Big Ten Conference

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Big Ten Conference
Big Ten Conference logo (2012).svg
FormerlyIntercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives
(officially, 1896–1987)
Western Conference
(1896–1899)
Big Nine
(1899–1917, 1946–1950)
Association NCAA
Founded1896;127 years ago (1896)
CommissionerVacant
Sports fielded
  • 28
    • men's: 14
    • women's: 14
Division Division I
Subdivision FBS
No. of teams14 + 2 affiliate members (2 future members in 2024)
Headquarters Rosemont, Illinois
Region
Official website bigten.org
Locations
Big 10 Map.svg
Big Ten Conference (Midwest and Mid-Atlantic)
Location of B1G members: Blue pog.svg full and Green pog.svg affiliate.
Big Ten Conference (Los Angeles, CA)
Location of B1G members: Orange pog.svg future.

The Big Ten Conference (stylized B1G, formerly the Western Conference and the Big Nine Conference) is the oldest Division I collegiate athletic conference in the United States. Founded as the Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives in 1896, it predates the founding of its regulating organization, the NCAA. It is based in the Chicago area in Rosemont, Illinois. For many decades the conference consisted of 10 universities. As of 2014, it consists of 14 member institutions and 2 affiliate institutions, with 2 new member institutions scheduled to join in 2024. [1] [2] The conference competes in the NCAA Division I and its football teams compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), formerly known as Division I-A, the highest level of NCAA competition in that sport.

Contents

Big Ten member institutions are major research universities with large financial endowments and strong academic reputations. A large student body is a hallmark of its universities, as 12 of the 14 members enroll more than 30,000 students. They are all state public universities except founding member Northwestern University as the lone private university, but will be joined by private University of Southern California at the beginning of the 2024–25 collegiate athletic year. Collectively, Big Ten universities educate more than 520,000 total students and have 5.7 million living alumni. [1] The members engage in $9.3 billion in funded research each year; [2] 13 out of 14 are members of the Association of American Universities (University of Nebraska is the exception) and all are members of the Universities Research Association (URA). All Big Ten universities are also members of the Big Ten Academic Alliance, formerly the Committee on Institutional Cooperation. [3]

Though the Big Ten existed for nearly a century based in the Midwest, since 2014 the conference's geographic footprint stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Plains and in 2024 will extend to the Pacific Ocean. The conference has maintained its historic name while expanding to 14 members and 2 affiliate members. [4]

Member schools

Current full members

InstitutionLocationFoundedJoinedTypeEnrollmentEndowment (millions)NicknameColors
East Division
Indiana University Bloomington Bloomington, Indiana 18201899 [lower-alpha 1] Public42,552$3,317 Hoosiers    
University of Maryland, College Park College Park, Maryland 18562014Public (land-grant)40,709$1,993 Terrapins        
University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 18171896,
1917 [lower-alpha 2]
Public47,907$17,022 Wolverines    
Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan 18551950 [lower-alpha 3] Public (land-grant)49,695$3,926 Spartans    
Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 1870191261,369$6,814 Buckeyes    
Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania 18551990 [lower-alpha 4] 45,901$4,613 Nittany Lions    
Rutgers University–New Brunswick New BrunswickPiscataway, New Jersey 1766201450,411$2,000 Scarlet Knights  
West Division
University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 18671896Public (land-grant)52,331$3,380 Fighting Illini    
University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa 18471899 [lower-alpha 5] Public30,448$3,137 Hawkeyes    
University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota 18511896Public (land-grant)52,017$5,443 Golden Gophers    
University of Nebraska–Lincoln Lincoln, Nebraska 1869201125,057$2,310 Cornhuskers    
Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 18511896Private not-for-profit (non-sectarian)22,316$14,958 Wildcats    
Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana 1869Public (land-grant)45,869$3,584 Boilermakers    
University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison, Wisconsin 184847,935$3,981 Badgers    
Notes
  1. Athletic teams started competing in the conference effective the 1900–01 school year.
  2. In April 1907, Michigan was voted out of the conference for refusing to adhere to league rules limiting football teams to no more than five games and players to three years of eligibility. Consequently, its athletic teams were independent from 1907–08 to 1916–17.
  3. Athletic teams started competing in the conference effective the 1953–54 school year.
  4. Athletic teams started competing in the conference effective the 1991–92 school year.
  5. Athletic teams started competing in the conference effective the 1900–01 school year.

Future members

On June 30, 2022, the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and the University of Southern California (USC) announced plans to withdraw from the Pac-12 Conference to join the Big Ten in 2024 as full members. [5] [6]

InstitutionLocationFoundedJoin DateTypeEnrollmentEndowment
(millions)
NicknameColorsExisting
affiliation
University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, California 19192024Public (land-grant)45,900$3,892 Bruins     Pac-12
University of Southern California 1880Private not-for-profit (non-sectarian)49,500$8,120 Trojans    

Associate members

InstitutionLocationFoundedJoinedTypeEnrollmentNicknameColorsBig Ten sport(s)Primary conference
Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland 18762014–15Private not-for-profit (Non-sectarian)29,094 Blue Jays    men's lacrosse [lower-alpha 1] Centennial (NCAA D-III)
women's lacrosse [lower-alpha 2]
University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, Indiana 18422017–18Private not-for-profit (Catholic)12,472 Fighting Irish    men's ice hockey ACC
Notes
  1. On July 1, 2014, Johns Hopkins University joined the conference as an associate member in men's lacrosse.
  2. On July 1, 2016, Johns Hopkins University became an associate member in women's lacrosse.

Former member [lower-alpha 1]

InstitutionLocationFoundedJoinedLeftTypeEnrollmentNicknameColorsRecent
conference
University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois 189018961946 [lower-alpha 2] Private not-for-profit (Non-sectarian)17,470 Maroons     UAA (NCAA D-III)
Notes
  1. Lake Forest College attended the original 1895 meeting that led to the formation of the conference, but never participated in athletics or any other activities.
  2. The University of Chicago was a co-founder of the conference. The school dropped football after the 1939 fall season (1939–40 school year), but remained a member in other sports until the end of the 1945–46 academic year. [7]

Membership timeline

University of Southern CaliforniaUniversity of California, Los AngelesUniversity of Notre DameJohns Hopkins UniversityRutgers University–New BrunswickUniversity of Maryland, College ParkUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnPennsylvania State UniversityMichigan State UniversityOhio State UniversityUniversity of IowaIndiana University BloomingtonUniversity Athletic AssociationMidwest ConferenceUniversity of ChicagoUniversity of MichiganUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonPurdue UniversityNorthwestern UniversityUniversity of MinnesotaUniversity of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignBig Ten Conference

Full membersFull members (non-football)Sport affiliateOther conferenceOther conference

Sports

The Big Ten Conference sponsors championship competition in 14 men's and 14 women's NCAA sanctioned sports. [8]

Teams in Big Ten Conference competition
SportMen'sWomen's
Baseball 13
Basketball 1414
Cross country 1214
Field hockey 9
Football 14
Golf 1414
Gymnastics 510
Ice hockey 7
Lacrosse 67
Rowing 8
Soccer 914
Softball 14
Swimming & diving 1013
Tennis 1214
Track and field (indoor) 1213
Track and field (outdoor) 1313
Volleyball 14
Wrestling 14

Men's sponsored sports by school

SchoolBase­ballBasket­ballCross CountryFootballGolfGym­nasticsIce hockeyLac­rosseSoccerSwimming
& diving
TennisTrack & field
(indoor)
Track & field
(outdoor)
Wrest­lingTotal
IllinoisGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg10
IndianaGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg11
IowaGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg8
MarylandGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg8
MichiganGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg14
Michigan StateGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg11
MinnesotaGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg9
NebraskaGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg10
NorthwesternGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svg8
Ohio StateGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg14
Penn StateGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg14
PurdueGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg10
RutgersGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg10
WisconsinRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg11
Totals131412141456+1*5+1°9810111314148+2
Associate Members
Johns HopkinsGreen check.svg1
Notre DameGreen check.svg1
Future members
UCLAGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svg9
USCGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svg8

Notes:

    * Notre Dame joined the Big Ten in the 2017–18 school year as an affiliate member in men's ice hockey. [9] It continues to field its other sports in the ACC except in football where it will continue to compete as an independent.

