcement (Press conference video). Los Angeles: CNN. Event occurs at 4:22ff. Archived from the original on July 30, 2023. Retrieved July 30, 2023.
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↑ Langer, LM; Zimmerman, RS; Hendershot, EF; Singh, M (1992). "Effect of Magic Johnson's HIV status on HIV-related attitudes and behaviors of an STD clinic population". AIDS Education and Prevention. 4 (4): 295–307. PMID1472415.
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Rosner, Mark (1999). Michael MacCambridge (ed.). Earvin "Magic" Johnson: The Star of Showtime. New York: Hyperion ESPN Books. pp.251–52. (In ESPN SportsCentury)
Johnson, Earvin "Magic" (1992). Magic's Touch: From Fundamentals to Fast Break With One of Basketball's All-Time Greats. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. ISBN0-201-63222-5.
Johnson, Earvin "Magic" (1996). What You Can Do to Avoid AIDS. New York: Times Books. ISBN0-8129-2844-X.
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