    ° Johns Hopkins joined the Big Ten in 2014 as an affiliate member in men's lacrosse, with women's lacrosse following in 2016. It continues to field its other sports in the NCAA Division III Centennial Conference. [10]

    Men's varsity sports not sponsored by the Big Ten Conference that are played by Big Ten schools
    SchoolFencing [lower-alpha 1] Lightweight
    rowing [lower-alpha 2]
    Pistol [lower-alpha 3] Rifle [lower-alpha 4] Rowing [lower-alpha 2] VolleyballWater polo
    Ohio StateIndependentRed x.svgIndependent PRC Red x.svg MIVA Red x.svg
    Penn StateIndependentRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg EIVA Red x.svg
    RutgersRed x.svg EARC Red x.svgRed x.svg EARC Red x.svgRed x.svg
    WisconsinRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg EARC Red x.svgRed x.svg
    Future Members
    UCLARed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg MPSF MPSF
    USCRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg MPSF MPSF
    1. Fencing is officially a coeducational team sport, although a few schools field only a women's team. Ohio State and Penn State, like most NCAA fencing schools, have coed teams.
    2. 1 2 Men's rowing, whether heavyweight or lightweight, is not governed by the NCAA, but instead by the Intercollegiate Rowing Association. Rutgers Men's Rowing was downgraded to Club status in 2008, but remains a member of the EARC.
    3. Unlike rifle, pistol is not an NCAA-governed sport. It is fully coeducational.
    4. Rifle is technically a men's sport, but men's, women's, and coed teams all compete against each other. Ohio State fields a coed team.

    Women's sponsored sports by school

    SchoolBasket­ballCross-countryField
    hockey
    GolfGym­nasticsLacrosseRowingSoccerSoftballSwimming
    & diving
    TennisTrack & field
    (indoor)
    Track & field
    (outdoor)
    Volley­ballTotal
    IllinoisGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg11
    IndianaGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg12
    IowaGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg13
    MarylandGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg12
    MichiganGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg14
    Michigan StateGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg12
    MinnesotaGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg12
    NebraskaGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg11
    NorthwesternGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svg10
    Ohio StateGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg14
    Penn StateGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg13
    PurdueGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg11
    RutgersGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg14
    WisconsinGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg11
    Totals1414914106+1 [c 1] 814141214131314172+1
    Associate Members
    Johns HopkinsGreen check.svg
    Future Members
    UCLAGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg12
    USCGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgRed x.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svgGreen check.svg11
    Notes

      Women's varsity sports not sponsored by the Big Ten Conference that are played by Big Ten schools

      SchoolBowlingFencing [lower-alpha 1] Ice
      hockey
      Lightweight
      rowing [lower-alpha 2]
      Pistol [lower-alpha 3] Rifle [lower-alpha 4] Synchronized
      swimming [lower-alpha 5]
      Water
      polo
      Beach
      volleyball
      Wrestling [lower-alpha 6]
      IndianaRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg MPSF Red x.svgRed x.svg
      IowaRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg [lower-alpha 7]
      MichiganRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg CWPA Red x.svgRed x.svg
      MinnesotaRed x.svgRed x.svg WCHA Red x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg
      NebraskaIndependentRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg GARC Red x.svgRed x.svgIndependentRed x.svg
      NorthwesternRed x.svgIndependentRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg
      Ohio StateRed x.svgIndependent WCHA Red x.svgIndependent PRC IndependentRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg
      Penn StateRed x.svgIndependent CHA Red x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg
      RutgersRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg EARC Red x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg
      WisconsinRed x.svgRed x.svg WCHA EARC Red x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg
      Future members
      UCLARed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg MPSF Pac-12 [lower-alpha 8] Red x.svg
      USCRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svgRed x.svg MPSF Pac-12 [lower-alpha 8] Red x.svg
      1. Fencing is officially a coeducational team sport, but all bouts involve members of the same sex. Most NCAA fencing schools field both men's and women's squads, although a few schools field only a women's squad. Ohio State and Penn State have both men's and women's squads, while Northwestern fields only a women's squad.
      2. The only category of rowing that the NCAA governs is women's heavyweight rowing. Women's lightweight rowing, as with all men's rowing, is governed by the Intercollegiate Rowing Association.
      3. Unlike rifle, pistol is not an NCAA-governed sport. It is fully coeducational.
      4. Rifle is technically a men's sport, but men's, women's, and coed teams all compete against each other. Nebraska fields a women-only team, and Ohio State fields a coed team.
      5. Synchronized swimming is not governed by the NCAA. Collegiate competition is governed by United States Synchronized Swimming, the sport's national governing body.
      6. Women's wrestling is part of the NCAA Emerging Sports for Women program. NCAA-recognized competition is governed by the National Wrestling Coaches Association.
      7. Iowa will add women's wrestling in the 2023–24 school year. [11]
      8. 1 2 UCLA and USC have not announced future conference affiliation for beach volleyball.

      History

      In an initiative led by Purdue University president James Henry Smart, [12] he and the presidents of the University of Chicago, University of Illinois, University of Minnesota, University of Wisconsin, Northwestern University, and Lake Forest College met in Chicago on January 11, 1895, to discuss the regulation and control of intercollegiate athletics. The eligibility of student-athletes was one of the main topics of discussion. [13] The Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives was founded at a second meeting on February 8, 1896. [14] Lake Forest was not at the 1896 meeting and was replaced by the University of Michigan. At the time, the organization was more commonly known as the Western Conference, consisting of Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Chicago, Purdue, and Northwestern.

      The first reference to the conference as the Big Nine was in 1899 after Iowa and Indiana had joined. Nebraska first petitioned to join the league in 1900 and again in 1911, [15] but was turned away both times. In April 1907, Michigan was voted out of the conference for refusing to adhere to league rules limiting football teams to no more than five games and players to three years of eligibility. [16] Ohio State was added to the conference in 1912. The first known references to the conference as the Big Ten were in December 1916, when Michigan rejoined the conference after a nine-year absence. [17] [18]

      The conference was again known as the Big Nine after the University of Chicago decided to de-emphasize varsity athletics just after World War II. In 1939 UChicago President Robert Maynard Hutchins made the decision to abolish the football program, based on his negative views of big-time college football’s excesses and associated problems of the time. [19] and withdrew from the conference in 1946 after struggling to obtain victories in many conference matchups. It was believed that one of several schools, notably Iowa State, Marquette, Michigan State, Nebraska, Notre Dame, and Pittsburgh would replace Chicago at the time. [20] On May 20, 1949, [14] Michigan State ended the speculation by joining and the conference was again known as the Big Ten. The Big Ten's membership would remain unchanged for the next 40 years. The conference's official name throughout this period remained the Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives. It did not formally adopt the name Big Ten until 1987, when it was incorporated as a not-for-profit corporation.

      Early history

      As intercollegiate football rapidly increased during the 1890s, so did the ruthless nature of the game. Tempers flared, fights erupted, and injuries soared. Between 1880 and 1905, college football players suffered more than 325 deaths and 1,149 injuries. To deal with mounting criticism of the game, President James H. Smart of Purdue University invited representatives from the University of Chicago, University of Illinois, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, Northwestern University, and University of Wisconsin to a Chicago meeting to create policies aimed at regulating intercollegiate athletics. These schools were the original seven members. In 1899, Indiana University and the University of Iowa joined the conference to increase the membership to nine schools. Ohio State University joined in 1912 and Michigan State University joined in 1948. In 1905, the conference was officially incorporated as the "Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives". [12] The conference is one of the nation's oldest, predating the founding of the NCAA by a decade and was one of the first collegiate conferences to sponsor men's basketball. The Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association was also established in 1895; its successor, the Southern Conference, eventually spawned the Southeastern Conference and the Atlantic Coast Conference.

      1990 expansion: Penn State

      Big Ten logo (1990-2011). To reflect the addition of the 11th school, Penn State, the number 11 was placed in the negative space of the "Big Ten" lettering. Big Ten Conference former logo.svg
      Big Ten logo (1990–2011). To reflect the addition of the 11th school, Penn State, the number 11 was placed in the negative space of the "Big Ten" lettering.

      In 1990, the Big Ten universities voted to expand the conference to 11 teams and extended an invitation to Atlantic 10 member and football independent Pennsylvania State University, which accepted it. [21] When Penn State joined in 1990, it was decided the conference would continue to be called the Big Ten, but its logo was modified to reflect the change; the number 11 was disguised in the negative space of the traditionally blue "Big Ten" lettering.

      Missouri showed interest in Big Ten membership after Penn State joined. [22] Around 1993, the league explored adding Kansas, Missouri and Rutgers or other potential schools, to create a 14-team league with two football divisions. [23] These talks died when the Big Eight Conference merged with former Southwest Conference members to create the Big 12.

      Following the addition of Penn State, efforts were made to encourage the University of Notre Dame, at that time the last remaining non-service academy independent, to join the league. In 1999, Notre Dame and the Big Ten entered into private negotiations concerning a possible membership that would include Notre Dame. Although Notre Dame's faculty senate endorsed the idea with a near-unanimous vote, the school's board of trustees decided against joining the conference. [24] (In 1926, Notre Dame had briefly considered official entry into the Big Ten but chose to retain its independent status. [25] ) Notre Dame subsequently joined the Atlantic Coast Conference in all sports except football, in which Notre Dame maintains its independent status as long as it plays at least five games per season against ACC opponents. This was believed to be the major stumbling block to Notre Dame joining the Big Ten, as Notre Dame wanted to retain its independent home game broadcasting contract with NBC Sports, while the Big Ten insisted upon a full membership with no special exemptions.

      2010–2014 expansion: Nebraska, Maryland, Rutgers

      In December 2009, Big Ten Conference commissioner Jim Delany announced that the league was looking to expand in what would later be part of a nationwide trend as part of the 2010–2014 NCAA conference realignment. [26] On June 11, 2010, the University of Nebraska applied for membership in the Big Ten and was unanimously approved as the conference's 12th school, which became effective July 1, 2011. [27] The conference retained the name "Big Ten". This briefly led to the interesting and ironic result of the Big Ten consisting of twelve teams, and the Big 12 consisting of ten teams (with fellow former Big 12 member Colorado's move to the Pac-12 Conference).

      Legends and Leaders divisions

      On September 1, 2010, Delany revealed the conference's football divisional split, but noted that the division names would be announced later. Those division names, as well as the conference's new logo, were made public on December 13, 2010. For its new logo, the conference replaced the "hidden 11" logo with one that uses the "B1G" character combination in its branding. Delany did not comment on the logo that day, but it was immediately evident that the new logo would "allow fans to see 'BIG' and '10' in a single word." [28]

      For the new football division names, the Big Ten was unable to use geographic names, because they had rejected a geographic arrangement. Delany announced that the new divisions would be known as the "Legends Division" and "Leaders Division". In the Legends division were Iowa, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Nebraska and Northwestern. The Leaders division was composed of Illinois, Indiana, Ohio State, Penn State, Purdue and Wisconsin. Conference officials stated they had focused on creating competitive fairness rather than splitting by geographical location. [29] However, the new "Legends" and "Leaders" divisions were not met with enthusiasm. Some traditional rivals, including Ohio State and Michigan, were placed in separate divisions. [30]

      For the football season, each team played the others in its division, one "cross-over" rivalry game, and two rotating cross-divisional games. At the end of the regular season the two division winners met in a new Big Ten Football Championship Game. [31] The Legends and Leaders divisional alignment was in effect for the 2011, 2012 and 2013 football seasons.

      West and East divisions

      Big Ten Conference
      Location of Big Ten members: Blue pog.svg Full Member – East Division, Green pog.svg Full Member – West Division, Gold pog.svg Future Members

      On November 19, 2012, the University of Maryland's Board of Regents voted to withdraw from the ACC and join the Big Ten as its 13th member effective on July 1, 2014. [32] The Big Ten's Council of Presidents approved the move later that day. [33] One day later, Rutgers University of the Big East also accepted an offer for membership from the Big Ten as its 14th member school. [34]

      On April 28, 2013, the Big Ten presidents and chancellors unanimously approved a football divisional realignment that went into effect when Maryland and Rutgers joined in 2014. [35] Under the new plan, the Legends and Leaders divisions were replaced with geographic divisions. [35] The West Division includes Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, Northwestern, Purdue and Wisconsin (of which all but Purdue are in the Central Time Zone), while the East Division includes Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Michigan State, Ohio State, Penn State and Rutgers (all of which are in the Eastern Time Zone). The final issue in determining the new divisions was which of the two Indiana schools would be sent to the West; Purdue was chosen because its West Lafayette campus is geographically west of Indiana's home city of Bloomington. [36] The divisional alignment permanently protected the cross-divisional football rivalry Indiana–Purdue. [35] As before, the two division winners play each other in the Big Ten Football Championship Game.

      On June 3, 2013, the Big Ten announced the sponsorship of men's and women's lacrosse. For any conference to qualify for an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament, at least six member schools must play the sport. In women's lacrosse, the addition of Maryland and Rutgers to the Big Ten brought the conference up to the requisite six participants, joining programs at Michigan, Northwestern, Ohio State and Penn State. [37] In men's lacrosse, Ohio State and Penn State were the only existing participants. Coincident with the addition of Maryland and Rutgers, Michigan agreed to upgrade its successful club team to varsity status, giving the Big Ten five sponsoring schools, one short of the minimum six for an automatic bid. Johns Hopkins University opted to join the conference as its first affiliate member beginning in 2014. Johns Hopkins had been independent in men's lacrosse for 130 years, claiming 44 national championships. [38] As long-time independents joined conferences (for example, Syracuse joining the Atlantic Coast Conference), other schools competing as independents in some cases concluded that the inability to earn an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament was becoming a more serious competitive disadvantage in scheduling and recruiting.

      On March 23, 2016, the Big Ten Conference and Notre Dame announced the Fighting Irish would become a men's ice hockey affiliate beginning with the 2017–18 season. [39] Notre Dame had been a member of Hockey East, and the move saves travel time and renews rivalries with former CCHA and WCHA members.

      The conference's headquarters in Rosemont, Illinois Big 10 HQ (21617731102).jpg
      The conference's headquarters in Rosemont, Illinois

      In 2013, the conference moved its headquarters from its location in Park Ridge, Illinois to neighboring Rosemont. The office building is situated within Rosemont's MB Financial Entertainment District, alongside Interstate 294. [40] [41] [42]

      UCLA and USC, future expansion

      On June 30, 2022, UCLA and USC announced that they will be joining the Big Ten Conference effective August 2, 2024, enabling both schools to remain in the Pac-12 Conference for the duration of the Pac-12's existing media rights agreements. [5] [6] [43] [44]

      In August 2022, the conference reached new media rights deals with CBS, Fox, and NBC totaled at an estimated $7 billion. [45] [46] [47] [48]

      Commissioners

      The office of the commissioner of athletics was created in 1922 "to study athletic problems of the various member universities and assist in enforcing the eligibility rules which govern Big Ten athletics." [13]

      NameYearsNotes
      John L. Griffith 19221944died in office
      Kenneth L. "Tug" Wilson 19451961retired
      William R. Reed 19611971died in office
      Wayne Duke 19711989retired
      Jim Delany 19892020retired
      Kevin Warren 20202023resigned to become president of the Chicago Bears
      Vacant2023present

      All Big Ten members are members of the Big Ten Academic Alliance, formerly known as the Committee on Institutional Cooperation. [49] [50] [51] The University of Chicago, a former Big Ten Conference member, was a member of the CIC from 1958 to June 29, 2016. [52] [53] [54] [55]

      Schools ranked by revenue

      The schools below are listed by conference rank of total revenue. Total revenue includes ticket sales, contributions and donations, rights/licensing, student fees, school funds and all other sources including TV income, camp income, food and novelties. Total expenses includes coaching/staff, scholarships, buildings/ground, maintenance, utilities and rental fees and all other costs including recruiting, team travel, equipment and uniforms, conference dues and insurance costs. Surplus (or deficit) is calculated using the total revenue and total expenses data provided by USA Today , individual institutions and the United States Department of Education. [56]

      Institution2019 Total Revenue
      from Athletics [57]
      2019 Total Expenses
      on Athletics [57]
      2019 Surplus/(Deficit)2012 Average Spending
      per student-athlete [57]
      Ohio State University $210,548,239$223,605,396($13,057,157)$158,901
      University of Michigan $197,820,410$196,616,430$1,203,980$133,488
      Pennsylvania State University $164,529,326$160,369,805$4,159,521Not reported
      University of Wisconsin–Madison $157,660,107$154,621,828$3,038,279$116,487
      University of Iowa $151,976,026$147,632,275$3,343,751$154,592
      Michigan State University $140,010,865$135,655,740$4,355,125$120,356
      University of Nebraska–Lincoln $136,233,460$134,713,519$1,529,941$128,182
      University of Minnesota $130,456,454$129,450,256$1,006,198$102,980
      Indiana University Bloomington $127,832,628$114,822,135$13,010,493$110,102
      University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign $118,565,501$120,168,951($1,603,450)$154,719
      Purdue University $110,844,907$103,526,447$7,318,460$135,301
      University of Maryland, College Park $108,796,303$108,785,924$10,379$113,706
      Rutgers University–New Brunswick $103,251,280$103,167,344$83,936$104,638
      Northwestern University Not reportedNot reportedNot reportedNot reported

      Broadcasting and media rights

      In 2006, the conference formed a dedicated cable network, Big Ten Network, in partnership with Fox Sports. The network carries coverage of Big Ten athletics (including events not carried by the Big Ten's other media partners), studio shows, as well as other original programs and documentaries profiling the conference and its members. [58] Commissioner Jim Delany began to explore the formation of a Big Ten-specific channel in 2004 after a failed attempt to seek a significantly larger rights fee from ESPN to renew its existing agreements; the impact of Big Ten Network also influenced the conference's expansion in the 2010's, with some of its newer members being located in proximity to major media markets such as Baltimore and Washington, D.C. (Maryland) and the New York metropolitan area (Rutgers). [59] [60]

      On August 18, 2022, the Big Ten announced that it had reached seven-year broadcast rights deals with Fox, CBS, and for the first time, NBC Sports, beginning in the 2023–24 academic year, ending an association between the conference and ESPN dating back to the 1980s. A major goal for the new contracts was to establish specific broadcast windows for Big Ten football games across its three partners, with Fox, CBS, and NBC primarily holding rights to Noon ET, 3:30 p.m ET, and primetime games respectively. [46] [47] [48] The contracts were estimated to be worth at least $7 billion, [61] [46] but also reportedly includes an "escalator clause" that will raise the value of the contracts if the Notre Dame Fighting Irish were to specifically join the Big Ten. [62]

      Awards and honors

      Big Ten Athlete of the Year

      The Big Ten Athlete of the Year award is given annually to the athletes voted as the top male and female athlete in the Big Ten Conference.

      Big Ten Medal of Honor

      Big Ten Medal of Honor (annual; at each school; one male scholar-athlete and one female scholar-athlete) [63]

      NACDA Learfield Sports Directors' Cup rankings

      The NACDA Learfield Sports Directors' Cup is an annual award given by the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics to the U.S. colleges and universities with the most success in collegiate athletics. Big Ten universities typically finish ranked in the top-50 of the final Directors' Cup annual rankings.

      Institution2021
      22
      2020
      21
      2019
      20
      2018
      19
      2017
      18
      2016
      17
      2015
      16
      2014
      15
      2013
      14
      2012
      13
      10-yr
      Average
      Illinois Fighting Illini 5247N/A4336385431473142
      Indiana Hoosiers 6434N/A3252474161363244
      Iowa Hawkeyes 5530N/A3851526244786553
      Maryland Terrapins 4646N/A4050495933324444
      Michigan Wolverines 33N/A2543191346
      Michigan State Spartans 4161N/A4748505334293043
      Minnesota Golden Gophers 2828N/A2019301826212224
      Nebraska Cornhuskers 4935N/A4831382739232435
      Northwestern Wildcats 3631N/A4531365050504035
      Ohio State Buckeyes 49N/A12622725169
      Penn State Nittany Lions 4339N/A131072085617
      Purdue Boilermakers 5338N/A5541414560484247
      Rutgers Scarlet Knights 4860N/A82103113831049112089
      Wisconsin Badgers 2437N/A1622162718182923
      UniversityTop 10
      rankings
      Michigan22
      Ohio State14
      Penn State9
      Nebraska5
      Minnesota1

      2021–22 Capital One Cup standings

      The Capital One Cup is an award given annually to the best men's and women's Division I college athletics programs in the United States. Points are earned throughout the year based on final standings of NCAA Championships and final coaches' poll rankings.

      InstitutionMen's
      Ranking
      Women's
      Ranking
      Illinois78NR
      Indiana6974
      Iowa5857
      Maryland39
      Michigan213
      Michigan State6185
      Minnesota6422
      Nebraska4711
      Northwestern7811
      Ohio State1721
      Penn State2170
      Purdue8837
      Rutgers2915
      WisconsinNR5

      Conference records

      For Big Ten records, by sport (not including football), see footnote [65]

      NCAA national titles

      Totals are per NCAA annual list published every July [66] and NCAA-published gymnastics history, [67] with subsequent results as of June 30, 2021, obtained from NCAA.org , which provides intermittent updates throughout the year.

      Excluded from this list are all national championships earned outside the scope of NCAA competition, including Division I FBS football titles, women's AIAW championships (17) and retroactive Helms Athletic Foundation titles.

      Future conference members in grey.

      InstitutionTotalMen'sWomen'sCo-edNicknameMost successful sport (Titles)
      University of California, Los Angeles 120 76440 Bruins Men’s volleyball (19)
      University of Southern California 111 85260 Trojans Men’s Outdoor Track and Field (26)
      Pennsylvania State University 53 291113 Nittany Lions Fencing (14)
      University of Michigan 39 [68] [67] 3630 Wolverines Men's swimming (12) (plus 7 unofficial titles)
      University of Maryland 32 9230 Terrapins Women's lacrosse (14)
      Ohio State University 31 2443 Buckeyes Men's swimming (11)
      University of Wisconsin 31 2290 Badgers Men's boxing (8) (including 4 unofficial titles)
      University of Iowa 25 2410 Hawkeyes Men's wrestling (24)
      Indiana University 24 2400 Hoosiers Men's soccer (8)
      Michigan State University 20 1910 Spartans Men's cross country (8)
      University of Minnesota 19 1360 Golden Gophers Women's ice hockey (6)
      University of Nebraska 19 8110 Cornhuskers Men's gymnastics (8)
      University of Illinois 18 1800 Fighting Illini Men's gymnastics (10)
      Northwestern University 9 180 Wildcats Women's lacrosse (7)
      Purdue University 3 120 Boilermakers Men's golf (1), Women's golf (1), Women's basketball (1)
      Rutgers University 1 100 Scarlet Knights Fencing (1)
      Total3122217516

      See also: List of NCAA schools with the most NCAA Division I championships and List of NCAA schools with the most Division I national championships

      Conference titles

      For Big Ten championships, by year, see footnote. [69] Totals do not include Big Ten tournament championships.

      Institution# of [70]
      University of Chicago 7 73
      University of Illinois 250
      Indiana University 183
      University of Iowa 117
      University of Maryland 2 29
      University of Michigan 409
      Michigan State University 110
      University of Minnesota 178
      University of Nebraska 3 16
      Northwestern University 81
      University of Notre Dame 4 1
      Ohio State University 248
      Pennsylvania State University 5 92
      Purdue University 83
      Rutgers University 6 3
      Johns Hopkins University 1 1
      University of Wisconsin 209
      1. ^ Johns Hopkins was added in 2014 as an associate member that competed in men's lacrosse only. Johns Hopkins also began competing as an associate member in women's lacrosse in the 2016–17 school year.
      2. ^ Maryland won 196 conference championships as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), second most in ACC history.
      3. ^ Nebraska won 80 conference championships as a member of the Big 12 Conference, second most in Big 12 history. Nebraska also won 230 conference championships as a member of the Big Eight Conference, the most in Big Eight history.
      4. ^ Notre Dame was added in 2017 as an associate member that competed in men's ice hockey only.
      5. ^ Penn State won or shared 70 conference championships as a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference (1982–91) and earlier when it was known as the Eastern 8 Conference (1976–79).
      6. ^ Rutgers won six conference championships as a member of the Middle Three Conference, the Middle Atlantic Conference, the Atlantic 10 Conference, the original Big East Conference, and both of its offshoots, the non-football Big East Conference and the American Athletic Conference.
      7. ^ Chicago won 73 conference championships as a member of the Big Ten from 1896 to 1946.

      2022–2023 champions

      SportChampionTournament
      champion
      Men's cross countryWisconsin (2022)
      Women's cross countryMichigan State (2022)
      Field hockeyMaryland & Penn State (2022)Michigan (2022)
      Football Michigan (2022)
      Men's soccer Maryland (2022)Rutgers (2022)
      Women's soccerMichigan State (2022)Penn State (2022)
      Women's volleyballWisconsin (2022)
      Women's swimming and divingOhio State (2023)
      Men's indoor track and fieldWisconsin (2023)
      Women's indoor track and fieldMichigan (2023)
      Men's swimming and divingIndiana (2023)
      Women's basketball Indiana (2023) Iowa (2023)
      Wrestling‡ Penn State (2023)Penn State (2023)
      Men's basketball Purdue (2023)Purdue (2023)
      Men's ice hockey Minnesota (2023) Michigan (2023)
      Women’s ice hockeyOhio State (2023)Minnesota (2023)
      Women's gymnasticsMichigan & Michigan State (2023)Michigan (2023)
      Men's gymnasticsMichigan (2023)Michigan (2022)
      Women's tennisOhio State (2022)Michigan (2022)
      Men's tennisOhio State (2022)Michigan (2022)
      Women's golfMichigan (2022)
      Men's golfIllinois (2022)
      Women's lacrosseMaryland (2022)Maryland (2022)
      Men's lacrosse‡ Maryland (2022)Maryland (2022)
      SoftballNorthwestern (2022)Nebraska (2022)
      Men's outdoor track and fieldOhio State (2022)
      Women's outdoor track and fieldOhio State (2022)
      Women's rowingOhio State (2022)
      BaseballMaryland (2022) Michigan (2022)

      ‡ Denotes national champion

      Football

      When Maryland and Rutgers joined the Big Ten in 2014, the division names were changed to "East" and "West", with Purdue and the six schools in the Central Time Zone in the West and Indiana joining the remaining six Eastern Time Zone schools in the East. The only protected cross-division game is Indiana–Purdue. Beginning in 2016, the Big Ten adopted a nine-game conference schedule. [36] [71] All teams have one cross-division opponent they play annually that changes every six years except for Indiana and Purdue, whose crossover is permanent. The other six opponents are played every three years during that cycle. For 2016–2021, the pairings are Maryland-Minnesota, Michigan-Wisconsin, Michigan State-Northwestern, Ohio State-Nebraska, Penn State-Iowa, and Rutgers-Illinois, and for 2022-2027 the pairings are Maryland-Northwestern, Michigan-Nebraska, Michigan State-Minnesota, Ohio State-Wisconsin, Penn State-Illinois, and Rutgers-Iowa. [72] In 2016, the Big Ten no longer allowed its members to play Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) teams and also requires at least one non-conference game against a school in the Power Five conferences (ACC, Big 12, Pac-12, SEC). Contracts for future games already scheduled against FCS teams would be honored. However, in 2017, the Big Ten started to allow teams to schedule an FCS opponent during years in which they only have four conference home games (odd-numbered years for East division teams, even-numbered years for West division teams). [73] At the time this policy was first announced, games against FBS independents Notre Dame and BYU would automatically count toward the Power Five requirement. [74] ESPN, citing a Big Ten executive, reported in 2015 that the Big Ten would allow exceptions to the Power Five rule on a case-by-case basis, and also that the other FBS independent at that time, Army, had been added to the list of non-Power Five schools that would automatically be counted as Power Five opponents. [75]

      All-time school records

      This list goes through the 2022 season.

      Future conference members in gray.

      #TeamRecordsPct.Division
      Championships
      Big Ten
      Championships
      Claimed National
      Championships
      2 Ohio State 953–332–53.7321039†8
      1 Michigan 989–353–36.73134411
      3 USC††878-365-54.6980011
      4 Nebraska††912–417–40.681105
      5 Penn State 920–406–42.688242
      6 Michigan State 726–479–44.599396
      7 Wisconsin 736–512–53.5865141
      8 UCLA††631-451-37.580001
      9 Minnesota 723–533–42.5731187
      10 Iowa 685–571–39.5442115
      11 Purdue 634–581–48.521180
      12 Maryland††670–621–43.518001
      13 Illinois 621–617–50.5020155
      14 Rutgers††662–679–42.494001
      15 Northwestern 548–697–44.442280
      16 Indiana 500–700–44.420020

      † Ohio State vacated 12 wins and its Big Ten title in 2010 due to NCAA sanctions.

      †† Numbers of division and conference championships shown reflect Big Ten history only and do not include division and conference championships in former conferences. USC and UCLA join the Big Ten in 2024, Maryland and Rutgers joined in 2014, and Nebraska joined in 2011.

      Number of Claimed National Championships, as well as win–loss–tie records, include all seasons played, regardless of conference membership.

      Big Ten Conference champions

      Bowl games

      Since 1946, the Big Ten champion has had a tie-in with the Rose Bowl game. Michigan appeared in the first bowl game, the 1902 Rose Bowl. After that, the Big Ten did not allow their schools to participate in bowl games, until the agreement struck with the Pacific Coast Conference for the 1947 Rose Bowl. From 1946 through 1971, the Big Ten did not allow the same team to represent the conference in consecutive years in the Rose Bowl with an exception made after the 1961 season in which Minnesota played in the 1962 Rose Bowl after playing in the 1961 Rose Bowl due to Ohio State declining the bid because of Ohio State faculty concerns about academics.

      It was not until the 1975 season that the Big Ten allowed teams to play in bowl games other than the Rose Bowl. Michigan, which had been shut out of the postseason the previous three years, was the first beneficiary of the new rule when it played in the Orange Bowl vs. Oklahoma. Due to the pre-1975 rules, Big Ten teams such as Michigan and Ohio State have lower numbers of all-time bowl appearances than powerhouse teams from the Big 12 Conference (previously Big Eight and Southwest Conferences) and Southeastern Conference, which always placed multiple teams in bowl games every year.

      Since the 2020–21 season, a new slate of bowl game selections has included several new bowl games. [76]

      PickNameLocationOpposing
      Conference
      1 Rose Bowl* Pasadena, California Pac-12
      2 Citrus Bowl or Orange Bowl^ Orlando, Florida or Miami Gardens, Florida SEC or ACC
      3 ReliaQuest Bowl [77] Tampa, Florida SEC
      4 Las Vegas Bowl or Duke's Mayo Bowl Paradise, Nevada or Charlotte, North Carolina Pac-12 or ACC
      5 Music City Bowl [77] Nashville, Tennessee SEC
      6 Pinstripe Bowl [77] New York City ACC
      7 Guaranteed Rate Bowl [77] Phoenix, Arizona Big 12
      8 San Francisco Bowl [77] Santa Clara, California Pac-12
      9 Quick Lane Bowl [77] Detroit, Michigan MAC

      * If the conference champion is picked for the College Football Playoff in years the Rose Bowl does not host a semifinal, the next highest ranked team in the committee rankings, or runner up, shall take its place at the Rose Bowl.

      ^ The Big Ten, along with the SEC, will be eligible to face the ACC representative in the Orange Bowl at least three out of the eight seasons that it does not host a semifinal for the Playoff over a 12-year span. Notre Dame will be chosen the other two years if eligible.

      † The Big Ten will switch between the Las Vegas Bowl and Duke's Mayo Bowl on odd and even years, respectively.

      Bowl selection procedures

      Although the pick order usually corresponds to the conference standings, the bowls are not required to make their choices strictly according to the win–loss records; many factors influence bowl selections, especially the likely turnout of the team's fans. Picks are made after CFP selections; the bowl with the #2 pick will have the first pick of the remaining teams in the conference.

      For all non-College Football Playoff partners, the bowl partner will request a Big Ten team. The Big Ten will approve or assign another team based on internal selection parameters.

      When not hosting a semifinal, the Orange Bowl will select the highest-ranked team from the Big Ten, SEC or Notre Dame to face an ACC opponent. (However, in an 8-game cycle [12 years due to not counting when the Orange Bowl is a semifinal], the Big Ten must be selected at least three times and no more than four times; the SEC similarly will be selected between three and four times while Notre Dame may be selected up to two times.) [78] The Big Ten Champion cannot play in the Orange Bowl. If a Big Ten team is not selected by the Orange Bowl, the Citrus Bowl will submit a request for a Big Ten team.

      Head coach compensation

      Guaranteed compensation is due to the coaches regardless of performance. Though most of the pay is directed from the university, some also comes in the form of guaranteed endorsements and other income streams. Most coaches also have performance-based bonuses that can significantly raise their salaries. [79]

      Two Big Ten member schools—Northwestern, a private institution, and Penn State, exempt from most open records laws due to its status as what Pennsylvania calls a "state-related" institution—are not obligated to provide salary information for their head coaches, but choose to do so.

      Conf. RankInstitutionHead coach2023 guaranteed pay
      T-1 Michigan State University Mel Tucker $9,500,000
      T-1 Ohio State University Ryan Day $9,500,000
      3 University of Nebraska–Lincoln Matt Rhule $7,800,000
      T-4 University of Wisconsin–Madison Luke Fickell $7,500,000
      T-4 Pennsylvania State University James Franklin $7,500,000
      6 University of Michigan Jim Harbaugh $7,050,000
      7 University of Iowa Kirk Ferentz $7,000,000
      8 University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign Bret Bielema $6,000,000
      9 Northwestern University Pat Fitzgerald $5,748,000
      10 University of Minnesota P. J. Fleck $5,100,000
      11 Indiana University Bloomington Tom Allen $4,700,000
      12 Purdue University Ryan Walters $4,100,000
      T-13 Rutgers University–New Brunswick Greg Schiano $4,000,000
      T-13 University of Maryland, College Park Mike Locksley $4,000,000

      Marching bands

      All Big Ten member schools have marching bands which perform regularly during the football season. Ten of the member schools, as well as future member UCLA, have won the Sudler Trophy, [80] generally considered the most prestigious honor a collegiate marching band can receive. [81] The first three Sudler trophies were awarded to Big Ten marching bands—Michigan (1982), Illinois (1983) and Ohio State (1984). [80] The Big Ten has more Sudler Trophy recipients than any other collegiate athletic conference. [80]

      Conference individual honors

      Coaches and media of the Big Ten Conference award individual honors at the end of each football season.

      Men's basketball

      The Big Ten has participated in basketball since 1904, and has led the nation in attendance every season since 1978. [82] It has been a national powerhouse in men's basketball, having multiple championship winners and often sending four or more teams to the NCAA men's basketball tournament. Previous NCAA champions include Indiana with five titles, Michigan State with two, and Wisconsin, Michigan, and Ohio State with one each. Maryland, which joined the Big Ten in 2014, won one NCAA championship as a member of the ACC. [83] [84] Ohio State played in the first NCAA tournament national championship game in 1939, losing to Oregon. Despite this, Jimmy Hull of Ohio State was the first NCAA tournament MVP. The first three tournament MVPs came from the Big Ten (Marv Huffman of Indiana in 1940 and John Katz of Wisconsin in 1941).

      Big Ten teams have also experienced success in the postseason NIT. Since 1974, 13 Big Ten teams have played in the championship game, winning nine championships. Michigan, Ohio State, Penn State, and Minnesota have won two NIT championships, while Indiana and Purdue have won one each. Two other members, Maryland and Nebraska, won NIT titles before they joined the Big Ten. In addition, in 1943 the defunct Helms Athletic Foundation retrospectively awarded national titles to Northwestern for 1931 and Purdue for 1932; then in 1957, it selected Illinois for 1915, Minnesota for 1902 and 1919, and Wisconsin for 1912, 1914 and 1916. [85] Former member Chicago won a post-season national championship series in 1908.

      Since 1999, the Big Ten has taken part in the ACC–Big Ten Challenge with the Atlantic Coast Conference. The ACC holds an 11–5–2 record against the Big Ten; Minnesota, Nebraska, Penn State, Purdue, and Wisconsin are the only Big Ten schools without losing records in the challenge.

      All-time school records

      This list is updated through March 1, 2022 and is listed by win percentage in NCAA Division I men's college basketball.

      Future members in gray.

      #Big TenOverall
      record
      Pct.Big Ten
      Tournament
      Championships
      Big Ten
      Regular Season
      Championships
      NCAA National
      Championships
      Claimed
      Pre-Tournament
      Championships
      1 UCLA 1968-888.68900110
      2 Purdue 1855–1045.64012501
      3 Illinois 1833–1031.64031701
      4 Indiana 1865–1080.63502250
      5 Ohio State 1810–1138.6144†20†10
      6 Michigan State 1754–1114.61261620
      7 Michigan 1659–1060.6102†1510
      8 Maryland 1604–1056.6030110
      9 Iowa 1695–1193–1.5872800
      10 USC 1701-1241.5780000
      11 Minnesota 1677–1248–2.57308†03†
      12 Wisconsin 1653–1237.57232013
      13 Penn State 1508–1211–1.5550000
      14 Nebraska 1529–1410.5200000
      15 Rutgers 1276–1235.5080000
      16 Northwestern 1105–1557–1.4150201

      † Minnesota vacated its 1997 Big Ten Conference regular season title, Michigan vacated its 1998 Big Ten tournament title, and Ohio State vacated its 2002 Big Ten tournament, as well as 2000 and 2002 regular season titles, due to NCAA sanctions. Minnesota was the champion for both the Premo-Porretta Power Poll and the Helms Athletic Foundation in 1902, but was only the Premo-Porretta champion in 1903 and only the Helms champion in 1919.

      National championships, Final Fours, and NCAA tournament appearances

      Big Ten Conference basketball programs have combined to win 10 NCAA men's basketball championships as Big Ten members, with another member having won a national championship before joining the conference. Indiana has won five, Michigan State has won two, while Michigan, Ohio State and Wisconsin have won one national championship each as Big Ten members. Maryland won one national championship while a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. Future member UCLA has won 11 national championships, matching the total of all existing Big Ten members. Eleven teams have advanced to the Final Four at least once in their history, as have both future members. Nine Big Ten schools (Indiana, Michigan State, Illinois, Purdue, Ohio State, Maryland, Iowa, Michigan, and Wisconsin) plus future member UCLA are among the national top-50 in all-time NCAA tournament appearances.

      SchoolMen's NCAA ChampionshipsMen's NCAA
      Final Fours
      Men's NCAA
      Elite Eights
      Men's NCAA
      Sweet Sixteens
      Men's NCAA tournament appearances
      Illinois5
      (1949, 1951, 1952, 1989, 2005)
      9
      (1942, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1963, 1984, 1989, 2001, 2005)
      11
      (1951, 1952, 1963, 1981, 1984, 1985, 1989, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005)
      33
      (1942, 1949, 195152, 1963, 1981, 198390, 199395, 1997, 1998, 200007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2021, 2022, 2023)
      Indiana5
      (1940, 1953, 1976, 1981, 1987)
      8
      (1940, 1953, 1973, 1976, 1981, 1987, 1992, 2002)
      11
      (1940, 1953, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1992, 1993, 2002)
      22
      (1953, 1954, 1958, 1967, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1987, 1989, 199194, 2002, 2012, 2013, 2016)
      41
      (1940, 1953, 1954, 1958, 1967, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1978, 198084, 19862003, 200608, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2022, 2023)
      Iowa3
      (1955, 1956, 1980)
      4
      (1955, 1956, 1980, 1987)
      8
      (1955, 1956, 1970, 1980, 1983, 1987, 1988, 1999)
      29
      (1955, 1956, 1970, 197983, 1985–89, 199193, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2006, 201416, 2019, 2021, 2022, 2023)
      Maryland1
      (2002)
      2
      (2001, 2002)
      4
      (1973, 1975, 2001, 2002)
      14
      (1958, 1973, 1975, 1980, 1984, 1985, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 200103, 2016)
      29
      (1958, 1973, 1975, 1980, 1981, 198386, 19942004, 2007, 2009, 2010, 201517, 2019, 2021, 2023)
      Michigan1
      (1989)
      6
      (1964, 1965, 1976, 1989, 2013, 2018)
      14
      (1948, 196466, 1974, 1976, 1977, 1989, 1992, 1994, 2013, 2014, 2018, 2021)
      17
      (196466, 1974, 197677, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1994, 2013, 2014, 201719, 2021, 2022)
      28
      (1948, 196466, 197477, 198590, 1992, 1994, 1995, 2009, 201114, 201619, 2021, 2022)
      Michigan State2
      (1979, 2000)
      10
      (1957, 1979, 199901, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2019)
      14
      (1957, 1959, 1978, 1979, 199901, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, 2019)
      21
      (1957, 1959, 1978, 1979, 1986, 1990, 19982001, 2003, 2005, 2008–10, 201215, 2019, 2023)
      36
      (1957, 1959, 1978, 1979, 1985, 1986, 199092, 1994, 1995, 19982019, 2021, 2022, 2023)
      Minnesota1
      (1990)
      3
      (1982, 1989, 1990)
      10
      (1982, 1989, 1990, 1999, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2017, 2019)
      Nebraska7
      (1986, 199194, 1998, 2014)
      Northwestern2
      (2017, 2023)
      Ohio State1
      (1960)
      10
      (1939, 194446, 196062, 1968, 2007, 2012)
      14
      (1939, 194446, 1950, 196062, 1968, 1971, 1992, 2007, 2012, 2013)
      14
      (196062, 1968, 1971, 1980, 1983, 1991, 1992, 2007, 201013)
      31
      (1939, 194446, 1950, 196062, 1968, 1971, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1987, 199092, 2006, 2007, 200915, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022)
      Penn State1
      (1954)
      2
      (1942, 1954)
      4
      (1952, 1954, 1955, 2001)
      10
      (1942, 1952, 1954, 1955, 1965, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2011, 2023)
      Purdue2
      (1969, 1980)
      5
      (1969, 1980, 1994, 2000, 2019)
      13
      (1969, 1980, 1988, 1994, 19982000, 2009, 2010, 201719, 2022)
      33
      (1969, 1977, 1980, 198388, 1990, 1991, 199395, 19972000, 2003, 200712, 201519, 2021, 2022, 2023)
      Rutgers1
      (1976)
      1
      (1976)
      2
      (1976, 1979)
      8
      (1975, 1976, 1979, 1983, 1989, 1991, 2021, 2022)
      UCLA11
      (19641965, 19671973, 1975, 1995)
      19
      (1962, 19641965, 19671976, 1976, 1980*, 1995, 20062008, 2021)
      23
      (1950, 1962, 19641965, 19671976, 19791980*, 1992, 1995, 1997, 20062008, 2021)
      36
      (1952, 1956, 19621965, 19671980*, 1990, 1992, 1995, 19971998, 20002002, 20062008, 20142015, 2017, 20212022)
      46
      (1950, 1952, 1956, 19621965, 19671981, 1983, 1987, 19892002, 20052009, 2011, 20132015 , 20172018, 20212022, 2023)
      USC2
      (1940, 1954)
      4
      (1940, 1954, 2001, 2021)
      5
      (1954, 1961, 2001, 2007*, 2021)
      21
      (1940, 1954, 19601961, 1979, 1982, 1985, 19911992, 1997, 20012002, 2007*2009, 2011, 20162017, 20212022, 2023)
      Wisconsin1
      (1941)
      4
      (1941, 2000, 2014, 2015)
      6
      (1941, 1947, 2000, 2005, 2014, 2015)
      10
      (2000, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2012, 201417)
      26
      (1941, 1947, 1994, 1997, 19992017, 2019, 2021, 2022)

      Seasons are listed by the calendar years in which they ended. Italics indicate honors earned before the school competed in the Big Ten.

      NCAA tournament champions, runners-up and locations

      † denotes overtime games. Multiple †'s indicate more than one overtime.

      YearChampionRunner-upVenue and city
      1939 Oregon 46 Ohio State 33 Patten Gymnasium Evanston, Illinois
      1940 Indiana 60 Kansas 42 Municipal Auditorium Kansas City, Missouri
      1941 Wisconsin 39 Washington State 34Municipal AuditoriumKansas City, Missouri (2)
      1953 Indiana (2)69 Kansas 68Municipal AuditoriumKansas City, Missouri (4)
      1956 San Francisco (2)83 Iowa 71 McGaw Hall Evanston, Illinois (2)
      1960 Ohio State 75 California 55 Cow Palace Daly City, California
      1961 Cincinnati 70 Ohio State 65Municipal AuditoriumKansas City, Missouri (8)
      1962 Cincinnati (2)71 Ohio State 59 Freedom Hall Louisville, Kentucky (3)
      1965 UCLA (2)91 Michigan 80 Memorial Coliseum Portland, Oregon
      1969 UCLA (5)92 Purdue 72Freedom HallLouisville, Kentucky (6)
      1976 Indiana (3)86 Michigan 68 The Spectrum Philadelphia
      1979 Michigan State 75 Indiana State 64 Special Events Center Salt Lake City
      1981 Indiana (4)63 North Carolina 50SpectrumPhiladelphia (2)
      1987 Indiana (5)74 Syracuse 73 Louisiana Superdome New Orleans (2)
      1989 Michigan 80 Seton Hall 79 Kingdome Seattle (4)
      1992 Duke (2)71 Michigan [a 1] 51 Metrodome Minneapolis
      1993 North Carolina (3)77 Michigan [a 1] 71Louisiana SuperdomeNew Orleans (3)
      2000 Michigan State (2)89 Florida 76 RCA Dome Indianapolis (4)
      2002 Maryland 64 Indiana 52 Georgia Dome Atlanta (2)
      2005 North Carolina (4)75 Illinois 70 Edward Jones Dome St. Louis (3)
      2007 Florida (2)84 Ohio State 75Georgia DomeAtlanta (3)
      2009 North Carolina (5)89 Michigan State 72 Ford Field Detroit
      2013 Louisville [a 2] 82 Michigan 76Georgia DomeAtlanta (4)
      2015 Duke (5)68 Wisconsin 63Lucas Oil StadiumIndianapolis (7)
      2018 Villanova (3)79 Michigan 62 Alamodome San Antonio (4)
      1. 1 2 Participation vacated due to major NCAA violations.
      2. Participation and title vacated due to major NCAA violations.

      Post-season NIT championships and runners-up

      YearChampionRunner-upMVPVenue and city
      1972 Maryland 100 Niagara 69 Tom McMillen, Maryland Madison Square Garden New York City
      1974 Purdue 87 Utah 81 Mike Sojourner, UtahMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1979 Indiana 53 Purdue 52 Butch Carter and Ray Tolbert, IndianaMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1980 Virginia 58 Minnesota 55 Ralph Sampson, VirginiaMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1982 Bradley 68 Purdue 61Mitchell Anderson, BradleyMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1984 Michigan 83 Notre Dame 63 Tim McCormick, MichiganMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1985 UCLA 65 Indiana 62 Reggie Miller, UCLAMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1986 Ohio State 73 Wyoming 63 Brad Sellers, Ohio StateMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1988 Connecticut 72 Ohio State 67Phil Gamble, UConnMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1993 Minnesota 62 Georgetown 61 Voshon Lenard, MinnesotaMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1996 Nebraska 60 Saint Joseph's 56 Erick Strickland, NebraskaMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1997 Michigan [b 1] 82 Florida State 73 Robert Traylor, MichiganMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1998 Minnesota [b 2] 79 Penn State 72Kevin Clark, MinnesotaMadison Square GardenNew York City
      2004 Michigan 62 Rutgers 55 Daniel Horton, MichiganMadison Square GardenNew York City
      2006 South Carolina 76 Michigan 64 Renaldo Balkman, South CarolinaMadison Square GardenNew York City
      2008 Ohio State 92 Massachusetts 85 Kosta Koufos, Ohio StateMadison Square GardenNew York City
      2009 Penn State 69 Baylor 63Jamelle Cornley, Penn StateMadison Square GardenNew York City
      2012 Stanford 75 Minnesota 51Aaron Bright, StanfordMadison Square GardenNew York City
      2013 Baylor 74 Iowa 54 Pierre Jackson, BaylorMadison Square GardenNew York City
      2014 Minnesota 65 SMU 63Austin Hollins, MinnesotaMadison Square GardenNew York City
      2018 Penn State 82 Utah 66Lamar Stevens, Penn StateMadison Square GardenNew York City
      1. Participation and title vacated due to major NCAA violations.
      2. Participation and title vacated due to major NCAA violations.
      1. Associate member: Johns Hopkins

      Women's basketball

      Women's basketball teams have played a total of ten times in the NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament (since 1982) and Women's National Invitation Tournament Championship (since 1998). Purdue is the only Big Ten member to have won the NCAA women's basketball national title while a member of the conference. Both schools that joined in 2014, Maryland and Rutgers, won national titles before joining the Big Ten—Rutgers won the final AIAW championship in 1982, when it was a member of the Eastern 8, and Maryland won the NCAA title in 2006 as a member of the ACC. Big Ten women's basketball led conference attendance from 1993 to 1999. [86]

      Like the men's teams, the women's basketball teams in the Big Ten participate in the Big Ten–ACC Women's Challenge, which was founded in 2007.

      National championships, Final Fours, and NCAA tournament appearances

      Seasons are listed by the calendar years in which they ended. Italics indicate seasons before the school competed in the Big Ten.

      SchoolWomen's AIAW/NCAA
      Championships
      Women's AIAW/NCAA
      Final Fours
      Women's AIAW/NCAA
      Elite Eights
      Women's AIAW/NCAA
      Sweet Sixteens
      Women's AIAW/NCAA
      Tournament Appearances
      Illinois 2
      (1997, 1998)
      8
      (1982, 1986, 1987, 19972000, 2003)
      Indiana 1
      (1973)
      3
      (1972, 1974, 2021)
      2
      (2021, 2022)
      8
      (1983, 1994, 1995, 2002, 2016, 2019, 2021, 2022)
      Iowa 1
      (1993)
      4
      (1987, 1988, 1993, 2019)
      8
      (1987, 1988, 1989, 1993, 1996, 2015, 2019, 2021)
      28
      (198694, 199698, 2001, 2002, 2006, 2008, 2009, 201015, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022)
      Maryland 1
      (2006)
      6
      (1978, 1982, 1989, 2006, 2014, 2015)
      14
      (197882, 1988, 1989, 1992, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2014, 2015)
      19
      (197883, 1988, 1989, 1992, 2006, 2008, 2009, 201214, 2015, 2017, 2021, 2022)
      33
      (197884, 1986, 198893, 1997, 2001, 200409, 201114, 201519, 2021, 2022)
      Michigan 1
      (2022)
      2
      (2021, 2022)
      9
      (1990, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2012, 2013, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022)
      Michigan State 1
      (2005)
      1
      (2005)
      3
      (2005, 2006, 2009)
      19
      (1977, 1991, 1996, 1997, 200307, 200914, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2021)
      Minnesota 1
      (2004)
      1
      (2004)
      4
      (1977, 2003, 2004, 2005)